Journal of

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Background and Aim: Today, despite numerous advances in medical sciences, the number of complaints against physicians shows an increasing trend. Studying the causes of these complaints and identify contributing factors may reduce medical litigation. The aim of this study was to assess the reasons of complaints in the field of dermatology and cosmetic.
Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we investigated the medical malpractice records related to dermatology and cosmetics, registered in the office of Forensic Medicine, province of Tehran from 2002 to 2010.
Results: In 63.4%, 35.3%, and 1.2% of cases, verdicts of malpractice, acquittal and closing the file without a verdict, were issued respectively. The most common types of negligence were related to improvidence (63.4%), lack of proficiency (27%), and disregarding of governmental provisions (5.7%). Most frequent causes of complaints were related to scar and darkening of skin after laser therapy (24.4%), dissatisfaction of hair transplantation (19.5%), and complications after injection of filler gels, botollonium toxin, etc (15.8%). Most plaintiffs were women, in their 20s, with a highschool diploma and were housewives. The most frequent age range of the physicians was 30-39 years old and most of them were male.
Conclusion: Considering medical ethics and professionalism, good communication between physician, medical personnel and patient including his entourage, full examination, adequate explanations about therapeutic procedures and possible complications, lack of exaggerating the results of therapy, continuous study and updating medical knowledge, improvement of medical skills and experiments, refrain from dealing with procedures that did not pass its training courses, properly selected patient, take informed concept and innocence may reduce the number of complaints.

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Background and Aim: Patients' complaints against doctors and medical malpractice is one of the most serious and challenging issues in the medical profession. Due to the importance of this issue and the lack of sufficient information about skin and beauty complaints in the medical system. The purpose of this study is to investigate and identify skin and beauty complaints referred to the Tehran Medical System Organization. 

Methods: In this descriptive-analytical and retrospective study, all cases of complaints of medical malpractice in the field of dermatology in the medical system of Tehran province from 2014 to 2019 were reviewed and after collecting information, the data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software (SPSS Statistics 25).

Results: Of the total cases, 1.6% were related to skin and beauty. Most of the plaintiffs were female (79.8%) and single (59.6%). The attending physicians were mostly male (79.8%) and general practitioner (48.1%). The most common type was private medical center (95.2%). The most common complaints were treatment complications (36.7%), most of which were related to the side effects of Botox or fat injections (15.4%) and then laser complications (12.5%). The most common type of negligence was carelessness (30%) and 20.7% of cases were declared negligent. The highest percentage of verdicts was written reprimand and inclusion in the file (42.3%).

Conclusion: Physicians should avoid engaging in unrelated disciplines and unscientific practices. Reducing financial relationships and emphasizing the physician's proper interaction with the patient and adhering to a professional commitment are helpful in preventing complaints.

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Background and Aim: Skin injuries with various causes may lead to legal action. Complaints are referred to specialized authorities such as Razi Hospital, before specialized forensic medicine commission comment. The present study surveyed demography of patients' complaints and initial diagnosis at the time of referral over a period of 6 months.
 

Methods: In this retrospective study, patients referred for initial visit, from Forensic Medicine Office in the September 2018-March 2019, were examined. The patients' complaints at the time of referral and the clinical diagnosis made at the initial examination were recorded. 
 

Results: A total of 220 patients including 176 women (80%) and 44 men (20%) with a mean age of 34.8 years were included. 42 different complaints were documented, including traumatic hair loss with 91 cases (41.4%) - the most common - followed by complications of laser hair removal with 32 cases (14.6%) and filler injections with 16 cases (7.3%). Scarring from trauma, reaction to chemicals during work or accidental contact, rare injuries from various treatments, and even cases of pediculosis (contamination of the accommodation) or zoster (complaint about care in the treatment center), etc. were observed.
 

Conclusion: Traumatic hair loss (mainly due to fight) was the most common complaint. Knowing other cases may expand physicians' awareness regarding the wide range of complaints that can be raised and improve the process of some treatment measures.

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Background and Aim: National studies on the prevalence of skin problems of the Iranian are very limited. The aim of this study was to determine the skin complaints of adult male population.
 

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 1419 men over 35 years from 32 provinces participated by invitation. Demographic information, underlying disease history and presence of skin problems/diseases were collected by dermatologists. The participants were evaluated in terms of the presence of skin complaints (itching, burning, dry skin, redness, scaling, and skin color change); and any skin complaints with type, severity and location. 
 

Results: About one third 31.6% of the Iranian male middle-aged and elderly, had an underlying disease (n=449). High blood pressure, diabetes, and neurological disorders constituted 79.7% of the chronic diseases. In total, n=344 persons (24.2%) were rated as having skin complaint. Most people who had a skin complaint reported more than one skin complaint 75.6% (n=260). The most common skin complaints were related to itching 14.6% (n=207) and dry skin 5.6% (23.3%) in studied population, which were mostly mild 59.3% (n=204) and localize 58.4% (n=201). The use of corticosteroids was stated in 7.2%(n=103) and the most common types of usage was oral 62.1% (n=64). There was significant correlation between skin complaint and occupational exposure (P=0.01); lower education level (P=0.05); corticosteroid usage in general (P<0.001) and both oral (P=0.02) and topical (P<0.001) corticosteroid.
 

Conclusion: Skin complaint is common among middle-aged and elderly Iranian men. The most common skin complaint are mostly mild and localized itching and dry skin.