Showing 8 results for Lotfali
Ensieh Lotfali, Akram Miraminmohammadi, Mahshid Shahrzad, Ali Khamesipoor, Alireza Firooz, Azam Fattahi,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (Volume 11, No 1 2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The aim of the present study is rapid and precise identification of yeast species isolated from nail of patients with clinical features of onychomycosis using PCR-RFLP technique.
Methods: 50 patients with involvement of 29 fingernails and 21 toenails were enrolled in the study. Different yeast species were identified by conventional mycological. The PCR-RFLP was tested on yeast isolated and the PCR-RFLP products were separated by electrophoresis in 2% agarose gel, with DNA stain.
Results: The main causative agents were yeasts in 12 cases (24%). Candida albicans was the most commonly isolated yeast species followed by Candida parapsilosis (6%), and Candida glabrata (4 %).
Conclusion: PCR-RFLP method using ITS1-ITS4 primers and MspI restriction enzymes is a rapid, accurate and cost-effective method for specific diagnosis of the most prevalent candida spp. Its ability to detect low amounts of fungal DNA in patient samples in 6-8 hours could be useful for clinical laboratories for optimal management of these infections.
Azam Fattahi, Ensieh Lotfali, Sayna Iranpanah, Yasaman Rezaee, Reza Ghasemi,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (Volume 11, No 1 2020)
Abstract
Superficial dermatophytoses are among the most common infectious disease. The most commonly used antifungal categories reazoles, polyenes and echinocandins. Due to the limited number of available antifungal drugs, toxicity and the emergence of resistant (intrinsic or acquired) strains, antifungal strategy needs to be developed. Recently the researchers try to find alternative antifungal agents. This review emphasizes the action and resistance mechanisms to antifungal drugs, the search for new agents, drug- resistant genes, and the application of combination therapy and immunomodulators (using cytokines and gamma interferon which can provide novel insights to fighting fungal infections). A comprehensive review study was performed using the keywords including Candida, antifungal drugs and drug resistance in valid medical databases, mainly PubMed. Articles that were most relevant to the purposes of the study were selected and studied. Problems with antifungal resistance and the emergence of resistant strains of fungal has produced an enormous demand for new antifungal agents. The clinical complexity of patients with resistant mycoses prevents an easy approach to the detection, prevention, and management of antifungal drug resistance. Continuing investigation will illustrate the role of susceptibility testing for resistant mycoses and on clinical strategies used to fighting antifungal drug resistance in pathogenic fungi.
Ensieh Lotfali, Zahra Cheraghi, Yasamin Farzaneh, Zakieh Dehbashi, Mahtab Dorrian, Mahyar Keymaram, Azam Fattahi,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (Volume 12, No 2 2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Onychomycosis is an infection caused by yeast, filamentous and non-filamentous fungi, due to diverse conditions. This study aimed to investigate the pattern of azole susceptibility of candidate species isolated from Iranian patients in Tehran.
Methods: After sampling from patients, identification of the isolated strains were performed with Candida chrom agar medium and PCR-sequencing test. Drug Susceptibility pattern of the species to fluconazole, itraconazole and ketoconazole were determined by CLSI-M27-A3/S4 standard method.
Results: In this study, 34 candidate isolates were identified, of which 26 isolates (76.5%) were Candida albicans and 8 isolates (23.5%) were Candida glabrata. In fluconazole, 4 (11%) of the isolates were dose-dependent sensitive and the others were sensitive. In itraconazole, 21 (61%) dose-dependent isolates and 2 (5%) resistant isolates were identified, and in ketoconazole, all isolates were sensitive. The geometric mean (GM) of the minimum inhibitory concentration for fluconazole, itraconazole and ketoconazole was 0.32, 0.21 and 0.15 μg/mL, respectively. In this study, the most frequently isolated species was C. albicans. According to the GM values, the most effective azoles was ketoconazole.
Conclusion: The prevalence and pattern of susceptibility of Candida species to azole may vary in different populations of patients. Therefore, it is recommended that the clinicians pay attention to the results of drug susceptibility tests and then treat patients by considering drug interactions and side effects.
Afsarolmoluk Hadadian, Azin Ayatollahi, Akram Miraminmohammadi, Mahshid Shahrzadkavkani, Alireza Firooz, Ensieh Lotfali, Mahsa Fattahi,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (Volume 12, No 3 2021)
Abstract
Introduction: Dermatophytosis are micro-organisms which can lead to skin diseases. In rare occasions they can have atypical skin manifestations, which could result in delay in diagnosis.
Case Report: A 20-year-old Iranian boy was referred to our center with a 5-month history of circular, symmetrical, itchy crusted skin lesions on his groin. Direct microscopy, culture test and PCR-sequencing of ITS regions of the rDNA gene were conducted and showed T. indotinea as the causative agent. Based on antifungal susceptibility test oral pulse therapy with itraconazole 100 mg twice daily for 1 week combined with topical clotrimazole cream for 1 month was initiated, which cleared the lesions.
