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Evaluation of calcium diffusion and pH of the periradicular environment after applying calcium hydroxide or MTA: an in vitro study
A. Farhad, B. Barekatain, A. Movahedian Attar, O. Niknam, P. Alavinejad,
Volume 23, Issue 4 (20 2011)
Abstract

Background and Aims: It is important to use intracanal medicaments in teeth with necrotic pulp. Calcium hydroxide is the intracanal medicament of choice in such cases. Also, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) is a suitable root canal filling material because of its favorable characteristics. MTA can be used in some cases where calcium hydroxide is used. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Ca++ and OH ˉ diffusion through root dentin using calcium hydroxide paste and two different brands of MTA as root canal filling materials.
Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, the root canals of 52 single-rooted teeth were instrumented and shaped. External defects were created on the middle one-third of the root surface. 17% EDTA and 5% NaOCl were used to remove the smear layer. All surfaces except the external defects were sealed and the teeth were placed in normal saline. Ten teeth were selected as the control group. Forty-two remaining teeth were divided into three groups of 14 teeth each (A,B, and C groups). ProRoot MTA was placed in group A. Angelus MTA was placed in group B and Calcium hydroxide paste was placed in group C. After sealing the coronal access, all specimens were placed in normal saline solution. Ca++ concentration and pH were determined after 24 hours, 48 hours and one week in all groups. The data were analyzed with Repeated Measure ANOVA and Pair T- tests.
Results: Ca++ release and pH in group C was significantly higher than those in groups A and B in all time periods (P<0.001). The difference between groups A and B was not significant (P>0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that in necrotic cases with lesion which MTA is indicated (open apex and perforation), calcium hydroxide might be better used as an intracanal dressing before using MTA as a permanent filling material.


Diagnosis of incisive canal in patients referred to radiology department of dental faculty of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences using cone beam computed tomogtaphy
Mahdi Niknami, Maryam Mostafavi, Elham Romoozi, Hesam Mikaeili Xiavi,
Volume 28, Issue 4 (1-2016)
Abstract

Background and Aims: Considering importance of recognizing the position of incisive canal before inserting intraosseous implants and bone harvesting from the symphysis and to preventing from adverse effects after these surgeries, using appropriate imaging method is essential and necessary. Due to the high accuracy measurement and high quality of CBCT and also low received dose to patient ̦ the aim of this study was to evaluate and recognize the position of incisive canal using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and Methods: In this study, good quality CBCT mandible image of 60 patients including 32 women and 28 men with average ages of 41.3±2.5 were observed for diagnosing and recognizing the position of mandibular incisive canal using three observers separately. Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS software (version 20.0 for Windows, Chicago, IL, USA) and Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests.

Results: Horizontal and vertical assessment was independent from the sex of patients. The incisive canal was recognizable in 89.8 percent of specimens. In vertical dimension, in 57.5 percent of specimens the canal was observed in the inferior one third and in 32.25 percent in the medial one third. In horizontal dimension, in 14.75 percent of specimens the canal was observed in the buccal one third, 52.75 percent in the medial one third and 22.25 percent in the lingual one third.

Conclusion: The quality of CBCT imaging and its accuracy and resolution can play an important role in the differentiation and determination of the position of incisive canal.


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