Journal of Dental Medicine

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Statement of Problem: Root canal cleaning and shaping are important steps in endodontic therapy. In order to develop better techniques, new instruments are constantly designed and delivered to the market.
Purpose: The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of one manual with three rotary root canal instrumentations techniques.
Materials and Methods: In this in-vitro study, 80 mesial roots of freshly extracted human mandibular molars were divided in to four groups equally and prepared by one of the following instrumentation methods profile NiTi rotary system, Protaper NiTi rotary system, Flex Master NiTi rotary system and hand NiTi K-file instrumentation. In each root one of the canals was instrumented and the other was used as control.After decalcification, cross sections at 3mm and 5mm of apical portion were prepared and examined for remaining debris, predentin and smooth walls under light microscope. The data were analyzed by Kxuskal-Wallis test.
Results: Significantly less debris was found at 3mm cross- section using protaper and Flex Master techniques (P<0.05). No significant differences were found at 5mm cross section. Also no significant differences were observed for remaining predentin at all regions. Significantly more smooth walls were found at both regions using protaper technique (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The protaper technique employed in this study resulted in cleaner root cana! walls than the
other techniques.

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Background and Aim: Mechanical preparation of canal is one of the most important stages in root canal therapy. Various kinds of hand or rotary techniques are used for mechanical preparation of canal and each of them has advantages and disadvantages. During canal preparation, extrusion of debris from the apical foramen can result in periapical inflammation and increased pain and edema. The aim of this study was to compare hand instrumentation technique with three rotary systems (Profile, Race, Flex Master) regarding the amount of extruded debris from apical foramen during canal preparation.

Materials and Methods: In this experimental in vitro study, one hundred human extracted single rooted mandibular premolars with curvature between 0-10 degrees were selected and divided into four groups of 25 teeth each. All teeth were shortened to 15 mm length by cutting the crown. Group H was prepared by hand step back technique, group P by Profile system, group R by Race system and group F by Flex Master system. For debris collection, vials containing distilled water were used which were weighed before preparation. After the end of canal preparation, vials were completely dried and weighed again. The difference between weights of vials in two stages was the weight of debris extruded from apical foramen. The groups were compared by One-way ANOVA with p<0.05 as the level of significance.

Results: Group H had the highest mean weight of debris which showed significant difference with all three rotary groups (P<0.001). The lowest mean weight of debris was observed in group R (Race) which was significantly different from group F (Flex Master) but not significantly different from group P (Profile).

Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, race rotary system caused less debris extrusion from apical foramen compared to hand step back technique and Flex Master rotary system.