Showing 11 results for Skeletal
T. Hossein Zadeh-E- Nik , A. Gorgi ,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (8-1998)
Abstract
According to different studies - especially geometric ones - different factors have been proposed that can affect horizontal dimension parameters. The aim of this study is claimed on the title. The study is of a descriptive and cross- sectional type.Fourteen lateral cephalogerams were selected to the sample consisted of 21 boys and 19 girls with the mean age of 9.83 years who suffered from different skeletal & dental malocclusion and were selected by simple sampling method.The linear parameters of wit's and wylie (which depend on occlusal & FH planes), the harvold parameter (which is independent of reference planes) & the proportional parameter of Schwartz were selected & their correlation with angular parameter of ANB were evaluated.
The results showed:1- All of the horizontal analyses showed statistically significant correlation.2- The ANB parameter showed high correlation with wit's, wylie, harvold & shawartz analyses and the correlation between ANB & wit's was higher than others.
H. Ravanmehr , D. Abdollahi ,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (10-2000)
Abstract
In this investigation, the position of hyoid bone was compared in three skeletal groups of class I, II and III. The study was based on evaluating 77 lateral cephalometric radiographs, 40 girls and 37 boys, which were divided into 3 groups. Group 1, 2, and 3 consist of 26, 25, and 26 radiographs. 19 cephalometric landmarks and 10 planes were used in order to tracing the radiographs. In all patients, 9 skeletal and 4 cervical vertebrae parameters were measured to determine the hyoid bone. These parameters were compared between three skeletal groups regardless of sex and then, in another statistical analysis, parameters were compared based on patients sex. Statistical analysis showed that in class III patients, the hyoid bone was positioned more anteriorly than two other groups. Also in this group, the hyoid bone had less inclination and it was more horizontal in relation to mandibular plane. In skeletal class II patients this bone was positioned more superiorly than two other groups. Due to these findings it can be concluded that perimandibular muscles and bones could affect the growth of mandible. In addition, comparison of the parameters between two sexes revealed that the hyoid bone was positioned more anteriorly and inferiorly in boys. Also it was shown that in the girls, the position of hyoid bone was closer to the position of this bone in skeletal class I patients.
L. Eslamian ,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (3-2002)
Abstract
Various comparative studies have been conducted to investigate the effect of functional and fixed appliances in treatment of class II skeletal disorders. The aim of this study was to compare Bionator and Edgewise appliances associated with class II elastics in the treatment of class II skeletal patients, without extraction. Lateral cephalograms of 30 patients (16 girls, 14 boys), 10-13 years old, with class II div I maolocclusion, treated with Bionater and Edgewise appliances were investigated before and after treatment. SNA, SNB, ANB, " to SN, IMP A, mandibular and maxillary lengths, upper anterior facial height to lower anterior facial height, overjet and overbite were measured in each group before and after treatment. The results were analyzed by paired t- test. The magnification of linear measurements were calculated. The differences between variables in 2 groups were compared by t-test. There was no significant difference, regarding age and sex. In both groups, increase in SNB, mandibular length, and IMPA and decrease in " to SN, overjet and overbite and upper anterior face height to lower anterior face height after treatment were statistically significant. Comparing 2 groups before and after treatment showed that increase in SNB and decrease of ANB, overjet and overbite were more in Bionator group than fixed group, which were significant. Decrease in upper anterior face height to lower anterior face height, and increase in IMPA and mandibular length were more in Bionater group but the differences were not statistically significant.
F. Ezoddini Ardakani , A. Haerian Ardakani , Mh. Akhavankarbasi , Kh. Dehghan Tezerjani .,
Volume 17, Issue 4 (1-2005)
Abstract
Statement of Problem: According to many researches done in the field of occupational disorders dentists are considered at the risk of musculoskeletal problems. These problems may cause reduction of job length of dentists.
Purpose: This study was done for evaluating the musculoskeletal disorders of dentists, practicing in Yazd.
Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study, conveyed in Yazd city in 1999 by survey among all of working dentists with eye-to-eye contact questionnaire reply.
Results: Among dentists were interviewed 81.6% of respondents mentioned at least one of musculoskeletal problems. The mentioned disorders were respectively Neck (47.1%) hand (36.2%), wrist (34.8%), upper and lower parts of back (33.3%), shoulder (11.59%), knee (2.8%). About 72.5% of the individuals had no familial history and just 4.5% had these disorders before working as a dentist.
Conclusion: Results of this study revealed that majority of musculoskeletal disorders had significant relationship with age, gender, work place, working hours, level of exercise, direct vision and duration of the job of dental occupation.
