Journal of Dental Medicine

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA The effects of citric acid 50%, glumma and GC dentin conditioner on dentin were evaluated in different stages and compared to normal dentinal surface. The results obtained by SEM showed that smear layer is formed following cavity preparation can be removed by citric acid 50%. It can also widens dentinal tubules. On the other hand, glumma and GC conditioner can only remove smear layer without affecting dentinal tubules. These results were similar to the results announced by producing companies.

Statement of Problem: Anthropometry is applied in medical professions such as maxillofacial surgery,growth and development studies, plastic surgery, bioengineering and non- medical branches such as like shoe- making and eye- glasses industries.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to determine facial and cranial ratios among Isfahan young adults.
Materials and Methods: A study was done randomly on 200 boys and 200 girls, from among Isfahan young adults, with normal face patterns. Facial and cranial ratios, according to sex, were estimated and compared.
Results: The results of this study were compared with Canadian anthropometric findings by Farkas.There was no significant difference in cranial width between boys and girls but cranial length and all facial parameters (Int ,cant, go-go, zy- zy, ch-ch, Ala-Ala, low.lip, Up.Iip, Sn.gn, Sto.gn, N.sto, Ngn)were greater in boys than girls. Cranial index and , , " ,Cl ratios were greater in n - gn zy - zy zy - zy zy - zy ... slo-go sn-gn sto-gn slo-gn sto-gn . . ._girls, however, -, -, , , were greater in boys, There was no significant go-go n- gn n- gn n- sto sn - gn difference about facial index between boys and girls. Comparing facial parameters between Iranian and Canadian races, low. lip, Ala-Ala and go- go were greater among Iranians, however, Int cant ,Up. lip. N.gn, ch- ch, zy-zy showed a greater size among Canadians. Sn-gn ratio was greater in Canadian girls, but there was no significant difference between Iranian and Canadian boys in this regard. " " s" , s° " 8° , " ~ s ° , g° " 8° , ^-- ratios were greater among Isfahanian boys and girls,zy-zy zy-zy zy-zy n - gn zy-zy however, J ° ~ g" , 5 ° " 8" / ° " s" ratios were greater among Canadians. Regarding 5"~g" ratio, no n- sto sn- gn n~ gn n- gn significant difference was observed between Canadian and Isfahanian girls.
Conclusion: Considering the significant difference in the facial and cranial anthropologic ratios and sizes, among Canadian and Isfahanian young adults, the results obtained from Canadian race, should not be applied as a criteria for Iranian surgical and dental treatment plans. Due to the wide racial combinations in Iran, more studies, with wider variations, should be conducted among different Iranian races.

Background and Aims: It is important to use intracanal medicaments in teeth with necrotic pulp. Calcium hydroxide is the intracanal medicament of choice in such cases. Also, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) is a suitable root canal filling material because of its favorable characteristics. MTA can be used in some cases where calcium hydroxide is used. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Ca++ and OH ˉ diffusion through root dentin using calcium hydroxide paste and two different brands of MTA as root canal filling materials.
Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, the root canals of 52 single-rooted teeth were instrumented and shaped. External defects were created on the middle one-third of the root surface. 17% EDTA and 5% NaOCl were used to remove the smear layer. All surfaces except the external defects were sealed and the teeth were placed in normal saline. Ten teeth were selected as the control group. Forty-two remaining teeth were divided into three groups of 14 teeth each (A,B, and C groups). ProRoot MTA was placed in group A. Angelus MTA was placed in group B and Calcium hydroxide paste was placed in group C. After sealing the coronal access, all specimens were placed in normal saline solution. Ca++ concentration and pH were determined after 24 hours, 48 hours and one week in all groups. The data were analyzed with Repeated Measure ANOVA and Pair T- tests.
Results: Ca++ release and pH in group C was significantly higher than those in groups A and B in all time periods (P<0.001). The difference between groups A and B was not significant (P>0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that in necrotic cases with lesion which MTA is indicated (open apex and perforation), calcium hydroxide might be better used as an intracanal dressing before using MTA as a permanent filling material.