Journal of Dental Medicine

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA In order to analyze many factors that may be effective in dental carries development, depend on the chief complaint and diagnosis clinical evaluations were performed. 357 patients seeking treatment for pain and dental infection caused by caries were selected. Different social groups were seen among the patients from high class patients like university professors, students and those who  could not afford private clinics and lower social classes who lived in poverty. Questions were asked from the patients about their hygienic status, age, respiratory health and the results were obtained. Of 357 cases who were 153 female and 204 male, 282 had dental caries while the caries rate was higher in women. 195 of average hygiene patients, 165 had caries. Of 41 god hygiene patients, 27 had caries. Caries rate in patients with mouth breathing was 48/58 ratio and those with nasal breathing 193/247. Also, among 52 cases with both oral and nasal breathing , 48 were found with dental caries.

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA A research was done in oral medicine department of Tehran University dental faculty. 50 patients (23f/ 27m) diagnosed with generalized periodontitis were selected. Questionnaires were obtained including information about demography, familial marriage, hygiene level, frequency of dental visits, teeth brushing, gingival health condition, tooth mobility and bone loss. Furthermore, blood sugar was assessed and compared via following laboratory exams: GTT 2hr, FBS GTT 3hr, GTT 0.5 hr, GTT 1hr.

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA There has been many efforts to use antimicrobial agents in order to control microbes causing periodontal diseases since they play an integral role in the etiology of periodontal diseases. Chlorhexidine is a ADA approved antimicrobial and antiplaque mouthwash that is used to treat gingivitis. It acts by intense adhesion to the most sites of the oral cavity and is slowly released providing a long-lasting bactericidal environment that can result in lower plaque formation. Therefore, The risk of gingivitis and periodontal disease would be declined.

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA Kawasaki syndrome is an acute systemic disease found in 1967 by Kawasaki as " Mucocutaneous Lymphnode Syndrome". It was initially known as a benign children disease until it was found that it can cause sudden death in some patients. Still the etiology of the disease in unknown. 50% of the patients are under 2years and 80% are under 4 years while there are some cases of the disease in adults. Diagnosis criteria are 5-21 days antibiotic-resistant fever, conjunctivitis, changes in oral mucosa,  cervical lymphadenopathy and dermal and mucosal lesions. In this study 48 (10 f/38 m)patients with Kawasaki disease were selected from 5 hospitals in Tehran. None had  mentioned consanguineous marriage or familial history of the disease.  The most incidence of the disease was found in summer and spring which confirmed the seasonal pattern of the disease.

There are two types of high-copper dental amalgams produced in Iran Cinalloy (lathe-cut particles) and Cinalux (spherical particles). Tarnish is one of the disadvantages of dental amalgam, which precedes corrosion, and in fact it means real destruction of restorative materials. The purpose of this study was to compare the extent of tarnish in Cinalux and Cinalloy amalgams. 32 patients, with at least two carious or poorly restored teeth were selected. Then, each tooth was restored with one of these two types of dental amalgams. The restorations were polished after 24 hours and patients were followed up after 9 months. The restorations were categorized in four groups of no change, one plus (1-30%), two plus (30-60%) and three plus (more than 60%) according to the level of discoloration. The results showed that the level of tarnish in Cinalux group was significantly less than Cinalloy group. The mean of tarnish for Cinalloy and Cinalux was 2.09±0.59 and 1.72±0.68 respectively. In addition, statistical analysis showed that there was no significant relationship between tarnish and Oral hygiene, smoking, operator or type and place of restoration.

Background and Aim: A major aspect of the adaptive host response in periodontitis is the antibodies. Several risk and susceptibility factors for periodontitis, including smoking, age and composition of the subgingival microflora, have also been suggested to influence antibody production. The present study was conducted to investigate plasma levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) G antibodies in periodontitis patients of Caucasian Iranian heritage referred to dental faculty, Tehran University of Medical Sciences in relation to disease severity and smoking.

Materials and Methods: In this study, 36 patients with severe periodontitis, 39 with moderate periodontitis and 40 controls without periodontal destruction were enrolled. From the total of 80 patients, 21 were diagnosed with aggressive periodontitis and 54 with chronic periodontitis. IgG isotypes were analyzed in plasma samples.

Results: Patients group in comparison with control group had shown higher level of Immuno globolins. There was no significant difference about the IgG1 level in moderate and seven group and also in chronic and aggressive groups (p<0/001). But the level of IgG2 was shown the significant difference in the all study groups. Smoking was significantly reduced the level of IgG1 and IgG2.

