Journal of

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Background and Aim: The correlation between diseases and psychiatric problems had been evaluated recently. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of skin diseases in patients in psychiatric department of Yahya-Nejad Hospital in Babol, North of Iran, in 2008.
Methods: This cross sectional study was performed on 250 patients hospitalized in psychiatric department of Yahya-Nejad Hospital in Babol. They were examined by a dermatologist and laboratory examinations (skin smear and biopsy) were done if needed. Then a questionnaire including information about sex, age, job, past medical history and history of addiction, major stress, general appearance, psycological problems, previous and new dermatological diseases and treatment protocols was completed for every patient. Data were analyzed by SPSS 11 and P<0.05 was significant.
Results: Among two hundred and fifty patients (109 male and 141 female) with psychological problems, 166 patients had dermatologic diseases. Sixty six were male and 100 cases were female. Major depression and obsessive-compulsive disorders had highest frequency in psychologic disorders. Seventy patients had treated their skin disorders.There was a significant relationship between stressors in the last six months with eczema, lichen simplex chronicus, acne, and rosacea. Correlations between schizophrenia and herpes simplex labialis (P=0.02), and PTSD with pediculosis were significant (P=0.004).

Conclusion: Dermatological disorders are associated with a variety of psychological problems that can affect patients. Increased understanding of biopsychosocial approches and laision among physicians, psychiatrists and dermatologists can be very useful and highly beneficial.

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The International Association of Cosmetic dermatology has been founded to promote dermatologists and estheticians knowledge. Annual congresses are held by this association. The 12^th congress was hold on 4-6 May 2017 in Bangalura. In that event many topics were presented including cosmetic procedures, lasers, PRP, dyspigmented diseases among others. A combination of dermatologic diseases and cosmetic modalities were the interesting point in this event.

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Introduction: Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare benign breast disease. The importance of this disease relies on its similar clinical manifestation to those of mammary carcinoma and a group of mastitis with other causes.

Case Report: The patient was a 32-year-old woman, that suddenly got fever, pain and swelling in left breast. In examination several masses were felt. Performed core needle biopsy reported IGM.

Conclusion: Similarity of clinical presentations and diagnostic tests to the other kinds of mastitis and malignancies may lead to misdiagnosis and mistreatment, which imposes socioeconomic and psychological burden to patients.

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Background and Aim: The purpose of the present study was to asses a the effect of self-healing education on self compassion, body image, concern and improvement of disease process in women with skin cancer.

Methods: A quasi-experimental research with pre-test, post-test and follow up with control group was conducted. The population included all women with skin cancer referring to Shahid Rahimi Hospital in Khorramabad city during 2018to2019. Thirthy four volunteers were selected and randomly assignes into two  experimental and control groups (each group sequential included 16-18 people). All participants in the experimental and control group completed the self-compassion questionnaire, body image concern and clinical data on cancer course as a pretest. Education of self-healing therapy was performed for 12 sessions of 90 minutes on the experimental group, but the control group did not receive the intervention. At the end for both groups, the post-test was performed and follow up was done up to two months. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 19.

Results: Self-healing approach increased self-compassion including: self-kindness, correct judgment, common humanity sense, mindfulness (P<0/01) and decreased body image concern, isolation and over identification (P<0/05) levels in women with skin cancer. Although self-healing education affected improvement process in skin cancer but this effectwas not statistically significant.

Conclusion: Self-healing approach improves self-compassion and reduces body image concern in women with skin cancer.

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Since the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic on December 2019, challenges on economic, political, social, hygiene- therapeutic and life style have emerged in many countries. Many researches are investigating on virus characteristics and its behavior and also preventive and therapeutic measures. Despite the virus not being dermatotropic, several skin manifestations have been observed. In this review, overall informations on this viral infection with focus on skin manifestations are presented.

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COVID-19 is nowadays a pandemic disease. It affects various aspects of human life including physical and mental health and also socio-economic situations. In this review, we attempt to present a brief selection of abundant published papers about pathogenesis, skin manifestations, treatment challenges in different conditions and prevention.

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In this issue, the third article about COVID-19 is published. It consists of the most beneficial and new findings after the previous issue. It has been attempted to explain different aspects of SARS-Cov2 infection and its effects on human social and personal aspects .Nowadays manuscripts on present pandemic are showery and ongoing published. Therefore it is not possible to review all of them, however the authors have done all their best to select and present the most important.

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The fourth paper of review article series about COVID-19 includes a selection of interesting and useful information about this disease and dermatology. This paper contains materials published in literature in various basic fields such as epidemiology, pathogenesis, as well as clinical topics such as symptoms and treatments. The skin manifestations of COVID-19, the challenges of treating skin diseases and dermatoses caused by the virus have also been reviewed.

