Showing 26 results for Gene
A A. Khoshkhoonejad , A A. Miremadi , N. abolfazli ,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (6-1998)
Abstract
The present clinical trial was designed to evaluate the regenerative potential of periodontal tissues in degree II furcation defects at mandibular molars of human using a slow-resorbing collagen membrane and a surgical treatment technique based on the principles of guided tissue regeneration.The patient sampleinclude 8 subjects who had periodontal lessions in right and left mandibular molars regions, including moderate to advance periodonal destruction within the radicular area. Following a baseline examination including recording the clinical measurements (PD, Al, HC, F.G.M) , the furcation- involved molars were randomly assigned in each patient to either a test or a control treatment procedure. Included the evevation of mucoperiosteal flaps, recording measurement from the cemento enamel junction (C.E.J) directly coronal to the furcation area to the alveolar crest and to the base of the defect-Horizontal furcation measurements were also made using a William's probe, finally a collagen membrrane placed on the involved area to cover the entrance of the furcation and adjucent root surfaces as well as a portion of the alveolar bone apical to the crest. The flaps were repositioned and secured with interdental sutures. A procedure identical to the one used at the test teeth was Performed at the control teeth region with the exception of the placement of the collagen membrance. Following surgery all patients were placed on a plaque control regimen. All Patients received normal postsurgical care and at 6 month post-surgery were scheduled for re-entry surgery. Before re-entry surgery all clinical parameters recorded again. The re-entry mucoperiosteal flaps were designed to expose the furcation area for measurements, as describedabove. There was clinical improvement in all measurements made in both the test and control patients (especially in test group) over the 6 month period. The horizontal and vertical furcation measurements did yield a statistically significant imporvement when companing the test patients to the control.
M. Paknejad , R. Ranjbar ,
Volume 12, Issue 1 (8-1999)
Abstract
Growth factors are biological mediators that have a key roll in proliferation, chemotaxy and differentiation by acting on specific receptors on the surface of cells and regulating events in wound healing.They can be considered hormones that are not released in to the blood stream but have one a local action. Some of these factors can regulate premature change in GO to Gl phase in cell devesion cycle and even may stimulate synthesis of DNA in suitable cells, Growth substances, primarily secreted by fibroblasts, endothelia! cells, macrophages and platelet, include platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), insulin like growth factor (IGF) transforming growth factor (TGF)a and (3 and bone morphogenetic proteins BMPs that approximately are the most important of them. (BMP)s could be used to control events during periodontal, craniofacial and implant wound healing through favoring bone formation According toLynch, combination of PGDF and IGF1 would be effective in promoting growth of all the components of the periodontium.The aim of this study was to characterize growth factor and review the literature to determine the mechanism of their function, classification and application in implant and periodontal treatment.
M. : Pak Nejad , Y. Soleimani-E-Shayesteh , Z. Mohammad Zadeh ,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (10-2000)
Abstract
Guided Tissue Regeneration (GTR) is the most recent and common method for regeneration of class II forcation molars. However, it requires membrane, which seems expensive for most of the patients. In order to overcome this problem, Coronally Position Flap (CPF) procedure may be applied which arresting the epithelial cell down growth, follow the same aim. This study is aimed to compare GTR technique utilizing bioresorable collagen membrane and CPF utilizing citric acid. Nine patients with grade II forcation defects were selected. Defects were bilateral that randomly assigned into two groups: GTR and CPF groups. Measurements recorded at baseline and after surgery (6 months). Paired-T test was performed on these data. The following results were obtained after 6 months: In both groups significant reduction in probing pocket depth were measured in GTR and CPF groups, 1.55 Ind 1.88 mm, respectively. Also, open vertical probing depth: 0.33, 1.11 mm. Reduction in forcation weight in both groups was 0.22 mm. Bone fill was observed in 0.33% and 51% of defects. No recession was observed in GTR group, in CPF was 0.11 mm. Loss of attached gingiva was 0.34 and 0.78 mm, respectively. No significant difference was found between clinical parameters except OHPD. Comparison of means at the day (0 and 180) in each group showed the success for regeneration of forca. Considering the results, it can be concluded that CPF may substitute for GTR technique.