Conclusion: The current study shows that non-smoker periodontitis patients have higher levels of IgG2 than smoker periodontitis patients.

Background and Aim: Several surgical approaches have been used to achieve root coverage. The Subepithelial Connective Tissue Graft (SCTG) procedure has been shown to be a predictable means to treat gingival recession. Semilunar Coronally Positioned Flap (SCPF) is a simple mucogingival surgery to cover the exposed root surface without harvesting the palatal connective tissue. The purpose of this study is to compare the outcome of gingival recession therapy using SCTG and SCPF.

Materials and Methods: Forty Miller class I buccal gingival recessions (≥2mm) were selected. Recessions were randomly assigned to receive either the SCPF or SCTG. Recession Height (RH), Recession Width (RW), Width of Keratinized Tissue (WKT), Probing Depth (PD), Clinical Attachment Level (CAL), were measured at baseline, 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. The data were analyzed using independent t-test and Repeated Measure ANOVA.

Results: The average percentages of root coverage for SCPF and SCTG were 88% and 71%, respectively and the complete root coverage observed were 55% and 45%, respectively. There were no significance differences between the two groups with regard to RW, PD, CAL, WKT (except in the third month after surgery which was slightly greater in SCPF group). RH was significantly decreased from 2 to 6 months after surgery in SCPF group.

Conclusion: The findings from this study indicate that if the tissue thickness and initial width of keratinized tissue are sufficient, SCPF may be a good substitute for SCTG in treatment of Miller class I gingival recessions.

Background and Aim: Sodium hypochlorite can remove the organic phase of the demineralized dentin and it produces direct resin bonding with hydroxyapatite crystals. Therefore, the hydrolytic degradation of collagen fibrils which might affect the bonding durability is removed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of collagen fibrils removal by 10% NaOCl on dentin shear bond strength of two total etch and self etch adhesive systems.
Materials and Methods: Sixty extracted human premolar teeth were used in this study. Buccal surface of teeth were grounded until dentin was exposed. Then teeth were divided into four groups. According to dentin surface treatment, experimental groups were as follows: Group I: Single Bond (3M) according to manufacture instruction, Group II: 10% NaOCl+Single bond (3M), Group III: Clearfil SE Bond (Kuraray) according to manufacture instruction, and Group IV: Clearfil SE Bond primer. After that, the specimens were immersed in 50% acetone solution for removing extra monomer. Then the specimens were rinsed and dried. 10% NaOCl was applied and finally adhesive was used. Then composite was bonded to the treated surfaces using a 4 2 mm cylindrical plastic mold. Specimens were thermocycled for 500 cycles (5-55ºC). A shear load was employed by a universal testing machine with a cross head speed of 1mm/min. The data were analyzed for statistical significance with One-way ANOVA, Two-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD post-hoc tests.
Results: The mean shear bond strengths of groups were as follows: Single Bond=16.8±4.2, Clearfil SE Bond=23.7±4.07, Single Bond+NaOCl=10.5±4.34, Clearfil SE Bond+NaOCl=23.3±3.65 MPa. Statistical analysis revealed that using 10% NaOCl significantly decreased the shear bond strength in Single Bond group (P=0.00), but caused no significant difference in the shear bond strength in Clearfil SE Bond group (P=0.99).
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, NaOCl treatment did not improve the bond strength in self etch adhesive and caused a significant decrease in the bond strength of total etch adhesive system.

Background and Aims: Re-application of microbrush may affect the micro tensile bond strength of adhesives to dentin. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of re-application of microbrushes on the micro tensile bond strength of an adhesive to dentin.

Materials and Methods: Thirty freshly extracted molars teeth were collected and enamel of occlusal surface were removed to expose superficial dentin. Then superficial dentin was etched, washed and partially air dried. According to the times of application of microbrush, teeth were divided into two test groups. In group 1, new microbrushs were used, but in group 2, the ones that were already used for twice were included. Ambar dentin bonding agent (FGM/Brazil) was applied to the etched dentin with microbrushes according to the manufacturer's instructions. Then the crown of teeth was built up with LLiss (FGM/Brazil) composite resin. The teeth were sectioned in buccolingual direction to obtain 1mm slabs. Then 50 hourglass- shape samples were made from 30 teeth (25 Specimens per group). The microtensile bond strength of the specimens was tested using MTD500 (SD Mechatronik, Germany). The data were statistically analyzed by T-test.

Results: The mean values for the microtensile bond strength were 30.49±7.18 and 23.61±9.06 MPa±SD for the first and second groups, respectively. There was significant difference between the groups (P=0.005).

Conclusion: Microbrushes should not be used for more than one cavity preparation.