Showing 27 results for Cancer
Mohammd Ebrahimzade Ardakani, Mohammad Akhavan Tafti, Najme Dehghanizade,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (10-2014)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Malignant melanoma is a rare and most malignant type of skin cancer which is originated from melanocytes. It is capable of infiltrating into interior organs and could cause mortality. The aim of this study is to analyze the survival of patients with malignant melanoma according to their age, gender, mitosis count, tumor thickness, level of lymphocyte infiltration, tumor location and the stage of the tumor.
Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical study which has been done on, the data of 61 patients with malignant melanoma registered in pathology laboratory of Shahid Sadoughi hospital, Yazd. A questionnaire was used to collect the data via phone call, examining pathology slides and reviewing patients information.
Results: The average survival time was 61.09±6.12 months.The mean age of the patients was 67.9±6.0 with the range of 18 to 89 years. Stage Ι had the best and stage ΙΙΙ and VΙ had the worst prognosis. The best survival rate was seen in malignant melanomas located on trunk, head and neck. Malignant melanoma of extremities had the worst prognosis. There was a statistically significant relationship between survival rate and stage (P=0.033) as well as the location of the tumor (P=0.0421).
Conclusion: The survival of patients with malignant melanoma in Yazd had a statistically significant relationship with stage and the location of tumor but there was no significant relationship with mitosis count, gender, age, tumor depth and lymphocyte infiltration.
Maryam Mirzaei, Saeid Razi, Mahshid Ghoncheh, Abdollah Mohammadian Hafshejani, Hamid Salehiniya,
Volume 5, Issue 4 (1-2015)
Abstract
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Background and Aim: Skin
cancer is the most common cancer in the world, which is associated with
mortality, mortality and health care costs. Planning prevention and control
of this cancer, information about its incidence rates and incidence trends is
necessary. The present study aimed to determine the incidence rates and
trends of skin cancer in Tehran.
Methods: In this
cross-sectional study, necessary data were extracted from the Cancer
Registry, Ministry of Health and Medical Education between 2003 and 2008. Age
- and sex -standardized incidence rates were calculated and the incidence
rate trends were determined.
Results: Between 2003 and
2008, 7429 skin cancer cases were recorded, of which 4807 were men and 2622
were women. Skin cancer incidence had an increasing trend in Tehran and its
incidence rate has increased from 8.99 in women and 11.52 in men in 2003 to
18.03 in women and 28.16 in men in 2008, respectively. In addition, incidence
of skin cancer was increased with aging in both men and women. The incidence
rate was higher in men than women.
Conclusion: Skin cancer
incidence in Tehran is increasing, which could be due to population aging,
environmental risk factors, and changes in life style. More comprehensive
research is suggested to investigate the risk factors for this cancer in
Tehran.
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Afagh Kazemi, Omid Eskandari, Mohammad Karimi,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (4-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Skin cancer is one of the most common human cancers. Its incidence rate trend is increasing in Iran. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence, incidence rate and geographical distribution of skin cancer to identify the high risk areas in Kurdistan province, Iran.
Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the collected data were analyzed using version 16 of SPSS software, and t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for comparison of the means. The distribution map of skin cancer in the province was prepared using Geographic Information System (GIS) software, version 9.3 between the beginning of 2006 and the end of 2010. In order to investigate the reason for high rates of skin cancer in some cities, ultraviolet (UV) radiation distribution map was also prepared.
Results: Sanandaj with 17.55/100000 had the highest and SarvAbad with 3.73/100000 had the lowest incidence rates. The number of male patients (542) was nearly two times of female cases (324), (P<0.0001). In addition, skin cancer was about two times more prevalent in urban (%68.01) than rural (%31.99) residents (P=0.008).
Conclusion: Life style of men and their sun exposure because of their job seemed to be a major risk factor in increasing the incidence of skin cancer in Kurdistan province, Iran. There was no correlation between the skin cancer incidence at the district level and UV index. Further research is recommended to explain this finding.
Mahshid Ghoncheh, Fatemeh Koohi, Hamid Salehiniya,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (7-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Skin cancer is the most common cancer in the Iran. The first step in planning for the prevention and treatment of cancers is collecting information about their incidence and trends. The present study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of skin cancer and its trend in southern Iran.
Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted by analyzing the existing data obtained from the National Cancer Registry System in Iran. The data included all records of skin cancer cases in southern Iran. Then, the incidence rates were standardized using direct method. The data were demonstrated in frequency tables and Cochrane-Armitage test for linear trend was used for evaluation of the incidence trend.
