Journal of Dental Medicine

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA Treating bony craters by surgical method needs elimination or reduction of bony lesions as well as providing sufficient bone by minimum osteotomy in order to preserve supporting bone. Furcation preservation is very important. Most mandibular molars are overtreated from buccal aspect that leads to inverted morphology and affects buccal forcation. Identifying anatomical structures and their relation to lesions is essential. In crater therapy, furcation and tooth trunk are two major anatomical structures. Low to medium Craters are appropriate for osseous resection. Craters of maxillary molars with palatal plate bone loss are treated by 10 degree palatal inclination and decreasing buccal bone according to root trunk. Besides, osteoplasty  is indicated for buccal bone. Second molars are treated similarly but they have longer root trunks and thicker buccal bone which needs osteoplasty. Craters of Mandibular first molar area are treated by osteoplasty in lingual bone as well as buccal bone reduction according to root trunk . likewise, second molars are treated but they have more lingual bone as well as lingual inclination of teeth and longer root trunks.  On the other hand, scalloped morphology is not sufficiently favorable. Therefore, in order to change flat or low scalloped   morphology we should not destroy supporting bone.

  In 1996 Grinspan et al presented the association between primary hypertension and diabetes mellitus as Grinspan Syndrome. Through various studies, Researchers have noticed that epidermal lichen planus cells show enzymatic disorders as well as defective carbohydrate expression. Therefore, it was assumed that there is a relationship between cells and hormones in metabolic actions. Besides, some researchers presented the possible relation between hormonal dysfunction and immunological disorders leading to lichen planus development. It was found that primary hypertension is not related to lichen planus and lichen planus is presented in hypertensive patients as a result of antihypertensive medications. Therefore, the majority of studies in this regard have been focused on diabtese and lichen planus, their prevalence , comparing patients with the control groups and the association between blood sugar, blood fats , antihypertensive drugs and lipid lowering drugs.

Frequently, diagnosis of lichen planus as a relative common chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disease, is difficult, therefor, direct Immunofluorescence (DIF) examination is recommended for definite diagnosis. In this study both an statistical analysis of files of oral and maxillofacial pathology department of Dentistry school and direct immunofluorescence examination using paraffin blocks with new method, were performed. According to analysis of 8026 cases, 262 (3.26%) cases were diagnosed as lichen planus most patients were in fourth decade of their life and most common affected region was buccal mucosa, (69.68%).
In direct immunofluorescence study of 14 cases (using firth's method) fibrinogen deposits in 6 cases and immunostaining of colloid bodies with various immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, IgM), C3 and also fibrinogen (few values) in most of patients, were detected. In spite of the fact that density of staining was lower than routine method (using fresh-frozen tissue), except for fibrinogen immunostaining, these findings are compatible with previous studies. In spile of limitation of samples, this study suggests that using this technique needs more evaluation and this can be used for diagnosis purposes when fresh-frozen tissue is unavailable.

Statement of Problem: Bone material density (BMD) is significantly decreased among postmenopausal women leading to the most common metabolic disease, osteoporosis.Multiple bone fractures are of the most important consequences of this disease, which cost too much for the
society. One of the cheapest and most available methods for the diagnosis of bone density changes is bone radiomorphometric evaluation by conventional methods. Studies have also revealed that mandibular radiomorphometric indices in panoramic radiographs yield invaluable information, which can be used as a screening method to diagnose patients with decreasing bone density, and to determine normal values of
mandibular radiomorphometric indices among normal subjects in different populations.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the mandibular radiomorphometric indices in panoramic radiographs among normal female population referring to maxillofacial radiology centers to determine their relationship with age and the total teeth number of the subjects under study.

Material and Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, two mandibular radiomorphometric indices namely the Antegonial quantitative index (AI) and the Cortical qualitative index (MCI) were evaluated on 417 panoramic radiographs of a female normal population, aged more than 20 years which divided into five age group, by one maxillofacial radiologist as an observer. The relationship between these indices, and also with the number of teeth and age were investigated by variance and Pearson's analysis.

Results: Mean quantitative index (AI) was 3.54±54%mm. The prevalence of MCI index was C2: 71.5%,CI: 20.9%and C3: 7.7%. There was significant correlation between AI/MCI indices with age, dentition and also with each other.(P<0.0001).
Conclusion: Based on the present study, with increasing age the mean AI and the number of teeth decrease significantly. MCI index also shows higher porosity in mandibular cortex (C3 index). Therefore, Mandibular radiomorphometric indices are useful in initial diagnosis and screening of patients with low bone mineral density (osteopenia, osteoporosis).

Background and Aims: Teaching of clinical skills is one of the most important aspects in training medical students. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of videotaped and live demonstrations for applying fissure sealant on permanent molar teeth at Zahedan University of Medical Sciences (2010-2011).

Materials and Methods: Thirty 8th-semester dental students were randomly assigned in two groups (n = 15). In group 1, fissure sealant placement was taught using live demonstration while, in group 2, education was performed by videotaped demonstration. Then, each student applied fissure sealant on the patient's permanent molar tooth. The procedure of fissure sealant placement was assessed and scored by a pedodontist. The students were subsequently asked to rate how helpful the videotape or live demonstration had been. The data were analyzed using T-test and Chi-square test.

Results: The mean students' scores for videotaped and live demonstration were 16.5 and 16.53, respectively. There was no significant difference between the teaching methods according to students' scores (P>0.05). 33% of students rated videotaped demonstration as "good" for its helpfulness and 66% as "very good". However, live demonstration was rated as "good" and "very good" by 66% and 33% of students, respectively. There was no significant difference between two groups (P>0.05).

Conclusion: Both teaching methods were equally effective. Therefore, videotaped demonstration can be used in combination with live demonstration or as an alternative for it.

  Morality and ethics constitute fundamental principles of professional, educational and investigational aspects of medicine and all its branches, including dentistry. There are specific considerations in dental research which could significantly affect the design and progress of scientific projects performed in this field. The aim of the current study was to present an overview of ethical concepts governing dental research and to provide examples of common issues raised during dentistry-related investigations. Establishment of human tooth banks in major research and training centers is suggested to enhance the process of conducting more substantial research in dentistry.