Showing 18 results for Pain
M. Sahebjamee , Jm. Beytholahi ,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (6-1998)
Abstract
Eagle's syndrome is characterized by an elongated styloid process and (or) calcification of stylohyoid ligament besides clinical symptoms. The symptoms are those related to pain when swallowing or rotating the neck, headacke, earache, dizziness, intermittent glossitis, sensation of foreign body in pharynx and transient syncope. The case which is presented can be considered a very rare form of the disease in which complete calcification of the ligament and it's thickening has occured. Also there is little relationship between the severity of calcification and severity of symptoms.A careful and thorough evaluation of each panoramic radiography is emphasized.
Mj. Dalaei ,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (10-1999)
Abstract
Numerous techniques are used for treatment of tempromandibular disorder (TMD). Two aims should be considered when managing patients with TMD.a) pain reduction, feeling of improvement, prevention of untoward sequel of TMD.b) Complete cure and enabling the patients to continue a normal life as much as possible. For an exact and successful treatment the following certain rules should be followed:1} The physician's competence and knowledge in anatomy, physiology, psychology of the disorder.2) Pay attention to patient's statement and being sympathetic, developing rapport, performing a complete and careful clinical examination.3) Considering the patient's psychological or physiological deficits.4) Eliminating TMD Precipitating factor.In general, treatment of this disease like other disease of bones and muscles should not be addressed aggressively such as surgery or occlusion therapy. Simple and conservative methods should be applied for treating this disorder, as some cases are self-limiting and require no intervention.
M. Bidar , P. Ghaziani, M. Saatchi , Ma. Soluti ,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (9-2001)
Abstract
Endodontic postoperative pain is still one of the major problems for dentists. According to the researches periapical inflammation after RCT is one of the most important factors causing endodontic postoperative pain. Histamine is one of the effective chemical mediators, which produces such inflammation. So, for controlling pains after RCT, the factors reducing inflammation should be found. The aim of this study was to investigate pain control after RCT by drug prophylaxis with antihistamine (asetemizole). 60 patients were divided in 2 groups (30 patients in each group). Group 1 had a capsule of asetemizole (20mg) and the second group had a placebo capsule one hour before RCT. The patients completed the questionnaire after RCT and gave it back on the next session. The evaluated times were 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24 and 72 h after RCT. This study indicated that asetemizole was able to reduce the moderate pericemental pain just at the 9 and 12 hours after RCT, and it was not able to reduce the spontaneous pain after RCT significantly on the evaluated times
M. Sahebjamei , A. azizi , F. Jamali , N. Marofi ,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (3-2002)
Abstract
Muscular pain is one of the most common causes for facial pain. Myofacial pain dysfunction syndrome (MPDS) is one of the most important disorders of facial area that affected patients suffer from pain, tenderness of one or more masticatory muscles and limitation of movements. Lack of specific and effective therapeutic method, makes it necessary to find a treatment to decrease pain. Considering the analgesic and anti- inflammatory effects of low-level laser, some investigators have recommended it for MPDS patient's treatment. In this study, the effects of low level laser (Ga-Al-As) on MPDS patients referred to dental faculty of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, were investigated. Twenty- two MPDS patents, with mean age 33.32 years, were treated for 4 weeks (12 visits). Clinical examinations were performed in 6 stages. The results of this study showed that variables such as pain severity, cheek pain, pain frequency and tenderness of masseter, temporal, internal and external pterygoid muscles, had a statistically significant improvement at the end of treatment with low level laser (GA-A1-AS) which lasted for three months, (follow- up period). Results of this study showed that, low-level laser therapy has a sedative effect on the pain and tenderness of masticatory muscles in MPDS. Patients and having an accurate and regular program to complete treatment period, has an important role in MPDS improvement.
A. Zarifkar , H. Skandaryan , M. Mokhtary , J. Ay ,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (4-2003)
Abstract
Statement of Problem: Eugenol is the most important chemical compound of the clove tree (Eugenia aryophylata) extract. That is widely used in dentistry as a bactericidal and pain relieving agent.