M. Pak Nejad, Am. Rokn , H. Semyari ,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (9-2001)
Abstract
The aim of the present study was the histological evaluation of Enamel Matrix Derivative (EMD) effectiveness for regeneration of periodontal defects. EMD activates cementum synthesis, PDL and bone during the maturation stage of follicole. In this research, EMD was used in surgical defects of premolar teeth in four adult sheep. Muccoperiosteal flap was reflected in buccal site of teeth. The buccal bone plate was removed from mesial to distal in 4 mm depth. After eliminating the cementum by bur and its etching, EMD was applied on exposed dentine and flap was sutured. In opposite sites of those teeth (control sites) the same process was performed without etching. After 100 days, sheep were sacrificed and histological study through light microscopic was performed on black sections of operation sites. The results showed that in test sites, regeneration of cementum and bone was 62/5% and 42/5-50% respectively. But in control sites regeneration of cementum and bone was 37.5% and 32/5-42/5% respectively. Also the migration of junctional epithelium in control sites was 8-10% more than test sites. The important point is that in test sites, cementum was completely attached to undermining dentine. But, in control sites, the gap between cementum and dentine was visible. As a result, this study suggests that EMD promotes periodontal regeneration, and EMD application is a successful achievement in regenerative periodontal therapy.
G. rad Afshar ,
Volume 15, Issue 3 (6-2002)
Abstract
Diagnosis and treatment of patients with periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic diseases is of especial concern to the periodontist, especially those associated with genetic disorders, which have poor prognosis. With aggressive progression of periodontal bone and attachment loss, a patient could be a partial or total edentulous early in life.The aim of this article was to report a case of Papillon-Lefevre syndrome (PLS) with generalizedprepubertal periodontitis (GPPP). A ten-year old boy for whom active periodontal treatment and subsequent maintenance recalls was performed for five years since the diagnosis of PLS. Treatment procedures included: precise mechanical instrumentation at several visits, periodontal surgery, adjunctive serial systemic antibiotic therapy, professional irrigation of pockets with 0/2% chlorhexidine solution and periodic maintenance recall visits. In spite of all of these, progressive course of the disease continued until the patient was fifteen and edentulous. Unfortunately association of GPPP with systemic unmanageable condition or diseases has caused refractory periodontitis, which yet has no proven and reliable treatment protocol. Besides, this article has discussed more successful treatment modalities for PLS with GPPP and the genetic aspects of host susceptibility, which is a complicated and challenging field.
Mr. Dalooi , R. Rahpeyma ,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (1-2003)
Abstract
Sjogren syndrome is one of the autoimmune diseases which is characterized by lymphocytic infiltration to exocrine glands and causes keratoconjunctivitis sicca and xerostomia. Today, a large population, with a majority of women over 40, suffer from this disease and have several complications regarding oral health and reduced life quality such as severe dental caries, painful eyes, olfactory and gustatory deficiency, speech, mastication and swallowing discomforts. Unfortunately, these patients do not respond to the conventional therapies. Nowadays in medical world, which its target is basic therapy and not symptomatic one, several gene therapy approaches, have gained importance in treatment of this apparently incurable diseases. Due to the facts that this disease is the second prevelant autoimmune disease, after rheumatoid arthritis, and the conventional therapies of the disease are all relative and symptomatic, researchers have insisted on the basic and causative therapy through gene transfer more than before. In the Present article, through reviewing 58 references containing recent scientific and investigatory findings it has been tried, to consider the pathogenesis and conventional therapies of this syndrome. Another purpose of this study was to investigate several and potentially very effective gene transfer systems and different theraputic genes (mainly membrane water channels, ione transporter molecules, transcription factors, antifungal proteins and free radical scavengers).
