Journal of Dental Medicine

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Ultrasonic scaling of class V composite or glass Ionomer restorations may cause destructive effects. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of ultrasonic scaling on the marginal leakage of composite and Glass Ionomer restorations. An in-vitro study was performed on thirty- two upper and lower premolar teeth, free of any kind of caries, cracks or facets. Class V cavities, with the depth of 1.5 mm and the height and width of 2 mm, were prepared on the buccal and lingual surfaces. Occlusal margin and cervical margin were placed entirely in enamel and cementurn, receptively. Thirty-two cavities were restored with composite resin (Z100) (3M Co.), while the other thirty- two cavities were restored with Glass Ionomer cement (Vitremer) (3M Co.) and were bonded with Scotch Bond Multipurpose Plus (SBMP) (3M Co.). Half of each group were thermocycled, then half of each thermocyled and non-thermocycled groups were selected randomly for ultrasonic scaling test. After scaling, all teeth surfaces were coated with two layers of nail varnish up to 1mm of restoration. Samples were immersed in 0.5% fushin solution for 24 hours and were vertically sectioned by a diamond disk. Regarding dye penetration and microleakage, samples were examined by a stereobinoclar microscope. The results were analyzed by Mann-Whitney and Kruskal Wallis (a=0.05). They indicated that degree of microleakage in the composite/ enamel, with thermocycling and ultrasonic scaling were less than Glass Ionomer samples. Although in cervical margin, at the beginning, composite leakage was significantly less than Glass Ionomer cement, but thermocycling and ultrasonic scaling and their combination increased it and had a meaningful difference with Glass Ionomer.

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Statement of Problem: Differentiation of dentigerous cyst from unicystic ameloblastoma, discovering any initial ameloblastic changes in lining epithelium of dentigerous cyst at early stage, and differentiation between hyperplastic odontogenic epithelium in fibrous capsule of dentigerous cyst from ameloblastic proliferation, need to an accurate and reliable technique.
Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine and compare Ki-67 immunoreactivity in various locations of the epithelium of Dentigerous cyst and Unicystic Ameloblastoma.
Materials and Methods: In this historical Cohort study, 15 cases of dentigerous cyst and 9 cases of unicystic ameloblastoma were selected. Immunohistochemistry staining was performed by M1B-1 (murine monoclonal antibody against Ki-67). The stained nucleous were counted in basal and suprabasal layer of lining epithelium of both lesions in 3000 epithelial cells. Finally, the percentage of positive cells (presented as labeling index) was calculated, t- student test was used to analyze the related data.
Results: Ki-67 (LI) in basal layer of Dentigerous cyst (2.59±1.66) and Unicystic Ameloblastoma (3.76±79) had no significant differences, but Ki-67 (LI) in suprabasal layer of unicystic ameloblastoma (2.15±0.69) was significantly higher than dentigerous cyst (0.77±0.55) P=0.003).
The difference between the average numbers of positive cells for Ki-67 (LI) in these two lesions was statistically significant (P<0.05) and it was higher in Unicystic Ameloblastoma than Dentigerous cyst.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it is suggested that Ki-67 (LI) in suprabasal layer or throughout the epithelium can be considered as a useful marker for differential diagnosis between dentigerous cyst and unicystic ameloblastoma.

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  Background and Aims: The purpose of this study was research on a new herbal compound (Seidlitzia Rosmarinus) made by Traditional Medicine Research Group, University of shahed to find a safer alternative to HCL-Pumice compound technique.

  Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial seventy two anterior teeth from 9 patients were divided in to three groups according to fluorosis severity: mild (34 teeth), moderate (14 teeth), and sever (24 teeth). In each patient, half of the teeth were treated with “Shahed” compound and other half treated with HCL-Pumice compound. Before and after treatment, photographs were taken in both groups. HCL-Pumice treatment compound was applied for 30 seconds periods and continued for 10 minutes if necessary. In case of herbal Shahed compound the time was determined by clinical symptoms or when labial contour was dismissed, If the result was not esthetistically acceptabale for the patient, HCL-Pumice compound was applied on teeth. NaF was applied after mouth washing. The photographs of the teeth before and after treatment were reviewed by two experienced observer unaware of the treatment modality. The results were analyzed using willcoxon^’s, kruskal-wallis and scheffe test.