Aim: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the antinociceptive effect of local and systemic administration of eugenol by formalin test in rats.
Materials and Methods: In this research, 56 male Wistar rats, weighing 230±20 g were divided into seven groups (n=8). Ten minutes before formalin test, different doses of eugenol (12.5,25,50 mg /in groups 2,3,4 respectively) were injected to the right hind paw of the rats subcutaneously. In- group 5 eugnol (50 mg) was. injected to the contralateral hind paw. In group 6 eugenol (100 mg/ kg) and control group (group 7), equal volume of norma! saline was injected intraperitonealy . The minutes 0-5 and 16-60 were considered as acute and chronic phases of pain in the formalin test, respectively. Data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's tests.
Results: The results showed that local injection of eugenol to the same paw receiving formalin caused a decrease of nociception in both acute and chronic phases of formalin test (PO.005). However, in the group that eugenol (50mg/ kg) was injected to the contralateral paw, no significant differences were observed in the pain score in comparison with the control group. Intraperitoneal injection of eugenol (lOOmg/kg) did not reduce the nociception in the acute phase, but it caused a significant decrease of nociception in tonic phase (PO.00I).
Conclusion: It was concluded that eugenol, as a local anesthetic drug not only inhibits nociceptive impulse conduction on the peripheral pain fibers, but also centrally reduce chronic pain.
J. Momen Beitollahi, M. Sahebjamie, A. Manavi, T. Farrokhnia, Ar. Zohiroddin, B. Golestan,
Volume 21, Issue 4 (1-2009)
Abstract
Background and Aim: One of the most common causes of facial pain, is muscular pain. MPDS is one of the most important disorders of facial area that many of patients suffer from pain, tenderness of one or more masticatory muscles and limitation of movement. Psychological factors play an important role in MPDS. Anxiety and depression by increasing muscle tension, can cause myofacial pain syndrome They can also accompany the syndrome as comorbidities or develop as sequelae of chronic pain and disability. Many approaches can be used to treat myofacial pain syndrome. The least invasive and least traumatic approach should be se.lected. Often, treatment for myofacial pain syndrome fails, because underlying problems go untreated. Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) is mainly used for treating anxiety and depression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of PMR in improving signs and symptoms of patients with MPDS.
Materials and Methods: In this before and after clinical trial study, 33 patients with MPDS that had anxiety and or mild depression(were assessed by Beck Inventory)were treated by PMR in a period of a month (3 visits)and were followed up until 2 months. Analysis was done using paired t-test/ wilcoxon-sign-rank test.
Results: The results of this study showed that variants like intensity of pain, tenderness of masticatory muscles, maximum opening of mouth with and without pain, anxiety (p<0.001) and depression (p=0.001) improved significant 16 after treatment in comparison with before treatment.
Conclusion: In conclusion, PMR is effective in improving signs and symptoms in patients with MPDS. Therefore psychological status should be considered in treatment plan of these patients.
M. Saatchi, F. Mosavat, F Razmara, B. Soleymani,
Volume 22, Issue 4 (1-2010)
Abstract
Background and Aims: Despite the significant improvement in dentistry, pain after endodontic therapy is still of concern for patients. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the most commonly prescribed oral analgesics used for dental pain relief after root canal treatment. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Ibuprofen versus slow-released Diclofenac Sodium in controlling pain following root canal treatment.
Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, mandibular molars with irreversible pulpitis in 90 patients were selected. The patients were divided into three groups (Ibuprofen, slow-released Diclofenac Sodium and placebo). After examination patients filled in the consent form. Then they received one of the mentioned drugs. After inferior alveolar nerve block, access cavity was prepared and the root canals were prepared using passive step back method. The canals were dried and temporary filling material was placed. Then the pain evaluation form (visual analog scale) was explained and delivered to the patients. Data were analyzed using Repeated Measurement ANOVA, Kruskal-wallis and Man-Whitney U tests.