J Fariaby ,
Volume 16, Issue 3 (5-2003)
Abstract
Distraction osteogenesis (DO), firstly introduced to the medical world by Russian scientist Ilizarov for long bone lenghtening in orthopedics can be considered as an appropriate substitute in the treatment of maxillofacial deformities. Natural events occuring during the repair of a fractured bone segment not only lead to the desired bone length but also prevent from the undesired disadvantages of osteotomies and bone grafting. Recently a lot of investigations have been conducted to evaluate the efficacy of DO in the treatment of maxillofacial deformities, which in some cases have lead to successful results. In the present article a lot of issues in maxillofacial surgery and different treatment goals associated with DO are discussed.
A. Khorsand , Y. Soleimani Shayesteh , Ar. Talaci Pour, Ah. Negaresh ,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (4-2004)
Abstract
Statement of Problem: One of the problems associated with the treatment of periodontal diseases is caused through the extension of disease toward furcation area. Several techniques in Conservative, Resective and Regenerative categories have been suggested for the treatment of furcation involvement.
Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the results of the treatment of grade II furcation involvement in mandibular molars using an allograft material named 'Dynagraft' (a type of demineralized bone matrix) and the coronally positioned flap.
Materials and Methods: In this randomized controlled clinical trial study, twelve patients (9 females and 3 males), aged 25 to 40, suffering from bilaterally grade II furcation involvement of mandibular molars who referred to dental faculty Tehran University of medical Sciences, were investigated. The molars of one side were treated by Dynagraft whereas those of the opposite side underwent the CPF method. Measurements of the probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), keratinized gingiva (KG) and horizontal probing depth (HPD) were recorded at baseline, 3 and 6 months after surgery. In order to investigate the bone radiographic changes, radiovisiography at the mentioned periods in addition to clinical investigation, were performed. For statistical analysis, Paired West was used.
Results: The mean PPD reduction three months and six months after the operation were 1.75 mm and 2.25mm, respectively in the Dynagraft (test) group whereas 1.26mm and 1.27mm in the CPF (control) group (P<0.005). The mean attachment gain three months and six months after the operation were 1.1 mm and 1.5mm respectively in the test group, and 0.2mm and 0.3mm in the control group (P<0.005). The mean KG reduction three months and six months after the operation were 0.5mm and 0.6mm respectively in the test group and those of the control group were 1.1mm and 1.1mm. The mean HPD reduction three months and six months after the operation were 1.55mm and 2mm respectively in the test group (P<0.005) and 0.55mm and 0.55mm in the control group (PO.01). Radiovisiography of the mentioned areas three months and six months after the operation confirmed the changes obtained from clinical measurements, showing appreciable reconstructive results (Bone filling) in the test group as compared with the control group. Moreover, root resorption was not observed.
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, Dynagraft can be used as an appropriate material in the treatment of grade II furcation involvement in mandibular molars. However, for a through evaluation of such regenerative techniques in furcation involvement, further studies with larger population and long term follow up in addition to histologic studies are suggested.
F. Haghighati , S. Akbari ,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (4-2006)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Increasing patient demands for esthetic, put the root coverage procedures in particular attention. Periodontal regeneration with GTR based root coverage methods is the most common treatment used. The purpose of this study was to compare guided tissue regeneration (GTR) with collagen membrane and a bone graft, with sub-epithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG), in treatment of gingival recession.
Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial study, eleven healthy patients with no systemic diseases who had miller’s class I or II recession defects (gingival recession 2mm) were treated with SCTG or GTR using a collagen membrane and a bone graft. Clinical measurements were obtained at baseline and 6 months after surgery. These clinical measurements included recession depth (RD), recession width (RW), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL). Data were analyzed using independent t test with p<0.05 as the limit of significance.