Results: Skin cancer had a high incidence in the southern provinces of Iran. A total of 6230 cases of skin cancer during 6 years (2003-2008) were recorded in those provinces and the incidence rate of skin cancer was increasing (P=0.001). In all years of the study, skin cancer incidence was higher in males than women. In terms of frequency, Fars, Khuzestan, Bushehr and Hormozgan provinces had the highest age-standardized incidence.
Conclusion: Considering the high incidence of skin cancer and its relationship to sun exposure, educating people on the correct sun protection, educating and empowering physicians and the people about early detection of skin cancers seems to be important in preventing its increasing trend.
Fatemeh Valipoori Goodarzi, Javad Haddadnia, Maryam Hashemiyan,
Volume 6, Issue 4 (1-2016)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Malignant melanoma is one of the most dangerous types of skin cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate Spatial Thermographic Imaging (STI) in differentiating benign from malignant skin lesions.
Methods: One-hundred and ten STI images were taken from the volunteers who had lesions being suspected for malignant melanoma. Benignity or malignancy of lesions was determined according to the changes detected in tissue using texture filters. The STI data were compared with histopathology results.
Results: Out of 110 investigated patients with STI, three cases of malignant melanoma were found. Two cases were in men and the other one was in a woman. Accuracy of STI in diagnosis of malignant melanoma was 98%.
Conclusion: STI may potentially be used as a non-invasive method for the detecting skin malignant melanoma.
Foroughossadat Ghasemzadeh, Kobra Etminani, Ali Arab-Kheradmand, Seyed Benyamin Hosseini Moini, ,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (4-2017)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer (NMSC), including squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common cancer in Iran. This study aimed to infer implicit information in the cases of NMSC patients referred to the Cancer Institute of Tehran.
Methods: A number of 865 cases of NMSC related to 2007-2015 years were selected from the archives of Cancer Institute using simple random sampling method. Initially, epidemiological variables, were extracted and after preprocessing of the data, descriptive statistics were used to classify and graphic display of information.
Results: The mean age for patients was identified 65 years and the highest and lowest numbers of cases were in age groups of 69-60 and 19-10 years respectively. The incidence of SCC was higher than BCC in the first four age decades and this trend was reversed in the next decades. About 56% of cases were BCC and 44% were SCC and frequency of NMSC in men was 2/33 times more than women. The head/neck and trunk were the highest and lowest involved positions. The disease had relapsed at least twice in 32% of cases. The disease history showed that most of patients were previously affected by kinds of cancers, cardiovascular or metabolic diseases. The occupation of 114 patients was found to be as high-risk jobs. Most patients were referred to Cancer Institute from northern and western parts of the country.
Conclusion: Along with other studies, we found more cases of BCC than SCC, involvement of patients over 60 years at the head-neck and a previous history of cancer. But against other studies, SCC cases was found more in the first four decades of life than BCC cases, feet affected twice than hands and the locality of most cases was found in high latitudes. Patient records are potential resources that can help management of the diseases.
Robabeh Abedini, Vahide Lajevardi, Azadeh Goodarzi,
Volume 8, Issue 3 (10-2017)
Abstract
Nowadays, in modern medicine, there is a great tendency to use non invasive or less invasive diagnostic and therapeutic methods with high precision and effectiveness. This is also true about diagnosis and treatment of non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs), that the prototypes are basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) which also considered as the most common human cancers. Therefore, in this review, we present the value and diagnostic features of the dermoscopy (as an emerging and growing non-invasive dermatological evaluation tool) for approaching to NMSC. It is hoped that this study will be an infrastructure for the ever-increasing use of dermoscopy in evaluation of skin cancers, especially NMSCs.
Ahmad Jafari, Nafiseh Esmaeili, Shamsolmoulouk Najafi, Hanie Emami Razavi,
Volume 8, Issue 4 (1-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Oral cancer as the most common cancer of head and neck region holds the eighth rank among all cancers in order of prevalence. More than 90% of oral cancers are of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The main objective of this study is the determination of the survival rate in patients with oral SCC and the factors influencing thereon.
Methods: In this study, 174 recorded cases of patients with oral SCC were evaluated. Required data on survival of patients were gathered by phone calls. Using software SPSS 20, the statistical analysis of data was carried out. The survival rate of the patients and the corresponding influential factors were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression tests, respectively.
Results: 57.6% of the patients were male. The age of the patients ranged between 22-89 years with the average onset age of 61.5 years. The most common site of oral SCC was tongue. The overall five-year survival rate of the patients was 49.4%±0.05. The survival rate had a statistically significant relation with age of the patients and their treatment methods, including surgery or chemotherapy.