Results: The mean pain intensity in slow-released Diclofenac Sodium group was 0.87 0.95, 1.17 1.10 for Ibuprofen group, and 2.14 1.70 for placebo group. The differences between groups were statistically significant (P<0.001). The effect of Ibuprofen in controlling post endodontic pain in the first 2 hours was more than slow-released Diclofenac Sodium (P=0.01), but in 10, 18, and 36 hours after treatment, slow-released Diclofenac Sodium was more effective than Ibuprofen (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Premedication with single dose of slow-released Diclofenac Sodium can control post endodontic pain for a longer period of time compared with Ibuprofen.
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Mh. Hosseini, A. Kamali, M Mahmoodzadeh Darbandi,
Volume 23, Issue 1 (6-2010)
Abstract
Background and Aims: Lasers with different characteristics have been used to stimulate orthodontic tooth movements and to inhibit the pain during tooth movements. Considering the contradictory finding in this respect, the effect of low level laser therapy (LLLT) was evaluated on the pain during orthodontic tooth movement.
Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial study, 12 patients were included with extracted upper first premolars and required canine retraction into extraction site. While in both sides canines were retracted by Niti coil spring, one side was exposed to GaAlAs laser (890nm). LLLT was done on the buccal and palatal mucosa by slow movement of probe. The patients were asked about their pain on both sides 2 days after beginning of retraction. Pain measurement was evaluated with VAS.
Results: Pain perception in LLLT side significantly decreased (P=0.007).
Conclusion: Based on the results, single irradiation of GaAlAs laser (12J energy per tooth) can decrease pain perception.
M. Mirzaie, A. Kavosi, A. Atbaie, F Moazami, Sh. Nooribaiat,
Volume 24, Issue 3 (6-2011)
Abstract
Background and Aims: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most common drugs prescribed for controlling and post root canal treatment pain. During the last decade, a new generation of NSAIDs has been introduced such as Celecoxib and Gelofen with less gastrointestinal side effects and more analgesic effect. No studies have been performed to compare Celecoxib and Gelofen with other NSAIDs considering the reduction of post-endodontic pain therefore, this study was designed.
Materials and Methods: In this randomized double blind clinical trial study, 90 patients were divided into 3 groups and underwent root canal therapy. Celecoxib, Gelofen, or placebo was randomized prescribed to the patients 1 hour before treatment. The intensity of pain was recorded using visual analog scale (VAS) at 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 hours after completion of root canal treatment. The data were analyzed by means of repeated measurements, multiple comparisons and one-way ANOVA tests using SPSS software. P<0.05 was considered as the level of significance.
Results: The results showed significant difference between Celecoxib and Gelofen in comparison with placebo at 8 and 12 hours after initiation of treatment. There was no significant difference among three groups at 4, 24, and 48 hours after initiation of treatment.
Conclusion: According to the results, use of Gelofen or Celecoxib before treatment reduces post-endodontic pain. These drugs can be prescribed before initiation of treatment as the effective agents for reduction of post-endodontic pain
Omid Aminian, Zahra Banafsheh Alemohammad, Khosro Sadeghniiat Haghighi,
Volume 26, Issue 2 (5-2013)
Abstract
Background and Aims: Regarding the diversity of reported low- back pain among dentists in different countries and lack of control group in most of the previous studies, the purpose of this study was to compare low- back pain and related risk factors between male general dentists and pharmacists to determine the relation between dentistry and development of low back pain.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 261 male dentists were compared with 193 male pharmacists as a control group with Standardized Nordic Questionnaire (low back section). Subjects were at least one year in clinical practice after becoming qualified and did not suffer from connective tissue diseases and history of a traumatic event causing fracture in spinal column. The data were analyzed by Chi- square, T-test and logistic regression analyses.