Results: Both treatment methods resulted in a statistically significant reduction of recession depth (SCTG=2.3mm, GTR=2.1mm P<0.0001). CAL gain after 6 months was also improved in both groups (SCG= 2.5mm, GTR=2.1mm), compared to baseline (P<0.0001). No statistical differences were observed in RD, RW, CAL between test and control groups. Root coverage was similar in both methods (SCTG= 74.2%, GTR= 62.6%, P=0.87).
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the two techniques are clinically comparable. Therefore the use of collagen membrane and a bovine derived xenograft may alleviate the need for connective tissue graft.
Y. Soleimani Shayesteh , Sh. Mohseni Salehi Monfared , S. Eskandarion ,
Volume 19, Issue 3 (6-2006)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Intrabony periodontal defects are important problems in periodontology and up to now several ways have been suggested for their treatment .Treatment with enamel matrix derivatives (EMD) has been shown to enhance periodontal regeneration. There is limited information available from clinical trials regarding the performance of EMD in the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects. This study was designed to compare the clinical and radiographic effects of EMD treatment to that of open flap debridment (OFD) for two and three walled intrabony defects.
Materials and Methods: 18 patients were included in this clinical trial which have 24 two and/ or three intrabony defects. Defects were randomly divided into two groups (test and control). Defects in test group were treated with flap surgery plus EMD and in control group with open flap debridment. At baseline and at 3 and 6 months follow up, clinical and radiographic measurements were performed. Data were analyzed using Greenhouse-Geisser test with p<0.05 as the limit of significance.
Results: At 3 and 6 months, mean probing pocket depth reduction was greater in the test group (EMD) (4.33 mm and 4.70 mm) compared to the OFD group (2.54 mm and 3.09 mm). Mean values for clinical attachment gain in the EMD group after 3 and 6 months were 4.29 mm and 4.98 mm, and in OFD group were 2.83 and 2.82 mm respectively. Radiographic bone gain measured by radiovisiography technique was greater in the EMD group compared to the OFD group (4.66 mm in EMD and 1.11 mm in OFD group after 3 months and 5.78 mm in EMD and 1.39 mm in OFD group after 6 months).
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, treatment with flap surgery and EMD compared to open flap debridment, produced more favorable clinical improvements in two and three walled intrabony defects.
G. Radafshar, M. Khoshhal,
Volume 21, Issue 1 (10-2008)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Furcation defects are one of the most challenging problems in periodontal therapy. Regenerative treatment significantly improves the prognosis of the involved teeth. The aim of this study was to compare Bio-Oss plus 10% collagen in combination with either a bioabsorbable collagen barrier (BO/GTR), or coronally advanced flap (BO/CF), in treating human mandibular class II furcation defects.
Materials and Methods: This clinical trial included 10 patients with 10 pairs of similar periodontal defects. Each defect was randomly assigned to treatment with BO/CF or BO/GTR. Following basic therapy, baseline measurements were recorded including probing pocket depth (PPD),closed horizontal probing depth (CHPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and gingival margin position (CEJ-GM), together with plaque and gingival indices. Hard tissue measurements were performed during surgery to determine alveolar crestal height (CEJ-AC), and vertical and horizontal open probing depth (OVPD, OHPD).After 6 months, all sites were re-entered and soft and hard tissue measurements were recorded.
Results: Both surgical procedures significantly reduced probing depth and improved clinical attachment levels, with no significant difference between groups. Gingival margin position (CEJ-GM), was improved in the BO/CF group (0.66±0.51 mm, p<0.05), but not statistically different from BO/GTR group in which remained relatively constant (0.00±0.81 mm). Vertical defect resolution was significant in each groups (BO/CF:3.17±1.47 mm, BO/GTR:3.33±0.51mm). Horizontal defect resolution was also significant with either procedure (BO/CF:3.67±1.31 mm, BO/GTR:3.80±1.83 mm), with no statistically significant difference between groups. Data were analyzed with wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests with p<0.05 as the level of significance.
