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Evaluation of VanA and VanB genes in cefoxitin resistant Staphylococcus aureus causing skin infections in hospitalized patients in Razi Hospital, Tehran, using real time PCR method
Fahime Nemati, Masome Mohammadzaki, Safar Shamohammadi, Zeinab Ghassemi, Ebrahim Eskandari,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (4-2017)
Abstract

Background and Aim: Staphylococcus aureus is the second cause of hospital acquired infections, and responsible for 80% of purulent infections, and majority of skin infections. About 30 to 50 percent of normal people carry staph in their nose or groin and armpits. VanA, VanB, VanC1, VanC2/C3, VanG, VanL, and VanX are genes responsible for encoding resistance to vancomycin, TychoPlanyn and Avoparcyn, among them vanBand vanAare the most common cause of resistance that could be located on a plasmid or a chromosome and can be transferred via conjugation. The aim of this study was to The aim of this study was to investigatethe role of VanA and VanB genes in Cefoxitin resistant Staphylococci aureuscausing skin infections in patients admitted to Razi Hospital in Tehran using real time PCR method.

Methods: The samples were collected from Khordad 1394 for one year in the Microbiology Department of the Clinical Laboratory of Razi Hospital. Exudative skin lesions were sampled by sterile swab and cultured on the blood agar and EMB medium. Then catalase, oxidase and coagulase tests were performed on the gram-positive cocci and the sensitivity to vancomycinin Cefoxitin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was determined using the E-test method. The presence of vanAand vanBgenes were investigated by Real Time PCR.

Results: Out of 978 patients with infected skin lesions, 733 samples of Staphylococcus aureus were isolated. Of these, 124 were Cefoxitin resistant, among them 8 samples had a high response rate of 3, and 5had high response above 16. But VanA and VanB genes were not responsible for resistance in any of them.

Conclusion: Due to the development of resistant strains of Staphylococcus in skin and hospital infections, identification of its encoding genes are necessary in order to use appropriate antibiotics to reduce the course of treatment and the side effects of taking antibiotics.


Therapeutic potential of narasin and silica nanocomposites against skin pathogens: a review
Faezeh Roshanbakht, Nahid Hassanzadeh Nemati, Neda Attaran Kakhki,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (5-2025)
Abstract
Skin infections caused by pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa have become a serious challenge in the field of antibacterial therapies, especially in the context of antibiotic resistance. In this regard, the simultaneous use of classical antibiotic combinations with advanced nanostructures is considered a novel and effective approach. Narasin, an ionophore antibiotic of natural origin, has a high potential in inhibiting bacterial growth due to its ability to disrupt cell membrane function and ion transport. On the other hand, silica nanostructures, especially mesoporous silica nanoparticles, play an important role in enhancing antibacterial activity due to their properties such as biocompatibility, drug loading capability, controlled release, and production of reactive oxygen species.
Recent studies have shown that the combination of narasin with silica nanostructures enhances the synergistic antibacterial effects, increases drug stability, and improves penetration into bacterial biofilms. This combination has also been effective in reducing the dosage and systemic toxicity. Despite promising results in laboratory and animal models, challenges such as the assessment of cytotoxicity, precise release control, and the need for extensive clinical studies remain.
In this article, while comprehensively reviewing the properties and functions of narasin and silica nanostructures, the mechanisms of their combined effects on skin pathogenic bacteria are discussed and future prospects in the development of nanobiotechnological therapies are reviewed.
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