Results: The prevalence of low back pain in the past 12 months was 54.8% in male dentists and 36.3% in male pharmacists (P=.001). Logistic regression analyses, adjustmenting for occupation, age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, working years and working hours per week, revealed that there was a significant association between being a dentist and having low- back pain (OR=2.54, P=0.001).
Conclusion: Dentistry as a profession in male gender is associated with low back pain, independent of age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, working years and working hours per week.
Neda Moslemi, Mohadeseh Heidari, Reza Fekrazad, Hanieh Nokhbatolfoghahaie, Siamak Yaghobee, Ahmadreza Shamshiri, Mozhgan Paknejad,
Volume 27, Issue 1 (4-2014)
Abstract
Background and Aims : Free gingival graft is one of the most predictable procedures for gingival augmentation, but patient’s discomfort and pain during healing period of palatal donor site is a significant concern. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 660nm low power laser on pain and healing in palatal donor sites.
Materials and Methods: The present split mouth randomized controlled clinical trial was performed in 12 patients at the department of periodontics of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Patients’ allocation was done by balanced block randomization (laser group and placebo group). In laser test group (wave length: 660 nm, power: 200mW, time of irradiation: 32s) was applied immediately post-surgery and in day 1, 2, 4 and 7 after that. In the control group, laser application was done with off power mode. Evaluation of epithelialization and healing was done with H2O2 and photograph. The number of palliative pills and bleeding was recorded. Wilcoxon test was used to analyze healing during the study. Patient’s pain during study was analyzed using repeated measure ANOVA. Mc Nemar test was used to analyze bleeding. Level of statistical significance was set at 0.05.
Results: Laser group showed better epithelialization (P=0.02) and healing (P=0.01) in day 14 after surgery and showed better epithelialization in day 21(P=0.05). No statistically differences were observed between laser group and control group in terms of bleeding and medication (P=0.51), (P=1).
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the low power laser can promote palatal wound healing during the second and third week after free gingival graft procedures.
Feizi Ghader , Kaviani Naser , Mehrparvar Roza , Binandeh Elham Sadaat , Tabrizizadeh Mehdi , Saatchi Masoud ,
Volume 27, Issue 4 (1-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aims: Postoperativee endodontic pain is an outstanding problem for dental patients. Therefore, a successful management of endodontic pain has become as one of the main dental objectives. The aim of the present study was to compare the postoperative endodontic pain in patients under general anesthesia versus local anesthesia.
Materials and Methods: For conducting this clinical trial study, 50 patients having mandibular molars candidate for root canal therapy were selected. Twenty-five patients treated under general anesthesia because of their fear, anxiety or gag reflex. Other 25 patients treated under local anesthesia. All teeth were prepared using engine-driven rotary system in a crown-down technique and filled using lateral condensation technique. Heft- parker visual analog scale was used to measure the degree of pain at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after the treatment. Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, and T-tests were used to compare the intensity of postoperative pain between the groups.
Results: The mean intensity of postoperative pain in local and general anesthesia groups at 6, 12 and 24 hours had statistically significant difference (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Postoperative pain in patients who treated under general anesthesia was significantly less than the patients who treated under local anesthesia.
Arash Mansuorian, Sara Pourshahidi, Maryam Sadat Sadrzadeh Afshar,
Volume 29, Issue 4 (1-2017)
Abstract
Masticatory muscle pain is the second most frequent cause of orofacial pain after dental pain. Myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome (MPDS) is the most common form of temporomandibular joint dysfunction. MPDS is a pain that triggers from [sensitive] points in the muscles and fascia and is followed by spasm, tenderness to palpation, restricted movement, fatigue, and sometimes dysfunction. The researchers intended to collect comprehensive information about therapeutic interventions for myofascial pain through the conduction of a critical study based on evidence in the literature. In this review, 51 English articles, published between 1981 and 2013, were extracted from PubMed, Medline, Ovid, and Google Scholar. These articles were then reviewed in detail in two categories, namely pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical treatments. MPDS treatment should be first focused on the identification and correction of underlying causes. Thiocolchicoside (TCC), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and Cox-2 inhibitors are among promising pharmaceutical methods. On the other hand, ultrasound and laser therapy are among promising non-pharmaceutical methods. The complex mechanism of MPDS, along with its underlying peripheral and central nervous mechanisms may make MPDS, difficult to treat, especially in its chronic form.