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, treatment of mandibular class II furcation defects with both procedures resulted in statistically significant improvement in open and closed probing measurements, with no significant difference between treatment groups. In BO/CF group there was an additional improvement in gingival recession (CEJ-GM) measurement, which could be attributed to applying crown-attached sutures by the use of orthodontic brackets.
A. Farhadinasab, A. Shekofteh Rad, Kh. Mani Kashani,
Volume 21, Issue 1 (10-2008)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Oral health is a sign of overall health. Sometimes fear of dental office deprives patients from receiving proper care. This problem decreases the self-esteem of dentists and can also reduce health indices. Understanding anxiety factors may help solve this problem. The purpose of this study was to assess anxiety in patients undergoing treatment in dental offices in the city of Hamedan.
Materials and Methods: In this analytic cross sectional study patients above 9 years old and referred to general dental offices in Hamedan were randomly selected and surveyed with questionnaires in two stages. The first questionnaire included 17 standard items based on Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS) and screened anxious patients. Then 400 anxious patients were evaluated with a questionnaire of 64 items based on Corah scale. Data were analyzed by SPSS 13 with multivariate analysis of variance. P<0.05 was considered as the level of significance.
Results: Factors related to dental office environment with 31.1%, those related to personal imaginations with 19.4% and factor concerning office management and dental treatment each with 19.1% frequency showed to be most related to anxiety in patients. Improper rest-rooms (46.3%), blood stains in the environment (44.5%) and dirty dentist's gowns (43.8%) were reported to be the most prominent environmental factors. Among the factors originated from personal imaginations, the risk of disease transmission was accounted for the most justifiable source of anxiety (67.3%). Regarding factors concerning office management, dentist's nervous behavior (47.8%) and his carelessness to the patient (46.8%) were considered as the most significant anxiety sources. Extraction, injection and root canal therapy (48.3%, 44.5%, 44.3%) were the treatment related factors of higher importance respectively. Previous painful treatment experience (47.3%) and poor oral hygiene of the dentist (34.5%) were reported to be among the other justifiable anxiety sources. In all mentioned situations, variations in anxiety factors were significantly higher in women.
Conclusion: This study showed that the main cause of anxiety in patients undergoing treatment in dental offices in Hamedan is their personal imagination which is by far more obvious in women than men.
A. Azari, S. Nikzad, F. Geramipanah, H. Mahgoli, L. Sedighpor,
Volume 21, Issue 3 (12-2008)
Abstract
Amelogenesis imperfecta is an inherited disease that disturbs the formation of the enamel. It occurs as two main categories, hypomineralized and hypoplastic. Both deciduous and permanent teeth are affected, and the disorder may create unaesthetic appearance, dental sensitivity, and severe attrition. In this article through performing a structured literature review, numerous treatment modalities which so far advocated in rehabilitation of amelogenesis imperfecta in adults and children is discussed. The progressive changes on open bite, the problem of bonding during restorative phase of treatment , the rehabilitation difficulties of deciduous as well as permanent teeth is also discussed in detail and finally the interdisciplinary approach for treatment of this disability is demonstrated and some points for decision making in treatment protocols are suggested.
Ms. Sheikhrezaie, M. Amin Sobhani, K. Oloumi,
Volume 22, Issue 2 (11-2009)
Abstract
Endodontic treatment of immature permanent teeth accompanies with several issues. The primary goal when treating such teeth is to maintain pulp vitality so that root development can occur normally. Indications and requirements for vital pulp therapy include asymptomatic and reversible pulpitis. Also there are controversial opinions regarding the ultimate clinical treatment of the vital pulp therapy techniques. In this manuscript we report 3 cases of immature symptomatic permanent molars with irreversible pulpitis caused by caries exposure of the pulp that have been undergone vital pulp therapy successfully.
Hr. Azimi, N. Bakhshalian, H. Shahoon,
Volume 22, Issue 2 (11-2009)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the osteopromotion property of homogenous demineralized dentin matrix (HDDM) on experimental surgical bone defects in parietal bone of rabbits using the guided bone regeneration (G.B.R.) technique incorporating Paroguide collagen membrane.
