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Showing 6 results for Class Ii
An investigation of craniocervical posture in class II & class III skeletal patients
T. Hoseinzadeh-Nik , A. Malakooti,
Volume 17, Issue 4 (1-2005)
Abstract

Statement of Problem: Craniocervical Posture is a factor in the development and function of Craniofacial Structure. Previous studies of different samples have demonstrated associations between craniocervical posture and craniofacial morphology.
Purpose: This study aimed lo examine whether any significant association is evident or not between craniocervical posture and the occurrence of Class il & Class III skeletal malocclusions.

Materials and Methods: A sample of 76 subjects with Class II & Class III skeletal malocclusion aged 9-i 1 and>18 years were selected. None of them had received orthodontic treatment. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken in natural head position (NHP), and craniocervical and craniohorizental angels were traced and determined for analysis of craniocervical posture.

Results: According to the craniocervical posture, most class II skeletal patients have flexed heads and class MI skeletal patients have extended heads, as a result malocclusion in these patients seems to become more severe.With increase in age. class II skeletal patients have more flexed their heads and malocclusion become more severe, while with increase in age in class ill skeletal patients, their heads become extended and once again malocclusion thought lo be more severe. In class II skeletal patients, craniocervical posture has a significant correlation with the vertical growth pattern, but shows little correlation with the horizontal growth pattern. In class 111 skeletal patients, craniocervical posture shows no correlation to any of the vertical & horizontal growth patterns, of course the mean of vertical angles is less in these patients and probably in order to make these relation significant in Class III skeletal patients there is need for more samples, in class II & class III skeletal patients, the amount of Na.prep-point A and pog-Na.prep with craniocervical posture shows a significant correlation.
Conclusion: Consideration of craniocervical posture (in addition to cephalometric angles) lead to making better treatment planning.


Evaluation of dentoskeletal effects of Farmand functional appliance (Fa II) on class II malocclusion
S. Yassaei , H. Aghili , D. Razeghi ,
Volume 20, Issue 3 (6-2007)
Abstract

Background and Aim: Functional appliances refer to a variety of removable or fixed appliances designed to alter the mandibular position both sagitally and vertically, resulting in orthodontic and orthopedic changes. Despite the long history of functional appliances, there is still much controversy related to their effectiveness and mode of action. The aim of this study was to evaluate dental and skeletal effects of Fa II in patients with class II malocclusion due to mandibular deficiency.

Materials and Methods: In this before-after clinical trial, 35 patients with class II div I malocclusion were selected. These samples were under treatment with Fa II appliance for 11 months. The range of age of females was 10-13 years and males 11-14 years. Combination analysis was used to determine skeletal and dental effects. Paired t-test was used to compare the differences of mean value pre and post treatment. P<0.05 was considered as the level of significance.

Results: There was significant difference between pre and post treatment in respect to posterior and anterior facial height, eruption of upper and lower posterior teeth, eruption of upper anterior teeth, mandibular body length, ANB angle, IMPA and 1 to SN. No significant difference was observed between pre and post treatment regarding facial growth.

Conclusion: Treatment with Fa II functional appliance leads to significant alterations in dental and skeletal elements of craniofacial complex and improvement of dental and jaws relationship.


Evaluation of cephalometric changes in patients with class III malocclusion in mixed dentition period following face mask therapy and slow maxillary expansion
Ms. Ahmad Akhondi, A. Khorshidian, J. Chalipa,
Volume 21, Issue 2 (11-2008)
Abstract

Background and Aim: Among different treatments of patients with Class III malocclusion , orthopedic protraction of maxilla has been known as an effective method in mixed dentition period. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cephalometric changes of Cl III patients in mixed dentition period following face mask therapy and slow maxillary expansion.

Materials and Methods: This was a before-after study which was conducted on 10 children in mixed dentition period, who had class III malocclusion and maxillary deficiency according to the Stiener and Mc Namara's analysis. The patients were all treated by protraction face mask and slow maxillary expansion. The cephalometric changes of maxilla , mandible and dental relations during the treatment were analyzed by Paired sample T Test. P<0.05 was considered as the level of significant.

Results: The overjet increasement was 1.7mm. Co. ANS distance improvement was 5.6mm, Ptm.ANS distance increasing was 3mm, and ultimately improvement of Gf.s distance was 1.5mm which were all statistically significant (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, face mask therapy with slow maxillary expansion is able to improve the horizotal position of maxilla, in patients with Cl III malocclusion , in mixed dentition period.


Cephalometric evaluation of Class III patients treated with facemask: 12 months follow-up (Clinical trial)
Sahar Ghodsi Bushehri, Farzaneh Khajeh, Somayeh Heidari, Shahla Momeni Danaei,
Volume 26, Issue 2 (5-2013)
Abstract

Background and Aims: Skeletal class III malocclusions are considered as one of the most complex and difficult orthodontic problems to diagnose and treat. Facial appearance and occlusion problems make the patients to seek treatment as soon as possible. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of early treatment with facemask compared to the patients who had no treatment.