Conclusion: The prevalence of oral SCC is higher in men and overall survival rate decreases with increasing age of the patients. Due to the low survival rate of oral cancer patients, more attentions should be paid to this condition.
Leyla Miranzadeh, Fathollah Gholami Borujeni,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (4-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Skin cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world, and in many parts of Iran is ranked first to second in number. However, its epidemiology has not been reviewed and studies are limited in Kashan city. This study was conducted to determine the frequency of skin cancers in this city.
Methods: Data were collected using recorded data in Pathology Laboratory of Kashan University of Medical Sciences during years 2009 to 2017. UV index (UV-I) data over the period (2009-2017) were obtained from well-known meteorological sites. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-square test and MANOVA) using SPSS software version 16.
Results: Skin cancers totally constituted 26.4% of all cancers in Kashan during 2009-2017. 79% of them were basocellular type. Frequenty of spinoscellular and malignant melanoma were 16% and 3%, respectively. The mean age of patients with skin cancers was 48 years. Men showed higher incidence base cellular of cancer than women. The long-term survey of the UV index in the Kashan city showed that in eight months of the year, it was higher than 6 (high to high risk).
Conclusion: Skin cancer is one of the most common cancers in the city of Kashan, especially in men. Educational programs should be developed and conducted to prevent and reduce risk of skin cancer among residents in this city.
Keyvan Ezimand, Ataolah Abdolahi Kakroodi, Mohammad Javanbakht,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (4-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Environmental and climatic conditions in different geographical areas provide the basis for certain diseases. Skin cancer is one of the most common types of cancer, with a different incidence rate in geographical areas. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of climate and environmental factors on skin cancer and to map the geographical distribution of skin cancer in Iran.
Methods: This study was performed using data of patients with skin cancer, population and data of climatic and environmental factors that affect skin cancer incidence. In this study, after calculating the incidence of skin cancer rate for the whole country, we used the Geographically Weighted Regression model to establish a regression relationship between climate and environmental data and the incidence of skin cancer. The coefficient of detection between the map of incidence of skin cancer and its model map was calculated.
Results: Correlation coefficients showed that sun UV and relative humidity had the highest positive and negative correlation with the incidence of skin cancer, respectively. The southern, eastern and central regions of Iran had the highest incidence of skin cancer rate and the northern and northwestern coasts of Iran had the lowest incidence rate. Validating of actual incidence rate map and the modeled incidence rate map indicated a coefficient of detection of 0.71.
Conclusion: All of the climate and environmental parameters in this study contributed to in the incidence of skin cancer.
Ali Sadeghi Urmia, Babak Barati, Javid Taghinejad,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (7-2018)
Abstract
Cancer is a genetic condition. Some cancers are inherited, but most are caused by mutations in somatic cells. The cause of these mutations is inherent error in the transcription of DNA or exposure to carcinogens. Malignant melanoma is the most serious type of skin cancer which develops from pigment-containing cells known as melanocytes. The most potent risk factors for melanoma is the presence of multiple benign moles or abnormal spots, and family history of melanoma. Metastasis is a complex multi-stage process that results in development of secondary malignant growths and the spread of cancer cells to other areas of the body leading to patient’s death. Melanoma metastases are mainly to the lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and central nervous system. The aim of this article is to review the mechanisms of development and metastasis of melanoma by searching database such as SID, Google Scholar, American Electronic Library,Springer and PubMed.
Sara Hashemi, Aliakbar Yahyaee,
Volume 9, Issue 3 (10-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Skin cancer is the most common malignancy in the world with high morbidity. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of stress inoculation training on quality of life and life expectancy in patients with skin cancer.
Methods: This research was a semi experimental study with pre test - post test - follow up assessment in experimental and control group. The study population consisted of all male patients with skin cancer at Negah Clinic Center in Saveh during the year 2017. Thirty patients were recruited by randomization followed by random allocation dividing them into two groups of 15 subjects. The training included 6 weekly sessions and subjects were asked to fill quality of life and life expectancy questionnaires both at the beginning and end of the coarse. Data was analyzed using ANOVA with repeated measure.
Results: There was a significant difference in life expectancy between the experimental group and control group (P<%001). Furthermore, similar significant difference was found between two groups regarding quality of life.
Conclusion: Stress inoculation training can be used as a valuable and practical intervention in patients with skin cancer,which leads to a significant improvement both in quality of life and life expectancy.
Mozhgan Soltani, Zohre Latifi, Shokoofe Moosavi,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (1-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The purpose of the present study was to asses a the effect of self-healing education on self compassion, body image, concern and improvement of disease process in women with skin cancer.