Materials and Methods: Surgical bone defects were created in 6 Newzland white rabbits (2 defects in each rabbit). The defects were protected by Paroguide membrane alone (control group) or filled with HDDM and protected by Paroguide membrane (experimental group). The HDDM had been obtained from the central incisors of rabbits. The rabbits were sacrificed after 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 days and the defects examined histologically. Data were analyzed using pair-t test. The level of significance was set at p=0.03.
Results: Histologically, the volume of newly formed bone matrix was significantly greater in the experimental group. No inflammatory reaction was seen in either experimental or control groups.
Conclusion: Bone regeneration was accelerated in the bone defects filled with HDDM in comparison to the control group.
Y. Soleymani Shayeste, A. Khorsand, S. Mahvidy Zade, M. Nasiri,
Volume 23, Issue 3 (12-2010)
Abstract
Background and Aims: Intrabony periodontal defects are one of the important problems in periodontal diseases. Treatment of intrabony periodontal defects with synthetic materials such as Cerasorb has been shown to enhance periodontal regeneration. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of Cerasorb with autogenous bone graft (A.B.G) as a gold standard in treatment of two to three wall periodontal defects.
Materials and Methods: In this interventional or randomized clinical trial study, 24 two to three wall intrabony defects were selected in a double blind manner. Defects were randomly (with tossing a coin) divided into two groups (test and control). Defects in test group were treated with flap surgery and Cerasorb. In control group, defects were treated with flap surgery and autogenous bone graft. At baseline and 3-month, 6-month and one-year follow up evaluations clinical and radiographic assessments were performed. Data were statistically analyzed using the paired t test, Wilcoxon and Mann-whiteny. The level of significance was set at P<0.05.
Result: At the 3-month, 6-month and one-year visits, the parameters of probing pocket depth (PPD), probing attachment level (PAL), bone level (distance between CEJ and alveolar crest), and bone density were not significantly difference in test and control groups (P>0.05). However, in each group there was significant difference in 4 parameters before and after surgery (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Treatment with Cerasorb compared to A.B.G produced the same results of improvement in two to three-wall intrabony defects. So the use of Cerasorb can be suggested for treatment of intrabony periodontal defects.
M. Paknejad, A. Rokn, A. Sabur, F. Elhami,
Volume 23, Issue 3 (12-2010)
Abstract
Background and Aims: Nowadays reconstruction of alveolar defects has become one of dentists' problems especially in areas which are going to get dental implants. Inorganic bovine bone mineral (Bio-Oss) is one of the most popular graft materials that acts as a structure for migration of osteoblasts. If migration, proliferation, and differentiation of osteoblasts can be promoted by a material, it would be possible to reconstruct more amount of bone in a shorter period of time. Milk contains vital proteins that regulate bone growth. One of these important proteins is lactoferrin. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of added bovine lactoferrin to Bio-Oss on osteogenesis.
Materials and Methods: Two doses of 50 and 500 µg/ml of lactoferrin were prepared. Ten New Zealand white rabbits were selected for this study. Four 6-mm symmetrical detects were created in each rabbit's calvarium. Two of these sites were filled with Bio-Oss that was wetted with two doses of lactoferrin. Third detect was filled with Bio-Oss alone and the forth one was left empty as control group. After 4 weeks histologic and histomorphometric analysis was performed.
Result: There was no sign of obvious inflammation in any of four groups. Also there was no difference among four groups in terms of vitality, type of new bone, and foreign body reaction. However, amount of bone formation in control group was significantly lower compared with the other 3 groups. Although lactoferrin containing groups showed little increase in bone formation especially in higher concentration, there was not statistically significant difference among the three test groups. Amount of remaining biomaterial also was lower in lactoferrin containing groups compared with the Bio-Oss group but the differences were not significant.
