Journal of Dental Medicine

Background and Aim: A major aspect of the adaptive host response in periodontitis is the antibodies. Several risk and susceptibility factors for periodontitis, including smoking, age and composition of the subgingival microflora, have also been suggested to influence antibody production. The present study was conducted to investigate plasma levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) G antibodies in periodontitis patients of Caucasian Iranian heritage referred to dental faculty, Tehran University of Medical Sciences in relation to disease severity and smoking.

Materials and Methods: In this study, 36 patients with severe periodontitis, 39 with moderate periodontitis and 40 controls without periodontal destruction were enrolled. From the total of 80 patients, 21 were diagnosed with aggressive periodontitis and 54 with chronic periodontitis. IgG isotypes were analyzed in plasma samples.

Results: Patients group in comparison with control group had shown higher level of Immuno globolins. There was no significant difference about the IgG1 level in moderate and seven group and also in chronic and aggressive groups (p<0/001). But the level of IgG2 was shown the significant difference in the all study groups. Smoking was significantly reduced the level of IgG1 and IgG2.

Conclusion: The current study shows that non-smoker periodontitis patients have higher levels of IgG2 than smoker periodontitis patients.

Background and Aims: There are several risk factors in dentistry professional environment. Carelessness about occupational health regulation endangers dentist's life. Erconomics in dentistry is a scientific approach which introduces the latest ergonomic principles in dental profession. It discusses about physical and mental stresses. Ergonomic programs eliminate dentist physical and mental challenges and provide practical solution to establish efficient and comforting environment.

Materials and Methods: This study reviewed the role and effectiveness of Ergonomics in dental profession. We used related journals, books and ergonomics websites to write this article.

Conclusion: Many of researchers believe that awkward body posture and low movement are the sources of occupational disorders. Therefore, knowledge of ergonomics risk factors in dental office design is very important. Dentist's body posture and dental equipment evaluations are important factors in dental ergonomics. The most logical approach to design dental equipment for utilizing ergonomics principles is consideration of the dentist posture and type of movements and activities. In conclusion, dentists should be informed about dental ergonomics regulation and its different aspects. Furthermore, academic developments and research projects can be useful in this area.

A procedure was explained to fabricate a surgical stent to aid the placement of maxillofacial implants for prosthetic auricular rehabilitation. An impression of the defect was made, and a wax pattern of the missing ear completed and evaluated on the patient. The definitive wax prosthesis was processed in clear acrylic resin. Also an occlusal maxillary splint was fabricated and joined to the acrylic resin ear by using an extraoral acrylic resin bar. Surgical stent provides proper orientation of the acrylic resin ear while remaining attached to the maxillary arch. This surgical stent can also be used for radiographic examination.