Methods: A quasi-experimental research with pre-test, post-test and follow up with control group was conducted. The population included all women with skin cancer referring to Shahid Rahimi Hospital in Khorramabad city during 2018to2019. Thirthy four volunteers were selected and randomly assignes into two experimental and control groups (each group sequential included 16-18 people). All participants in the experimental and control group completed the self-compassion questionnaire, body image concern and clinical data on cancer course as a pretest. Education of self-healing therapy was performed for 12 sessions of 90 minutes on the experimental group, but the control group did not receive the intervention. At the end for both groups, the post-test was performed and follow up was done up to two months. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 19.
Results: Self-healing approach increased self-compassion including: self-kindness, correct judgment, common humanity sense, mindfulness (P<0/01) and decreased body image concern, isolation and over identification (P<0/05) levels in women with skin cancer. Although self-healing education affected improvement process in skin cancer but this effectwas not statistically significant.
Conclusion: Self-healing approach improves self-compassion and reduces body image concern in women with skin cancer.
Pegah Abbasi, Maryam Peymani, Dariush Farhud, Hamidreza Mahmoudi, Kamran Ghaedi,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (8-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Considering the high global incidence of skin cancer and the high mortality rate caused by melanoma, it is important to identify the genes involved in this disease and predict effective drugs. Therefore, in this study, we have identified and investigated the expression level of effective and key genes in melanoma metastasis, as well as investigating their diagnostic potential as biological markers and finding effective drugs on the expression of these genes.
Methods: In this study, we have used 46 cancer samples without metastasis and 12 cancer samples with metastasis from the GEO database and from the GSE15605 study with 74 samples including 16 normal samples. Gene expression profile in this study was generated by GPL570 platform containing 54675 probes. The latest GPL570 annotation file has been downloaded and initial processing was done.
Results: The results showed that the expression level of candidate genes in metastasis samples had a significant change compared to normal samples. The results of analysing the data related to candidate genes in this study indicated that the drugs Glucosamine, Ad-E2F-1 plus Doxorubicn, GSI, Torcetrapib, Ribavirin and NSC319726 could be effective on the expression of MYH10, SPRR3 and TOP2A genes, respectively. On the other hand, the results from the drug bank database revealed that various drugs such as Amsacrine, Dexrazoxane, Valrubicin, Teniposide can have an inhibitory role on the TOP2A gene.
Conclusion: GEO database was used to identify key genes in melanoma metastasis and DRUGBANK was used to identify drugs that affect the expression of these genes.
Fatemeh Yazdani Hamid,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (8-2022)
Abstract
Skin cancers are highly prevalent malignancies that affect millions of people worldwide. These include melanomas and nonmelanoma skin cancers. Melanomas are among the most dangerous cancers, while nonmelanoma skin cancers generally exhibit a more benign clinical pattern; however, they may sometimes be aggressive and metastatic.
Melanomas typically appear in body regions exposed to the sun, although they may also appear in areas that do not usually get sun exposure. Thus, their development is multifactorial, comprising endogenous and exogenous risk factors. The management of skin cancer depends on the type; it is usually based on surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy. In this respect, oncological treatments have demonstrated some progress in the last years; however, current therapies still present various disadvantages such as little cell specificity, recurrent relapses, high toxicity, and increased costs. Furthermore, the pursuit of novel medications is expensive, and the authorization for their clinical utilization may take 10-15 years. Thus, repositioning of drugs previously approved and utilized for other diseases has emerged as an excellent alternative. In this mini-review, we aimed to provide an updated overview of drugs’ repurposing to treat skin cancer and discuss future perspectives.
Pegah Tamimi, Parham Tamimi, Aliasghar Ghaderi,
Volume 14, Issue 4 (2-2024)
Abstract
Dysregulation of long non-coding RNA may lead to various diseases including cancer. Recently, many lincRNAs have been discovered for their important roles in melanoma, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and basal cell carcinoma (BCC). These long non-coding RNAs are involved in skin cancer cell proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis.
Some long non-coding RNAs are upregulated in Non-melanoma Skin Cancer (NMSC), including PICSAR, PRECSIT, LINC01048, MALAT1, LINC00319, AK144841 in SCC and H19, CASC15, SPRY4-IT in BCC. In contrast, some long non-coding RNAs are down-regulated in SCC, including TINCR, SMRT-2, and LINC00520.
Many non-coding RNAs are specifically expressed in certain tissues or cells, and others are associated with tumor staging, drug resistance, and prognosis. Hence, non-coding RNAs can be used as diagnostic and prognostic tools in skin cancers.