Conclusion: This case report is of significance since T. indotinea produces atypical skin lesions, as well as, multidrug resistance to antifungal agents.
Seyedesaba Sharifzadeh, Ensieh Lotfali, Nargol Novin, Shayan Norouzi, Farinaz Azizi,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (Volume 13, No 1 2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Oral lichen planus is a chronic
muco-cutaneous immunopathological disorder that commonly affects the oral mucosa. Candida albicans is the most common pathogen associated with oral candidiasis. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of 810 nm low power laser wavelength as an adjuvant in the treatment of
nystatin-resistant C.albicans in patients with oral lichen planus.
Methods: In this experimental study, 5 nystatin-resistant C.albicans were isolated from the oral cavity of patients with ulcerative lichen planus. Drug susceptibility testing was performed based on CLSI-M27-A3 and showed that these isolates were resistant to nystatin. The fungal suspension with a dilution of 0.5 McFarland was exposed to a diode laser with a wavelength of 810 nm and a density energy of 20.38 j / cm with a time of 20 seconds. Then the results of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were recorded for each group.
Results: 810 nm laser caused a significant reduction in nystatin-resistant C.albicans colonies (P<0.001). The MIC did not decrease significantly after the exposure.
Conclusion: Laser irradiation reduces the number of nystatin-resistant C.albicans colonies. But this effect does not necessarily change the MIC. Dentists should be aware that in cases of resistant Candida strains, a low-power diode laser with a wavelength of 810 nm can play a role in reducing colonies and responding better to standard treatment.
Ensieh Lotfali, Adel Shirani, Sina Molavizade, Sa’adat Shojaei,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (Volume 13, No 1 2022)
Abstract
Onychomycosis is a nail infection caused by dermatophyte and non-dermatophyte molds and yeasts. The nail involvement is a feature of psoriasis, although skin manifestations are the most principal findings in psoriasis. Onychomycosis and psoriasis are both common disorders in communities. It is possible that in some patients these two diseases are present at the same time. A review was performed using the keywords including nail psoriasis, onychomycoses, dermatophytes, non-dermatophyte molds and yeasts in valid medical databases, such as PubMed, Google scholar, Scopus and Science direct. Articles that were most relevant to the purpose of the study were selected and studied. We investigated the incidence and pathogenic function of fungal agents in causing fungal infections in psoriasis nails.
Ensieh Lotfali, Mahsa Fattahi,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (Volume 13, No 2 2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Oral candidiasis is a common opportunistic disease of oral cavity particularly in neonates because of Candida overgrowth. Colonization of infant’s oral mucosa with Candida species is the primary stage for invasive candidiasis. The aim of the present study was to determine the association of risk factors and oral candidiasis.
Methods: specimens were obtained from 70 infants who were suspected of having candidiasis, using the swabs samples were taken from the cheek, mucosa, tongue and palate surfaces. Specimens were assessed by routine mycological and molecular approaches. Results were statistically analyzed using the SPSS v16 software
Results: From 70 infants, 50 species of Candida were isolated. The results showed that the incidence of oral candidiasis in infants was pointedly associated to type of delivery (normal/ cesarean), mode of nourishing (breast milk, milk powder, both of them), use of antibiotic medications, and use of milk flask. There was no significant relationship among pacifier and age.
Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that there is a significant relationship between the incidence of oral candidiasis in newborns with type of delivery, breastfeeding, no use of milk jars and antibiotic use. Therefore, the presence of candida in the vagina of the pregnant mothers can cause the baby to develop candidiasis during birth.
Hossein Sharifi, Ensieh Lotfali,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (Volume 14, No 3 2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Considering the increase of dermatophytosis trough the Iran and world as well, especially ringworm of the body and groin due to terbinafine-resistant species and the high speed of disease transmission, in order to choose the appropriate treatment, considering the time required for the treatment of the disease and early detection of resistant cases treatment is required. The present study was conducted to determine the antifungal sensitivity of Trichophyton rubrum, Microsporum canis and Epidermophyton flucosum strains to common antifungal drugs.
Methods: Antifungal sensitivity test (broth microdilution) was performed for 20 specimens obtained from patients according to CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute) M38-3rd ED protocol, for terbinafine, itraconazole and voriconazole.
Results: According to the antifungal susceptibility test results, 5 patients were resistant to terbinafine and showed a minimum inhibitory concentration more than 2, 3 patients were tolerant to terbinafine and showed a minimum inhibitory concentration between 0.5 and 1. Based on the results of the antifungal susceptibility test, 7 patients were tolerant to itraconazole and showed the minimum inhibitory concentration between 0.5 and 1. All isolates responded well to voriconazole.
Conclusion: The results of the antifungal sensitivity test highlight the importance of mycological tests on dermatophytic skin lesions to prevent the spread of drug-resistant species.
