Journal of Dental Medicine

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Sialoprotein is a phosphorylated skeletal glycoprotein. The function of sialoprotein is still not fully understood. It is possible that this component participate in cell differentiation and the conversion of unmineralized matrix into mineralized structures. The purpose of the present study was to determine the serum sialoprotein concentration in-patient and normal subjects to investigate the relationship between serum sialoprotein and dentin, enamel structural differentiation. The study group consisted of 50 patients, 32 males and 18 females, aged 17-54 (with an average of 32.5 years). The control group consisted of 50 normal volunteers, 26 males and 24 females, age 22-51 (with an average of 39.60 years).The laboratory data of this group were used as a reference. Human blood was obtained from control and patient group. The blood sample was centrifuged at 3000* g for 20 min, the supernatant was discarded.Then each sample was centrifuged for 20 min at 10000 g applied to a sepharose column and eluted with 4 moll Guanidine - HCL at 50 moll tris, pH 7.4 at a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min. The fractions obtained by chromatograply was monitored by electrophoresis. Our results showed that sialoprotein control increased in patients serum (18.45+/-3.2I micro gr/L) compared to normal subjects (11.37+/-2.45 micro gr/L).

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Statement of Problem: Changes in protein levels, host calls enzymes and inflammatory mediators in gingival crevicular Fluid (GCF) are considered as diagnostic indicators of Periodontitis.
Purpose: he aim of the present study was to measure the elastase enzyme activity in gingival crevicular Fluid among patients with periodontitis.
Material and Methods: In this study, 52 periodontitis patients (experimental group) and 51 healthy subjects without any gingival inflammatio (control group) were participated. Subjects of the periodontitis group showed pockets of 4-5 mm depth without gingival enlargement and recession or pockets of 1-2 mm depth with gingival recession. For enzyme activity measurement, lOOu,! of gingival fluid of each sample was mixed with lOOu! of enzyme substrate on the tube. The mixture was incubated at 34°c for lh with a buffer solution
of 1ml volume and absorbance was read at 410nm with spectrophotometer. The enzyme activity differences between two groups were analyzed by student t test.
Results: The elastase enzyme activity in gingival crevicular fluid in subjects with periodontium destruction and control subjects was 153±11.3 and 52.7±10.4 enzyme unit in ml per minute, respectively. The difference between groups was statistically significant (PO.05).
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, the measurement of elastae enzyme activity could be a useful indication of tissue changes that may ultimately manifest clinically as periodontitis.

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Statement of Problem: Bone material density (BMD) is significantly decreased among postmenopausal women leading to the most common metabolic disease, osteoporosis.Multiple bone fractures are of the most important consequences of this disease, which cost too much for the
society. One of the cheapest and most available methods for the diagnosis of bone density changes is bone radiomorphometric evaluation by conventional methods. Studies have also revealed that mandibular radiomorphometric indices in panoramic radiographs yield invaluable information, which can be used as a screening method to diagnose patients with decreasing bone density, and to determine normal values of
mandibular radiomorphometric indices among normal subjects in different populations.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the mandibular radiomorphometric indices in panoramic radiographs among normal female population referring to maxillofacial radiology centers to determine their relationship with age and the total teeth number of the subjects under study.

Material and Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, two mandibular radiomorphometric indices namely the Antegonial quantitative index (AI) and the Cortical qualitative index (MCI) were evaluated on 417 panoramic radiographs of a female normal population, aged more than 20 years which divided into five age group, by one maxillofacial radiologist as an observer. The relationship between these indices, and also with the number of teeth and age were investigated by variance and Pearson's analysis.

Results: Mean quantitative index (AI) was 3.54±54%mm. The prevalence of MCI index was C2: 71.5%,CI: 20.9%and C3: 7.7%. There was significant correlation between AI/MCI indices with age, dentition and also with each other.(P<0.0001).
Conclusion: Based on the present study, with increasing age the mean AI and the number of teeth decrease significantly. MCI index also shows higher porosity in mandibular cortex (C3 index). Therefore, Mandibular radiomorphometric indices are useful in initial diagnosis and screening of patients with low bone mineral density (osteopenia, osteoporosis).