Majid Mehran, Roza Haghgoo, Mohsen Ashourioun, Elham Seifali, Nasrin Takzaree,
Volume 32, Issue 2 (10-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aims: Most children get a lot of anxiety while they visit a dentist. The most important factor in the child's fear at the beginning of treatment is the syringe and needle. Ways to cope with this anxiety include behavioural control techniques such as mental regeneration, distraction, and induction. The purpose of this study was to compare the pain and anxiety in children when using a syringe and toy- shape syringe needle. This study was the first study that used a toy-shape needle cover.
Materials and Methods: This clinical trial study was conducted on 20 children age from 5 to 8 years. More than half of them were anxious with Cfss-Ds (Dental Subscale of the Children's Fear Survey Schedule) and FIS
(Facial Image Scale) anxiety diagnostic tests, and the rest of them were not anxious. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. The first group received local anesthesia with conventional syringe and the second group, by syringe with toy shape needle cover. Following, the first group received local anesthesia by syringe with toy shape needle cover, and the second group, by a conventional syringe. Heart rate measuring and pain evaluating test was performed. Analysis of heart rate and anxiety data was performed by non-parametric wilcoxonsianed Ranks T-test (P-value was considered significant at 0.001).
Results: The mean amount of pain measured after using a syringe with a toy shape needle cover and using conventional syringe had a significant difference of 5.20% between the two groups. The pain was reduced in children who received local anesthesia by syringe with toy shape needle cover (P<0.001).
Conclusion: The physical appearance of the injection device plays an important role in reducing the anxiety and pain of injection in the children.
Jalil Modaresi, Hamid Reza Hemati, Mehri Esfandyar, Mohammad Hosein Yousefi,
Volume 32, Issue 4 (1-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aims: Various methods to induce anesthesia have been investigated in situations where the primary inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) injections fail. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of synergic effects of anesthetic injection of prilocaine supplemental with that of lidocaine anesthesia in teeth with irreversible pulpitis.
Materials and Methods: This study was a parallel-controlled clinical trial on 58 patients with one mandibular molar tooth having irreversible pulpitis. The first anesthesia was injected with an inferior alveolar block with 2% lidocaine anesthesia. Patients who failed pulpal anesthesia were randomly divided into two groups; case and control groups. In the case group, IANB was injected with 3% prilocaine, and in the control group with 2% lidocaine anesthesia. Anesthesia after the second injection was evaluated by three methods of numerical evaluation of the patient's response to Electric Pulp Tester (EPT), the severity of the patient's response to the cold test, and the extent of pain during the onset of access cavity latency on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Statistical analysis was performed using T-test and Mann-Whitney tests.
Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of depth of anesthesia (P>0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that there was no difference between 2% lidocaine and 3% prilocaine in the depth of supplemental IANB anesthesia after failure of first IANB in mandibular molar teeth with irreversible pulpitis.
Zohreh Dalirsani, Maryam Amirchaghmaghi, Mahshid Malakouti Semnani, Mahdi Talebi, Seyed Isaac Hashemi, Mohammad Taghi Shakeri,
Volume 35, Issue 0 (5-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aims: Atypical facial pain (AFP) is a chronic disease associated with local pain in the craniofacial area. A wide range of treatments including drug therapy, psychiatric methods and open surgery are used for its treatment. Opiorphin is a pentapeptide that can block pain and also has proven antidepressant effects. The aim of this study was conducted to investigate the opiorphin concentration in AFP patients and to compare it with healthy people.
Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 30 AFP patients and 40 healthy individuals. Unstimulated saliva was collected from both groups by spitting method. HAD-A (Hamilton Anxiety Test) and HAD-D (Hamilton Depression Test) questionnaires were completed for all patients and controls. Psychological interview with the patients and psychological analysis were performed to determine anxiety and depression scores. Data analysis was done using SPSS (ver.24) statistical software
Results: The subjects of two groups were homogeneous in terms of age and sex. The mean salivary opiorphin concentrations in the case and control groups were 1.8050±0.2923 and 1.8032±0.3682 ng/ml, respectively. According to the results of t-Test, no significant difference was observed in the mean opiorphin concentration between the AFP group and control group (P=1.000). According to the Pearson's test, no significant relationship was found between the opiorphin levels and the age, sex, and anxiety or depression score in the patient and control groups (P>0.05). Also, there was no remarkable correlation between initial VAS, duration of pain and previous treatments with opiorphin levels in the AFP patients (P>0.05). No significant correlation was found between the opiorphin concentration and menopausal period in the case and control women (P>0.05).
Conclusion: The results showed that most AFP patients had some degree of anxiety and depression. However, salivary opiorphin concentration did not significantly increase in the AFP patients.
Shahin Shams, Alireza Sharifinejad, Ali Saleh, Pedram Mahmoodi, Abolfazl Mohammadbeigi, Mohammad Mehdizadeh,
Volume 36, Issue 0 (5-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aims: Management of pain and inflammation after third molar surgery is an important challenge of this treatment. Various medications have been proposed for pain control after surgery. Comparing the effectiveness of various drugs used in this field can improve dentists' clinical decisions. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of Ketorolac and Gelofen on pain relief in patients undergoing third molar surgery.
Materials and Methods: This randomized single-blinded clinical trial was performed on 140 patients who were divided into two groups of 70 after receiving the ethical code. The first group was prescribed 400 mg Gelofen capsule for 1 week, while the second group was prescribed 30 mg ketorolac ampule for 1 week. Then, using the visual analog scale (VAS), the patient’s pain was recorded 48 hours, 1 week, and 2 weeks after surgery. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS20 software by descriptive analysis of the results. Ki-square, T-test, and variance analysis were also used for analysis of variables.
Results: The pain level in the ketorolac group after 48 hours, 1 week, and 2 weeks following surgery was significantly less than Gelofen group (P<0.01). Ketorolac effect on pain was irrelevant to the gender, age, and type of tooth variables.
Conclusion: From the results, it was concluded that Ketorolac had greater effect on pain relief after third molar surgery than Gelofen.
Neda Omidpanah, Mohammad Esmi, Farzan Soltani,
Volume 37, Issue 0 (3-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aims: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease. Oral manifestations in these patients include paralysis or spasm of facial muscles, temporomandibular joint disorders (TMJ), trigeminal neuralgia, dysphagia, or dysarthria. The aim of the study was to investigate the characteristics of orofacial pain in patients with MS.
Materials and Methods: The current cross-sectional study was conducted on 250 patients with a definite diagnosis of MS referred to Iran MS Association and Iran MS Research Center. The patients were in the age group of 17 to 57 years and were selected completely randomly. Data were obtained based on two checklists and clinical examination. Finally, DC/TMD criterion was used to check TMD problems. Then the data was analyzed by SPSS version 26 software and by Fisher's Test.
Results: The prevalence of MS disease was higher in women and the average age of patients was 37 years and the average duration of MS disease among patients was 8 years. The most common pain was related to shooting and shock-like pain with a frequency of 40.4% and the lowest quality was related to dull and diffuse pain with a frequency of 5.3%. In total, 24.5% of patients with buccal-oral pain had TMD, and in this case, the DC/TMD criterion was used.
Conclusion: Temporomandibular disorders and shooting and shock-like pains are usually observed in a number of patients with MS. As a result, dentists should be aware of the presence of these pains in the patient, the pain trigger, and the drugs used by the patients, in order to provide medical services and being aware of drug interactions.
