Showing 6 results for Nanoparticles
Saman Ahmad Nasrollahi, Hesam Alibakhshi,
Volume 4, Issue 4 (12-2013)
Abstract
The use of sunscreens should also be recommended in order to work against all kind of ultarviolet (UV)-induced skin damage such as photoallergies, skin wrinkles, sunburn or even skin cancer. Sunscreens contain chemical filters (organic absorb regularly UVB radiation) and physical filters (e.g., TiO2 and ZnO). The second group has been said to reflect and scatter UVB and UVA radiation. TiO2 is also extensively used in sunscreen formulations as active broadband sunscreens that blocks both UVB (290–320 nm) and UVA (320–400 nm). Although titanium dioxide is listed as a safe pigment, with no known adverse effects when it is used in cosmetics, but we should concern about ultrafine or nanoparticle form of titanium dioxide. If titanium dioxide particles used to act as a sunscreen are small enough, they can penetrate the cells, leading to photocatalysis within the cell, and cause DNA damage after exposure to sunlight.
Mohammad Azad, Saman Ahmad Nasrollahi, Alireza Firooz,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (3-2014)
Abstract
Although ultraviolet rays constitute a small portion of the sunlight, they are destructive on skin. Ultraviolet rays cause sunburn, skin damage and skin cancers. Sunscreens are one of the most widely used cosmetic products which protect skin from cancer or other damages. There are two categories of sunscreen agents: chemical and physical. Physical sunscreens containing zinc oxide work through two mechanisms of reflection and scattering. Physical sunscreens are non-allergenic, non-irritating and non-comedogenic. Currently, by using zinc oxide nanoparticles in sunscreen formulation, both prevention of harmful sun rays and receiving cosmetic benefits are achieved.
Simin Shamsi Meymandi, Siavash Mohammadzadeh Shanehsaz, Mehdi Ansari Dogaheh, Yunes Jahani,
Volume 7, Issue 1 (4-2016)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Melasma is a common acquired disorder characterized by symmetric, hyperpigmented patches with an irregular outline, occurring most commonly on the face. The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a cream containing 4% licorice extract with a novel formulation based on solid lipid nanoparticles technology in the treatment of melasma. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first study designed to investigate the efficacy of this novel formulation in the treatment of melasma all over the world.
Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 44 women with clinical diagnosis of melasma referred to the Afzalipour hospital dermatology clinic were randomly allocated into two treatment groups of equal size. All the patients were interviewed and examined every four weeks during the trial and their Modified Melasma Area and Severity Index (MMASI) score were evaluated at 4, 8 and 12 weeks. The efficacy of the interventions were classified in four levels: complete response, significant response, partial response and no response.
Results: Forty patients were enrolled in the study. At the end of the study (12 weeks), mean± standard deviation of MMASI score changed from 11.03±2.7 to 1.41±0.6 in the intervention group and from 11.25±2.9 to 2.37±1.2 in the placebo group, respectively (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Licorice extract can be used as a skin-lightening agent with minimal side effect in the treatment of melasma. Nano/micro solid lipid particles are used as carriers with unique properties like size, surface electrical bar. Moreover, a large amount of the drug might be loaded to increase the efficacy and decrease the adverse events.
Salar Hooshyar, Shohreh Nafisi, Khadijeh Ashtari, Bita Mehravi,
Volume 8, Issue 4 (1-2018)
Abstract
Diseases of the skin can cause harm and emotional distress in patients. The desirable drug is one with least complications and most effectiveness. By prolongation of target exposure, drug effectiveness could be improved. There are several suggested solutions, including the use of chemical enhancers, electroporation, iontophoresis, and the use of nanoparticles as carriers of pharmaceutical agents. The use of various nanostructures, including liposomes, dendrimers, autosomes, and many mineral nanoparticles, have been proposed to prevent the limitations with conventional formulations. Topical drug delivery has many benefits, including using high concentrations of the drug and reducing systemic passage of medicament. Many skin products, such as Estrasorb, Diractin and Aczone are available in the market with new and different manufacturing techniques for more skin penetration.
This paper introduces new approaches to drug delivery, types of nanocomposites and methods for increasing the penetration of pharmaceutical agents in the skin. Various factors such as physicochemical properties and the size of nanoparticles, as well as the effects of manipulation on the surface of these particles, have been discussed.
Maede Habibi, Ghasem Yadegarfar,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (4-2019)
Abstract
This is a letter to editor criticizing the paper entitled “Efficacy of licorice extract in the treatment of melasma: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial”. We discuss some methodological points on external and internal validity of results. The paper suffers from lack of detailed information on sample size and power calculation to make sure generalisability of results to study population. The paper also did not report blinding procedure and placebo details. The results of the paper also suffer from multiplicity (multiple comparisons) and suitability of data analysis approach. It is recommended to apply either repeated measure ANOVA or a mixed model to consider correlation between repeated measure of outcomes and multiplicity problem.
Houshang Nemati, Mozafar Khazaei, Mehri Nazeri, Maryam Bozorgi,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (5-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, influenced by genetic and immune-based factors that is associated with skin inflammation. Aloe vera gel is traditionally used to treat skin diseases including psoriasis.
Methods: In this study, ethanolic extract of aloe vera gel was evaluated for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity in skin-derived A431 cells. First, after preparing the extract and then the green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using the extract, their effect on the expression of inflammatory genes as well as their antioxidant properties were investigated.
Results: The use of different concentrations of aloe vera extract caused a relative increase in EGFR and Nrf2 expression levels and decreased expression of NF-κB, TNF-α and IL-6 inflammatory genes in A431 skin cells. But the effect of synthesized nanoparticles was greater than aloe vera extract in altering the expression of signaling and inflammatory genes.
Conclusion: The synthesized extracts and nanoparticles had antioxidant properties and also reduced the expression of inflammatory genes in cells. However, the effect of nanoparticles was much greater than that of extracts in reducing inflammatory genes.