  Results: There was over 81.3% acceptance between two observers and no significant differences in intraobservers evaluation (P>0.05). Improvement in beauty indexes were observed in all degrees of dental fluorosis by 18% with HCL-Pumice compound application, but “Shahed” herbal compound induced significant reduction in the amount of white spots in mild fluorosis and stain intensity of moderate fluorosis (P<0.05) , while the reduction in the severity of discoloration in group 2, these two techniques were statistically equivalent but in the remainder, HCL-Pumice compound was more significantly effective (P<0.05) .

  Conclusion: HCL-Pumice compound reduces the severity of the discoloration of the teeth. Shahed herbal compound cannot reduces the discoloration like as HCL-Pumice compound.

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  Background and Aims: Metallic nano-particles show exclusive biological, chemical and physical characteristic. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effect of various amounts of nanosilver incorporation (0 (as control), 20, 40, 80, 120, 200 ppm) on the mechanical Properties ( compressive and flexural strength) of resin modified Glass ionomer Cement.

  Materials and Methods: Based on ISO 4049 and ISO 9971 for polyalkenoid cements, 90 cases in each group were prepared for the flexural and compressive strength. Specimens in 6 groups with different amounts of nanosilver (20, 40, 80, 120 and 200 ppm) and control (Fuji II LC improved), stored in distilled water at 37 ° C for 1 day and 30 days. Flexural strength, using a three-point bending method, Modulus of elasticity and the compressive strength were measured by universal testing machine (Zwick) with crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey post HOC test.

  Results: The flexural strength and modulus of various amounts of nanosilver incorporation of resin modified glass-ionomer cement were not significantly different (P>0.05). The compressive strength of incorporating of
20 ppm compared with control (P=0.01), 40 ppm (P=0.02) and 80 ppm compared with control (P<0.001) were increased. The flexural strength and compressive strength of Fuji II LC, containing nanosilver particles were increased after 1 day and 1 month significantly (P<0.001).

  Conclusion: Incorporation of 20 to 80 ppm nanosilver into Fuji II LC had increased mechanical properties compared to the original cement.

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  Background and Aims: AIDS-associated oral lesions are important, in terms of diagnostic-prognostic role and monitoring patients moreover some of them may reduce patient’s quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of oral lesions in HIV patients.

  Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among a total of 62 HIV⁺ patients who attended a counseling and treatment center in Rasht. Demographic information, drugs and laboratory status were extracted from patients’ files. Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regressions with multiple linear regressions.

  Results: From 62 cases, 50 were male and 12 female and the mean age was 40.5±11.3 years. 59 patients had oral lesions including periodontal disease (95%). The most prevalent oral lesions included: periodontitis (67.7%), oral candidiasis (41.9%) of erythematous (35.4%) and pseudomembranous types (6.45%) and angular cheilitis (12.9%). Patients with removable denture presented a higher rate of erythematous candidiasis and angular cheilitis (P=0.001). In this study, periodontal diseases were rosed by the post-diagnosis years (P=0.024) and the antiretroviral medications (P=0.002). Patients on the prophylactic medications (P=0.043) were less likely to have erythematous candidiasis age may caused angular cheilitis (P=0.041). Pseudomembranous candidiasis was inversely correlated with CD₄ + L levels (P=0.052).

  Conclusion: The majority of the cases in this study were IV drug user males within the 4th decade of life. Although oral lesions were not common, but the dental and periodontal statuses exhibited poor oral hygiene which need more attention.

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  Background and Aims: Dental caries is one of the most common infectious diseases which could be prevented in various ways. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a toothpaste containing different concentrations of nano-hydroxyapatite on the remineralization of incipient caries.

  Materials and Methods: 9 sound first premolar teeth of maxilla and mandible were sectioned to four pieces. 6 specimens were stored in distilled water as control group. The remaining 30 specimens were demineralized for 72 hours and then their microhardness was measured. 0, 0.5, 1, 2 and 5% wt nano-hydroxyapatite were added to the solution of distilled water and toothpaste. Specimens were divided into 5 groups (N=6) and after demineralization, each group were randomly immersed in the above-mentioned solutions for 15 minutes. Next, specimens were kept in artificial saliva for 1 hour followed by immersion in the related remineralizing solution for another 15 minutes. This procedure was repeated for 5 days. Finally, the microhardness of the teeth was measured. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA).

  Results: The microhardness of demineralized teeth was increased following exposure to different concentrations of nano-hydroxyapatite, but this increase was not statistically significant (P=0.62).

  Conclusion: Nano-hydroxy apatite can enhance remineralization and increase the tooth microhardness although this increase was not significant.

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