S. Yassaei , H. Aghili , D. Razeghi ,
Volume 20, Issue 3 (6-2007)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Functional appliances refer to a variety of removable or fixed appliances designed to alter the mandibular position both sagitally and vertically, resulting in orthodontic and orthopedic changes. Despite the long history of functional appliances, there is still much controversy related to their effectiveness and mode of action. The aim of this study was to evaluate dental and skeletal effects of Fa II in patients with class II malocclusion due to mandibular deficiency.
Materials and Methods: In this before-after clinical trial, 35 patients with class II div I malocclusion were selected. These samples were under treatment with Fa II appliance for 11 months. The range of age of females was 10-13 years and males 11-14 years. Combination analysis was used to determine skeletal and dental effects. Paired t-test was used to compare the differences of mean value pre and post treatment. P<0.05 was considered as the level of significance.
Results: There was significant difference between pre and post treatment in respect to posterior and anterior facial height, eruption of upper and lower posterior teeth, eruption of upper anterior teeth, mandibular body length, ANB angle, IMPA and 1 to SN. No significant difference was observed between pre and post treatment regarding facial growth.
Conclusion: Treatment with Fa II functional appliance leads to significant alterations in dental and skeletal elements of craniofacial complex and improvement of dental and jaws relationship.
Smh. Hosseini , J. Chalipa , Sm. Fatemi , F. Heidari ,
Volume 23, Issue 2 (10-2010)
Abstract
Background and Aims: The main purpose of orthodontic treatment is normal positioning of teeth in three dimensional plans, including the mesiodistal inclination. In this study, mesiodistal axial inclination of posterior teeth in skeletal class II was evaluated and compared with that of posterior teeth in skeletal class I.
Materials and Methods: Seventy-eight panoramic radiographs for subjects between 12 to 24 years old with skeletal class I and 78 panoramic radiographs for subjects between 12 to 19 years old with skeletal class II were selected. All of the subjects were in permanent dentition with no tooth missing, no tooth extraction, no impacted tooth, and no crowding in posterior teeth. Two reference lines were established over each radiograph: the upper one passing through the most inferior point of right and left orbits lower one passing through the right and left mental foramina. After that, the long axis of teeth was traced (the image of root canal in single-rooted teeth, mean image of buccal and palatal canals in upper premolars, mean image of mesial and distal canals in lower molars, and the image of palatal canal in upper molars.). The mean values for two skelotodental classes were analyzed using T-test.
Results: The results showed that there was significant difference between (P<0.05) mesiodistal axial inclination of teeth 15, 16, 17, 25, 26, and 27 in upper jaw in skeletal class II compared with that of the same teeth in skeletal class I, which was more mesially in skeletal class II. Mesiodistal axial inclination of teeth 36, 46, and 47 in lower jaw was more mesially in class II compared with that of the same teeth in class I. For other teeth there were no significant differences between two skeletodental classes (P>0.05).
Conclusion: The mesiodistal axial inclination of upper molars and second premolars and lower molars in class II was more mesially compared with that of the same teeth in class I.
Omid Aminian, Zahra Banafsheh Alemohammad, Khosro Sadeghniiat Haghighi,
Volume 26, Issue 2 (5-2013)
Abstract
Background and Aims: Regarding the diversity of reported low- back pain among dentists in different countries and lack of control group in most of the previous studies, the purpose of this study was to compare low- back pain and related risk factors between male general dentists and pharmacists to determine the relation between dentistry and development of low back pain.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 261 male dentists were compared with 193 male pharmacists as a control group with Standardized Nordic Questionnaire (low back section). Subjects were at least one year in clinical practice after becoming qualified and did not suffer from connective tissue diseases and history of a traumatic event causing fracture in spinal column. The data were analyzed by Chi- square, T-test and logistic regression analyses.
Results: The prevalence of low back pain in the past 12 months was 54.8% in male dentists and 36.3% in male pharmacists (P=.001). Logistic regression analyses, adjustmenting for occupation, age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, working years and working hours per week, revealed that there was a significant association between being a dentist and having low- back pain (OR=2.54, P=0.001).
Conclusion: Dentistry as a profession in male gender is associated with low back pain, independent of age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, working years and working hours per week.
Goudarzipoor Dariush , Sowdagar Ahmad , Romoozi Elham , Xiavi Hesam Mikaili , Faal Behzad Sheykh ,
Volume 27, Issue 4 (1-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aims: In the panoramic images, palatoglossal space error develops when the patient is unable to put the tongue against the mouth roof. In the case of this error, the radiographic diagnosis of the area is made with some difficulties or ever the image may lose its diagnostic ability. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the palatoglossal space error of the panoramic images and skeletal relationship.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional trial, 494 panoramic images were selected at the orthodontic department of Tehran dental school archive and the existence of the palatoglossal space was determined. The palatoglossal space error was statistically analyzed using chi-square test regarding the patients’ gender, age and skeletal relationships.