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The sixth article of COVID-19 review series is published while the virus is invading the world. In this issue, lastest findings about skin manifestations of this disease, skin diseases course, also diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 and skin reactions due to vaccines are presented.

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Although skin manifestations of COVID-19 were reported later than major organs affected, but it seems that they have gained relatively defined and definite described patterns. Regardless of strength and quantity of published papers and reports of rare cases, generally reported cutaneous manifestations are similar. However affection of vairous nail lesions have been mentioned recently. Even though no skin finding is recognized as specific, this does not mean not to look for and describe skin and nail changes. Common skin findings could be observed in many cutaneous diseases. In this issue, we decided to review literature about nail apparatus affected by COVID-19.

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The COVID-19 pandemic is still present and we are directly or indirectly affected by it. The skin is one of the organs that has some manifestations not only during the course of the disease, but also long after recovery and also after vaccination. Hair is one of the parts that, like the skin, may show disorders during and after recovery of the infection and also after vaccination. In this issue, we aimed to provide an overview of the effects of COVID-19 and vaccination on hair. We also express the instrumental role of hair in the study of other diseases, including psychological problems.

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Introduction: Tinea incognito is a localized skin infection caused by a fungus. Due to the use of corticosteroids, the shape and severity of the lesion are different from the usual skin manifestations by dermatophytes.

Background and Aim: A 39-year-old female with history of erythematous, scaly skin lesions on her hands, buttock, inguinal and both legs for 7 months referred to clinician, who prescribed Calamine-D and hydrocortisone without any treatment and clobetazole was recomended. She self-continued clobetazole. This case highlight the importance of mycological test in case of atypical skin lesions to choose an appropriate treatment and avoiding to spread of drug resistance species.

Methods: Regarding to history of patient, the mycological test (Direct Microscopy and culture) was made. In direct microscopy and culture mycelia of dermatophyte species was seen.

Results: In our case steroid discontinued and she was treated with oral terbinafine 250 mg once a day for 4 weeks in combination with topical clotrimazole cream.

Conclusion: the prescription of topical/oral corticosteroids should still be limited and take a caution until confirmation of diagnosis, particularly since the use of steroids during COVID 19.

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Introduction: Darrier disease is a genodermatoses evolving more in adolescence and appears mostly in seborrheic areas. Because of the absence of typical lesions and other diseases appearing in these areas, diagnosis of darrier may be delayed
 

Case report: A 46 year-old woman came with inguinal, asymptomatic lesions lesions since 3 years ago. The report of biopsy which was taken, showed findings compatible with Darrier disease. Oral isotretinoin initiated with good response after 2 months.
 

Conclusion: In intertriginous areas, some less common diseases may be mis diagnosed as other more common and similar diseases.

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Background and Aim: Recently, many Iranian companies have started manufacturing hyaluronic acid based dermal fillers. Current review aimed to assess and compare the clinical safety and efficacy of 5 Iranian hyaluronic acid based dermal fillers.
Methods: The first part of the study reported, the overall safety and efficacy of 5 Iranian hyaluronic acid based dermal fillers for improvement of nasolabial folds in 150 participants (age 44.30±9.97 years) using clinical and objectives assessment methods. In the second part, we performed a comparative study among 5 tested dermal fillers.
Results: Generally, at weeks 2, 12, and 24, 80.6%, 63.3%, and 60.66% of the participants, showed one grade or more improvement in the severity of nasolabial folds respectively. In all visits, the nasolabial folds biophysical parameters as well as the echo density dermis improved significantly compared to baseline. In comparative study, two fillers with the hyaluronic acid concentration of 24 mg/ml, showed the best objective efficacy, while in clinical evaluations, the filler containing mannitol has the best performance in reducing the severity of nasolabial folds showed.
Conclusion: Iranian hyaluronic acid based dermal fillers showed different levels of safety and efficacy for improvement of moderate to severe nasolabial folds, with efficacy.

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Itch is one of the commonest complaints of patients of patients in skin clinics. Chronic itch is defined itch lasting more than 6 weeks, which suffers the patients and significantly reduces their quality of life. In this review, we explain pathogenesis and available treatments as a whole. In addition, we summarize pathogenesis and therapeutic options of some common conditions with chronic pruritus, except eczema, such as chronic kidney disease, cholestasis.

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Development of janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi), has significantly modified treatment of various dermatological conditions by targeting essential pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Despite therapeutic potentials of these drugs, concerns about safety appeared soon postmarketing consumption. Therefore implementing strong studies to evaluate their safety and efficacy became mandatory. Many studies have been done up to now focusing on JAKi’s serious or acceptable side effects, however, they are often retrospective or have short follow up. Due to importance of JAKi’s role in the treatment of many skin diseases, we decided to present a review on the main points of recent studies, particularly systematic reviews and clinical trials regarding serious side effects.