Showing 3 results for Shirkavand
Nasrin Zand, Afshan Shirkavand,
Volume 6, Issue 4 (Volume 6, Number 4 2016)
Abstract
Postsurgical scars are of significant concern to both the patients and surgeons. Different laser systems have been used to accelerate and improve the healing process in surgical scars. Some studies have demonstrated the benefits of prophylactic laser application on pre-scars. It seems that using laser energy in the early phase of the healing process may produce changes in the physiology of wound healing toward a more fetal-like tissue regeneration and healing. Laser-Assisted Skin Healing (LASH) is a new approach in which laser irradiation is applied immediately after surgery in order to improve the resulting surgical scars. LASH produces controlled homogenous heating throughout the full thickness of the skin around the wound which accelerates wound healing without thermal damage to the tissue.
The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the available peer-reviewed research literature on the application of LASH, the in-vitro, animal and human studies and the suggested mechanisms of action. Further studies are necessary to optimize the best laser parameters especially according to different skin phototypes and better understanding of the mechanisms of action.
Sepehr Bazrafkan, Afshan Shirkavand, Elaheh Nahvifard,
Volume 16, Issue 3 (Volume 16, No 3 2025)
Abstract
Cutaneous warts are among the most common benign skin lesions and, due to their high prevalence, risk of infection, and cosmetic concerns, they remain a frequent focus of clinical attention. Among the available treatment modalities, cryotherapy is widely used as a first-line option owing to its simplicity, low cost, and high success rate. However, the optimal choice of probe temperature and freeze duration still largely relies on clinical experience, and uncertainties in tissue thermal parameters may result in incomplete treatment or unintended damage to surrounding healthy tissue.
In this study, a numerical model was developed to investigate the temperature distribution within human skin during the cryotherapy of warts. The model is based on the radial heat-conduction equation and incorporates temperature-dependent thermophysical properties of human skin as reported by Agafonkina et al. (2021). Simulations were performed for a range of probe surface temperatures between -30 °C and -70 °C, and the temporal evolution of the wart center temperature was examined until it reached the cellular destruction threshold. The results indicate that lowering the probe temperature accelerates the freezing process; however, below approximately -55 °C, this enhancement becomes saturated and the risk of collateral tissue damage increases. Based on the obtained optimization map, the optimal probe temperature was found to lie within the interval -45 to -55 °C, for which the wart core reaches the critical temperature (-20°C) within 5 to 8 seconds. Comparison with clinical data demonstrates that the developed numerical model can serve as an effective tool for predicting and optimizing cryotherapy parameters, thereby improving treatment precision and reducing the likelihood of clinical error.
Maryam Kazemi, Fedora Khatibi, Shaghayegh Nasr, Afshan Shirkavand, Leila Ataie Fashtami,
Volume 16, Issue 3 (Volume 16, No 3 2025)
Abstract
Antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation is emerging as a non‑antibiotic strategy for treating infected wounds, particularly those harboring multidrug‑resistant bacteria. aPDI relies on a photosensitizer that, when illuminated with an appropriate wavelength, generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cause rapid, non‑specific damage to microbial membranes, proteins and nucleic acids. Effective photosensitizers combine high quantum yield to penetrate both Gram‑positive and Gram‑negative organisms, while light sources such as LEDs or lasers provide precise control of irradiance and tissue penetration. Clinical investigations have demonstrated that aPDI, alone or in combination with low‑dose antibiotics or growth factors, can reduce bacterial load in chronic wounds by up to 84 % and accelerate healing. Current challenges include limited light penetration, optimal dosing, and potential phototoxicity, emerging solutions involve nanocarrier‑delivered photosensitizers, oxygen‑releasing dressings, and ultrasound‑mediated activation to enhance efficacy and safety.
