Journal of

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Background and Aim: Chronic renal failure is a clinical state which results in declining the kidney function. Chronic renal failure has numerous cutaneous manifestations, when the process of hemodialysis begins, new changes may appear as a result. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of cutaneous problems among patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis in Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 60 patients with chronic renal failure under hemodialysis in Shahid Mohammadi Hospital Dialysis Center were examined by a dermatologist. The data were gathered and analyzed by SPSS software (version 16) using descriptive statistics, t and chi2 tests. P less than 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The most common skin findings were dry skin (78.3%), followed by pallor (71.7%) and pruritus (58.3%). Other common cutaneous manifestations were half-half nail (35%), idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis (33.3%), yellowish skin color change (31.7%), subungal hyperkeratosis (30%), onycholysis (20%), beau's line (15%), cherry angioma (15%), skin hyperpigmentation (15%) and purpura (13.3%).
Conclusion: Chronic renal failure is associated with various cutaneous manifestations caused by hemodiaysis or the disease itself. The most common ones are dry skin and pallor. The early diagnosis of cutaneous changes may decrease the morbidity and eventually lead to quality of life improvement in these patients.

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Background and Aim: The correlation between diseases and psychiatric problems had been evaluated recently. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of skin diseases in patients in psychiatric department of Yahya-Nejad Hospital in Babol, North of Iran, in 2008.
Methods: This cross sectional study was performed on 250 patients hospitalized in psychiatric department of Yahya-Nejad Hospital in Babol. They were examined by a dermatologist and laboratory examinations (skin smear and biopsy) were done if needed. Then a questionnaire including information about sex, age, job, past medical history and history of addiction, major stress, general appearance, psycological problems, previous and new dermatological diseases and treatment protocols was completed for every patient. Data were analyzed by SPSS 11 and P<0.05 was significant.
Results: Among two hundred and fifty patients (109 male and 141 female) with psychological problems, 166 patients had dermatologic diseases. Sixty six were male and 100 cases were female. Major depression and obsessive-compulsive disorders had highest frequency in psychologic disorders. Seventy patients had treated their skin disorders.There was a significant relationship between stressors in the last six months with eczema, lichen simplex chronicus, acne, and rosacea. Correlations between schizophrenia and herpes simplex labialis (P=0.02), and PTSD with pediculosis were significant (P=0.004).

Conclusion: Dermatological disorders are associated with a variety of psychological problems that can affect patients. Increased understanding of biopsychosocial approches and laision among physicians, psychiatrists and dermatologists can be very useful and highly beneficial.

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Dermatology is a branch of medicine which is related to the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of the diseases and disorders that affect the skin and its appendages including hair, nail, sweat glands and mucosal surfaces of mouth and external genitalia. There are about 3000 clinical entities in the field of dermatology, which are very diverse in terms of their etiologies. Although some of these diseases are really prevalent and some others of them have high incidence rates and acknowledging that because of their visibility in many cases they are associated with stress, anxiety and impairment of patients' quality of lives, their resultant burden of disease at individual, familial and social levels are usually ignored. Herein, we provide some examples of the adverse public health and health economics effects of different dermatological diseases and disorders in different countries and populations. We also provide some reasons for this negligence and suggest some strategies to tackle this problem.

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It is more than a decade that teledermatology has been considered as a potential substitute for the face to face visits. To evaluate its quality, the reliability and accuracy of teledermatology diagnoses are compared to those which are made in face to face visits. In this article, the results of the studies which have compared the reliability and accuracy of diagnoses had been made using teledermatology to the face to face visits were reviewed.

Different resources, such as electronic databases and e-journals were used to choose relevant articles related to teledermatology published between 1997 and 2013, and their main focus was on the reliability and accuracy of diagnoses in teledermatology compared to those in the face to face visits.

The reliability and accuracy of diagnoses in teledermatology compared to those in the face to face visits was more than 60%. Moreover, improving the reliability and accuracy depended on different factors, such as image quality, clinical information, differential diagnoses, consultation with other colleagues and gaining their secondary opinions.

It seems that providing adequate clinical information about patients can help to improve the reliability and accuracy of diagnoses in teledermatology. In this case, teledermatology can be used to provide healthcare services for the distant areas and the poor.

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Malassezia species (previously Pityrosporum) are normal flora of human and warm-blooded animals skin. The genus Malassezia is now divided into 13 species. Most of the yeasts show an absolute requirement for long fatty acid chains and specific procedures are required for their isolation, conservation and identification. Under appropriate conditions, the fungi can cause various skin diseases. The aims of this review were to describe recent classification of genus Malassezia their virulence factors, and their association to dermatlogical diseases.

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Background and Aim: The present world is a world of short-sectional relationships, most people identify themselves by acknowledging their appearance instead of considering their inherited or acquired different characteristics. In this study, we decided to compare the body image between patients with skin diseases and healthy participants.

Methods: In this case-control study, 300 (150 cases and 150 controls) individuals aged from 18 to 64 years were selected in the Isfahan city. Satisfaction with body image and feelings of respondents regarding their apparent looks in different situations and different conditions were investigated using an a researcher-constructed questionnaire. To analyze the collected data, we used the analysis of covariance and compared the means.

Results: Single, younger, and less educated women had body image scores higher and more positive look to their bodies. Healthy people had higher score of body image than the patients with skin diseases. There was no significant relationship between gender and body image scores.

Conclusion: Skin diseases had an important role in body image. So we suggest that the effect of other diseases, that somehow affect the appearance of people on body image, be examined deeply for each disease.

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Wounds are any type of tissue dehiscence which can occur on skin, mucosae or connective tissue. After the wound has created, inflammatory process, the immune system changes as well as the skin repair cascade will be activated. To provide a product that can direct the above processes in a desirable repair mechanism will be useful. Studies have shown that aloe vera products, with effects such as increased collagen production, antioxidant and water retaining properties, are good options.
Aloe vera grows mainly in arid regions and this fact can be welcomed in many parts of the world. The use of medicinal herbs also reduces the cost for the health systems. Aloe vera is a plant that does not require much cost for plant and harvest. Besides, the compatibility of aloe vera products with a variety of formulations encourages formulators to use it in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
In this review, the use of aloe vera in wound management and some skin diseases will be discussed.

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Sports and the development of nations are very much intertwined. Sports dermatology is a growing discipline. Athletes’ skin diseases are a distinct group of diseases, and that repetitive physical activity combined with environmental stressors puts the athlete at the highest level of risk.The purpose of this study is to equip physicians with basic knowledge of skin diseases in athletes. Lack of knowledge about the role of exercise in the pathogenesis of skin diseases can lead to delayed diagnosis and consequently, incorrect treatment. Skin diseases can be caused directly or indirectly by exercise; there are some skin diseases which exist in a person but appear or intensify with the onset of exercise.
In general, before an athlete should exercise, he should be examined dermatologically to prevent the spread of skin diseases. They should be considered especially for lesions on the less noticeable areas such as the back and inner side of ears. It is better to prepare a map of the patient’s lesions that can be tracked over time, which the possibility of following their changes (Body Mapping).

Athletes should have no general symptoms such as fever for 72 hours before exercising. There should be no secretory skin lesions, otherwise, it is necessary to receive treatments before going to the gym and using the equipment to ensure that the disease does not spread to others.