Materials and Methods: For this retrospective study, 38 growing patients (mean age, 8.5 years old) with class III dentoskeletal malocclusion were divided into 2 groups. 23 patients were treated with facemask and 15 patients who did not receive any treatment were assigned as control group. Lateral cephalograms were taken before and after treatment and dentoskeletal changes were estimated. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed ranks test.

Results: The results revealed statistically significant forward displacement of maxillary bone and upper incisors (P<0.001), and downward-backward rotation of mandible in facemask group (P<0.001). Increased lower facial height was seen in both treatment and untreated groups. However, in untreated group some measurements revealed forward displacement of maxillary complex as well.

Conclusion: It seems that in class III patients treating with facemask is a better choice than ChinCap and decision making for early treatment in class III patients should be considered seriously. Moreover, specific attention to the type of patient’s skeletal discrepancy is necessary. In class III patients, facemask might be a better option than other appliances.


Assessment of the dentoskeletal changes following the use of twin-block functional appliance and inclined anterior bite plan in the patients with class II malocclusion div 1 in 11-14 years old
Allahyar Geramy, Amir Hossein Mirhashemi, Sahar Rafiei Chokami, Ahmadreza Shamshiri,
Volume 28, Issue 3 (10-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aims: Cl II malocclusion is one of the most common abnormalities in human societies and using a simple, affordable and accessible treatment that can be provided by general practitioners or specialists, to prevent future malocclusion complications is vital. Cl II malocclusion treatment using functional appliances such as twin block and anterior inclined bite plan have less cost, side effects and complications compared to fixed orthodontic or orthosurgery. Until now, the dentoskeletal changes resulting from the application of twin block and anterior inclined bite plan in patients with Class II malocclusion has not been evaluated. The objective of the present study was to assess the dentoskeletal changes following the use of twin-block functional appliance and inclined anterior bite plan in the patients with class II malocclusion div 1 during mixed dentition.

Materials and Methods: In this retrospective cohort trial, 60 patients with the definitive diagnosis of Class II div. 1 malocclusion having ANB>2 and FMA angel between 20 and 30 and without any previous treatment or syndrome who were treated with twin-block or inclined anterior bite plan appliance were selected and their lateral cephalometries were traced before and after treatment. Selected distance and angular landmarks were measured on the cephalograms with the good reliability (ICC=0.953) and the changes occurred in the landmarks were statistically analyzed using Student t test.

Results: Due to the increased mandibular growth, most of the landmarks experienced significant changes following the treatment with twin-block and inclined bite plan (P<0.05). The appliances corrected Class II malocclusion through improvement of mandibular length and position, maxillary and mandibular skeletal and dental relationships (decreased ANB angle and overjet) and stability of mandibular plan inclination. No significant differences were found between the devices regarding most landmarks changes (P>0.05), however, SNA (P=0.04), overjet (P=0.007) and wits appraisal (P=0.004) changed differently after using the appliances.

Conclusion: Despite with most similarities of both twin-block and anterior inclined bite plan to correct class II div. 1 malocclusion, Due to the advantages of anterior inclined bite plan such as less size, good patient cooperation and simple laboratory preparations the appliance can be used as substitute for complex functional appliances to correct class II div. 1 malocclusion before the growth spurt.


The ability of panoramic radiographs to correlate transverse with sagittal dimensions in class III patients
Mohsen Shirazi, Armina Mellat, Behzad Salari,
Volume 29, Issue 3 (10-2016)
Abstract

Background and Aims: In the field of orthodontics, gaining comprehensive information around dento-skeletal complex is necessary to choose the best treatment plan for each patient. The aim of this study was to investigate the linear and angular parameters in panoramic radiographs to find a path to correlate transvers to sagittal dimensions.

Materials and Methods: Total number of sixty two, 8-14 years old children who sought for orthodontic therapy were selected (32 skeletal Class III and 30 skeletal Class I). They were exposed to x-ray to obtain the panoramic and lateral views in a controlled condition. Various linear and angular parameters were measured after tracing the landmarks on the panoramic radiograph. Data were obtained and analyzed using T-test. The level of significance was set at 0.05 (P<0.05).

Results: Linear parameters of Co-Co, Go-Go and PTM-PTM were significantly lower in class III patients than class I ones (P=0.04, 0.04, 0.02, respectively). The ramus width value was also lower in class III patients. Angular parameters of  Me˄ and N˄ also showed the same results (P<0.001). Go˄ angle was significantly lower in the class I than class III patients (P=0.002, 0.007).

Conclusion: Some traceable linear and angular parameters were found in the panoramic radiographs which had the potential to correlate the transverse with sagittal dimension.


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