Alireza Mohebipour, Firouz Amani, Mitra Razmi, Masoud Amanzadeh, Mohammad Bahrami,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (8-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world, as well as skin cancer is the most common cancer among human cancers and causes great costs and economic and social harm to society. The increase in skin cancer in our country and also in Ardabil province led us to study the prevalence and epidemiological trend of 10 years of skin cancer in patients referred to the skin clinic in Ardabil 2011-2021.
Methods: In this study, 331 patients had been referred to a dermatology clinic with a diagnosis of skin cancer during 2011 to 2021. The checklists were completed based on the information in their files.
Results: Of all patients, 208 (62.8%) were male, 60.4% from Ardabil, 14.2% were in year 2016 and 46.2% were in the age group of 50-70 years. The mean age of patients was 62.5±14.7 in range 25-96 years. The most common type of skin cancer in the studied samples during ten years was related to BCC with 184 cases (55.6%) and the most studied patients were in grade 3 with 231 patients (69.8%). The most common site of skin cancer with 93 cases (28.1%) was in the nose.
Conclusion: Results showed that the trend of skin cancer in the studied samples similar to the provincial statistics did not have a constant decrease or increase trend and had a fluctuating trend. The incidence of this disease in male clients was about twice that of female clients and most cases were in high grades and BCC type.
Mehdi Mirzaei Alavijeh, Mahin Amini, Farzad Jalilian,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (8-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Skin cancer is one of the most common cancers. Numerous studies have shown the positive effect of using sunscreen creams in preventing skin cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine the inequality in the use of sunscreen cream.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among adults in Kermanshah city. Data was collected using questionnaire by interview. Concentration index and curve were used to quantify and analyze inequality in sunscreen use. The results of adjusted odds ratio and decomposition analysis for sunscreen use were also estimated.
Results: 14.39% used sunscreen. The ratio of use in men was 5.65% and in women was 21.72%. The concentration index for sunscreen use (P<0.001) was 0.344, which indicates the greater concentration of sunscreen use among the rich. The rich groups are 3.72 times more likely to use sunscreen than the poor, and people in the middle class are also 1.48 times more likely to use sunscreen. The highest share of participation in the creation of inequality in sunscreen consumption was achieved by the socio-economic status variable with 61.26%, education level with 13.23% and age with 13.02%.
Conclusion: The focus of health promotion interventions should target groups with low socio-economic status. Men and less educated people should be prioritized in the development and implementation of interventions.
Negar Asghari Hosori, Zeinab Bagheri,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (8-2024)
Abstract
The limitations of common needles in drug delivery, such as pain, infection, and side effects, have become a stimulus to search for more efficient alternatives. Meanwhile, microneedles have brought new hope in skin drug delivery. These microstructures are temporarily placed in the upper layers of the skin and provide a painless and non-invasive way for drugs to pass through the skin barrier. Diversity in the design and ingredients of microneedles allows the release of a wide range of drugs with high efficiency and low side effects. On the other hand, nanomedicines are proposed as an ideal alternative due to the limitations of traditional drugs and the need for more targeted and less detrimental options. Nanomedicines are new drug delivery systems that are designed and produced in nanometer dimensions. These small particles can carry and release drugs directly to the target cells with high precision and efficiency. By reducing side effects and increasing the effectiveness of treatment, nanomedicines can play a key role in improving the quality of treatment for various diseases. Considering the unique advantages of the combination of microneedles and nanomedicines, it is an important issue to investigate different strategies for using these new systems in drug release. In this article, this issue has been investigated as well as the applications of nanomedicine transfer by microneedle in the treatment of diseases and the upcoming challenges of this emerging technology.
Mahdi Mirzaei Alavijeh, Asad Bohrojeh, Hossein Ashtarian, Behrooz Hamzeh, Farzad Jalilian,
Volume 15, Issue 3 (11-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Skin cancer is the most preventable type of cancer. Farmers, due to their work under the sun's ultraviolet radiation, are at a higher risk of developing skin cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine the determinants of skin cancer prevention behaviors in farmers.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among farmers in the rural of Javanroud city in the west of Iran. Information was collected by questionnaire and interview. Data were analyzed in SPSS version 16 statistical software. Crude and adjusted linear regression was used to measure the determinants of skin cancer prevention behaviors.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 36.47 years. Perceived self-efficacy (ß=0.193, P=0.004) and response costs (ß=0.145, P=0.025) were the most important influencing determinants on skin cancer prevention behaviors.
Conclusion: It seems that if the development of interventions to promote skin cancer prevention behaviors among farmers focuses on promoting perceived self-efficacy and reducing response costs, it can seek useful findings in promoting skin cancer prevention behaviors.