Conclusion: Although there was no significant difference among the test groups, it seems that the added lactoferrin increases bone formation. Considering the limitations of this study, more studies are needed in different concentrations of lactoferrin and different healing periods. Furthermore, because of possible washout of the lactoferrin from the defects, it would be helpful to find and evaluate a proper carrier agent for lactoferrin to see its real effects.
Fahime Tabatabaei,
Volume 25, Issue 1 (4-2012)
Abstract
Dentistry has been a field dominated by a constant improvement of synthetic biomaterials. Tissue engineering of tooth is coming to change the panel of the dental materials such as restorative materials and implants. Certainly, it is the largest transition in history of dental materials science in terms of accepting this new and exciting technology. The objective of this article is to present various implications of tissue engineering in different fields of dentistry. To achieve this goal, a review of the literature was carried out by using Medline database to search topics including "dental stem cells", "teeth tissue engineering", "regenerative dentistry", "oral surgery", "periodontal regeneration" and "regenerative endodontics". These searches were limited to articles published after the year 2000. On the basis of our literature review, we have found that although there are significant challenges in oral tissues engineering, engineered tissues will find many applications in dentistry within the next few years.
Alireza Choobineh, Masoud Neghab, Jafar Hasanzade, Reza Rostami,
Volume 25, Issue 4 (1-2013)
Abstract
Background and Aims: This study was conducted to assess the psychological health status of dentists in Shiraz city.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, subjects consisted of 106 dentists and 94 general practitioners (comparison group) from private and public clinics in Shiraz city. Subjects were requested to complete the standard general health questionnaire and a questionnaire on demographic variables. The data were analyzed by appropriate statistical tests. Chi-Square test and independent sample t-test were used to compare demographic and occupational variables of both groups. The questionnaires were scored and the overall score of each individual determined his/her psychological health status. Means of GHQ scores of both groups were compared using statistical tests.
Results: Both groups were similar in all demographic variables, except for age. The mean total score of GHQ-28 for both dentists (17.9) and physicians (16.34) groups were significantly lower than the cut-off point value of 23 (P <0.01). The means of scores for somatic problems, depression, anxiety and insomnia as well as unusual social performance scales were significantly different between both groups (P<0.05). A significant positive association was found between GHQ total score and job tenure.
Conclusion: Our findings revealed that psychological health status of dentists was poorer than that of physicians. Additionally, dentists' scores were significantly different from those of their counterparts in all GHQ sub-scales.
Farzaneh Jabari, Javad Mohammadnejad, Kamal Yavari,
Volume 27, Issue 3 (9-2014)
Abstract
Background and Aims: In the last decade, several studies have reported the isolation of stem cell population from different dental sources, while their mesenchymal nature is still controversial. The aim of this study was to introduce the isolating methods for stem cells from human dental pulp and to determine their mesenchymal nature before differentiation.
Material and methods: One of the best sources for stem cell is dental pulp tissue. Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs) would be the most convenient source of stem cells because teeth were easy to retrieve and removed throughout life. Pulp is a specialized connective tissue including blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and the interstitial fluid. DPSCs can be found within the ‘‘cell rich zone’’ of pulp. DPSCs have been isolated for the first time in 2000 by Gronthos these cells exhibited a differentiation potential for odontoblastic, adipogenic and neural cytotypes. Gronthos isolated stem cells in 2 different methods: The enzymatic digestion method and the second was out growth, these cells could be cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen. It has also been shown that human DPSCs can be used for complex structures such as pulp or woven bone formation in vivo.
Conclusion: DPSCs originate from the cranial neural crest and have neural characteristics such as the expression of neurotrophins. Therefore, DPSCs may represent a promising source in cell therapy for neurological disorders. Characterization of these cells and determination of their potentialities in terms of specificity of regenerative response will form the foundation for development of new clinical treatment modalities, whether involving directed recruitment of the cells and seeding of stem cells at sites of injury for regeneration or use of the stem cells with appropriate scaffolds for tissue engineering solutions. Such approaches will provide an innovative and novel biologically based on new generation of clinical treatments for dental disease.
