Journal of

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Background and Aim: Environmental and climatic conditions in different geographical areas provide the basis for certain diseases. Skin cancer is one of the most common types of cancer, with a different incidence rate in geographical areas. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of climate and environmental factors on skin cancer and to map the geographical distribution of skin cancer in Iran.

Methods: This study was performed using data of patients with skin cancer, population and data of climatic and environmental factors that affect skin cancer incidence. In this study, after calculating the incidence of skin cancer rate for the whole country, we used the Geographically Weighted Regression model to establish a regression relationship between climate and environmental data and the incidence of skin cancer. The coefficient of detection between the map of incidence of skin cancer and its model map was calculated.

Results: Correlation coefficients showed that sun UV and relative humidity had the highest positive and negative correlation with the incidence of skin cancer, respectively. The southern, eastern and central regions of Iran had the highest incidence of skin cancer rate and the northern and northwestern coasts of Iran had the lowest incidence rate. Validating of actual incidence rate map and the modeled incidence rate map indicated a coefficient of detection of 0.71.

Conclusion: All of the climate and environmental parameters in this study contributed to in the incidence of skin cancer.

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Background and Aim: Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease of hair follicle. Osteopontin is an early T lymphocyte activator that may play a role in some immunological diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum level of osteopontin in patients with alopecia areata and compare it with the level in normal subjects.
 

Methods: 54 patients with alopecia areata who presented to the Razi Hospital in Tehran in 2017 and 2018 were enrolled. Half of the patients had severe disease and half of them had mild disease. Also, 52 healthy subjects were selected as control group (age and sex matched). The severity of disease was determined using SALT Score. Serum osteopontin levels were measured by ELISA method.
 

Results: The results showed that serum osteopontin levels were significantly higher in patients with alopecia areata than healthy subjects. There was no significant relationship between osteopontin level and SALT score or duration of the disease.
 

Conclusion: The level of osteopontin is higher in AA patients than normal subjects but it does not correlate with the severity of disease.