Results: Of total panoramic images, 346 (70.0%) cases showed palatoglossal space error while 148 (30.0%) images were free from this error. Furthermore, 74.1% of male images and 66.9% of female images showed palatoglossal space error. In Cl I (1˂ANB≤3), Cl II and Cl III patients 65.6%, 73.1% and 67.4% of the images demonstrated the error, respectively. The incidence of palatoglossal space error in 5-14 and 15 years old age or higher patients were 72.2% and 58.8%, respectively.
Conclusion: It was concluded that n o significant difference w as noted between the incidences of the palatoglossal space error regarding the patients’ gender or their skeletal relationships . T he error frequency was significantly decreased with age .
Sara Koosha, Masoomeh Kandi Bidgoli, Azadeh Raouf, Reza Ezatian,
Volume 29, Issue 2 (11-2016)
Abstract
Background and Aims: Constant dynamic and static activities are considered as the main cause of musculoskeletal problems among dentists. The aim of this study was to evaluate the musculoskeletal problems and related factors among dentists in specialized clinics and dental schools in Tehran in 2014 using the REBA method.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the dentists from clinics of dental schools in Tehran were selected as individual targets. Nordic anddemopghrphic questionnaire were completed through interview from dentists. In order to assess the musculoskeletal disorders, REBA method (Rapid Entire Body Assessment) was used. In this method, positions and postures of the dentists during their work was observed and recorded. Data was analyzed using Regression Logestic test.
Results: The obtained results showed that among 100 dentist, 6% were in the very high risk (15-11) for musculoskeletal problems and 17% and 25% were in high-risk (10-8) and average risk (7-4), respectively. Based on the findings from Nordic questionnaire, the most skeletal- muscle travail were related to the neck (60%), lumbar (58%) and rear (46%) consequently. It seemed that factors such as gender, body mass index (BMI), height, specialty, body posture during the work (standing or sitting), smoking and using the direct or indirect vision, had an impact on the musculoskeletal disorders.
Conclusion: Findings from the final scoring of REBA showed that a high percentage of dentists were struggling with skeletal- muscle problems and they were in moderate to high range of risk for these type of disorders.
Roghieh Aliakbari, Mohammad Vahedian-Shahroodi, Hadi Tehrani, Habibollah Esmaeili, Rajabali Hokmabadi,
Volume 31, Issue 1 (6-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aims: The dentistry profession is one of the most injuring professions that causes most pains and hurts for dentists because of their lack of knowledge about the ergonomic position through the work. The purpose of this study was to assess the ergonomic position of dentists with RULA method in dentists of Bojnord.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all of the Bojnord’s county dentists were selected. RULA method and Nowerdik questionnaire were used for investigating the agronomical position, and muscular-skeleton position, respectively. The analysis was done by SPSS22 using regression and chi-square test. A P-value of less than 0.005 was assumed as significant.
Results: The most muscle-skeleton reports were 55.6% (35 persons) related to back, 54% (34 persons) related to shoulders, 50.8% (32 persons) related to waist, and 47.6% (30 persons) related to neck aches. In the last 12 months, 90.5% of dentists reported pains from at least one of organs of their bodies and 27% were supposed to leave their works which the sex (P=0.84), length (P=0.75), and weight (P=0.38) were not significantly related to this case.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study educational interventions is essential to prevent the musculoskeletal disorders in dentistry.
Narges Hosseini, Sajad Roshani,
Volume 36, Issue 0 (5-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aims: Dentists are at risk of musculoskeletal disorders due to their job characteristics. The purpose of this study was to compare the posture and musculoskeletal disorders of dentists with high and low work experience.
Materials and Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study research was conducted on 76 dentists in Urmia city. Based on work experience, the samples were divided into two groups: less experienced (less than 15 years) and experienced (15 years and more). The variables of forward head, kyphosis, round shoulder, and musculoskeletal disorders were compared in two groups. Forward head and round shoulder variables were evaluated by photography, kyphosis variable by flexible ruler, and musculoskeletal disorders were evaluated by Nordic questionnaire. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics and analytical statistics (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Leven test, independent t-test and Yeoman-Whitney test).
Results: The independent t-test results showed that the angle of forward head, round shoulder, and kyphosis was higher in the high work-experience group than that of the low work-experience group (P=0.001). In comparing the prevalence of neck disorders, the results were significant such that the experienced group had more neck disorders (P=0.002). However, in examining the difference in the amount of disorders in other parts of the body, the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Experienced dentists had a higher degree of forward head, round shoulder and kyphosis positions. Although, there are musculoskeletal disorders in both groups of dentists with low and high level of experience, neck disorders were more common in high-experienced dentists than that of low-experienced ones.
