Showing 20 results for Type of Study: Review Article
Mr Dinmohammadi , A Hushmand , Ma Cheraghi , H Peyrovi ,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (9-2013)
Abstract
Background: Oppression as a phenomenon experienced by most of nurses might have a background in the historical, social, cultural, political and economic structures of a country. This study aimed to criticize and explore the phenomenon of oppression in nursing literature in order to find an explanation to manage the problem.
Materials & Methods: A literature review was conducted by performing a search on scientific databases (Pub Med, CINAHL & Ovid) using the key terms such as ―nurse/ nursing‖, and ―oppression‖ systematically. Eventually 31 articles published during recent two decades were selected to get reviewed.
Results: In this study, there has been an effort to define the terminology of oppression`s concepts and its historical background, attributes, and consequences. Furthermore, this study considered introducing available models and theories and preventive approaches and managing this phenomenon in nursing profession.
Conclusion: Hierarchal structures in hospital environment provide conducive conditions for the oppression to emerge. Presence and consistency of the phenomenon and its consequences have irreparable effects on nurses as well as their organization, patients and care quality. Adopting practical and effective strategies in a framework of supportive, informative, and educational actions and managerial policies from authorities and related organizations could create an effective environment, which will result in unity, empowerment and self-confidence of nurses.
Ebrahim Jaafaripooyan, Zahra Madady,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (9-2015)
Abstract
Background: Patient safety is one of the key principals to the trust in any health care system nowadays. Medication errors, as a key safety threatening factors, could increase patients’ length of stay and healthcare costs in hospitals and might lead into injury and finally death. Therefore, this study seeks to compare the incidence and proposed solutions of Iran and selected countries in order for preventing medication errors.
Materials and Methods: This applicable study is a review article searching in such databases as SID, IranMedex, Pubmed, and Scopus to identify and select its related papers. At last, 25 studies were considered for this study.
Results: According to the results of studies, shortage of nurses, nurses’ inexperience, job stress, physicians’ handwriting and lack of information on medications were the highly frequent incidence causes. Training courses on medicine dispensing and hands-on training were the most important solution.
Conclusion: Given the existing gap between the medication errors incidence rate of Iran and selected countries, the latter’s experiences such as transparency and responsibility and active role of hospital pharmacies could be utilized by the former.
Abdolvahed Khodamoradi, Arash Rashidian, Siamak Aghlmand, Mohmad Arab,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (9-2015)
Abstract
Background: Informal payments are paid to individuals /health care providing organizations offering as cash or non-cash and are formed out of formal payment channels. This study aim at identifying the types of informal payments, causes, effects and policies to deal with them.
Materials and Methods: This study was a review one and relative published articles identified by searching valid database ( Medlib, SID, Pub Med, Science Direct and Google Scholar)using keywords with their equal in Persian (informal payment and unofficial payment) and 128 articles were extracted. The articles refined step by step. In conclusion, 20 articles were selected according to study aims.
Results: The study findings consist of five main sections including the definition and form of informal payments, the existent causes of informal payments, effects of informal payments, statistics of informal payments in Iran and the world and policies to dealing with this important issue.
Conclusion: Due to the high prevalence of informal payments and severe negative effects on justice and respectable governance, policy-makers should focus on this issue and reduce its effects. Although, strategies to control informal payments are limited but strategies including regulation payment and medical tariffs, regulating power abuse, providing incentives and increasing responsibility of healthcare professionals, and changes in public perception are proposed.
Mr Hojat , , ,
Volume 14, Issue 4 (1-2016)
Abstract
Background: providing human resources is one of the most important factors to achieve the organization goals. Human resources are the most valuable aspect in production and service delivery. Staff shortages and excesses can be effective in reducing quality of services.This study aimed at assessing the hospitals' human resources condition from 2001 to 2014.
Materials and Methods: This review article extracted required information from ISI, Pubmed, Scopus, Wiley, Proquest, Emerald, Magiran, SID ,Iranmedex, Google, Google scholar and other related database considering keywords Human resource, Human resource management, Staff, Workforce, Hospital ,Iran, staff nursing, medical, physician personnel with Persian equation. Searched Articles Search Based on article objectives analyzed step to step with arrangement with study title, abstract and full text.
Results: Findings revealed that the majority of hospitals faced to lack and inappropriate distribution of human resources especially in medicine and nursing but there was no shortage in logistic, financial, paramedics and allied professional human resources.
Conclusions: Correct and appropriate human resources management, planning due to compensated inadequate human resources and raising them to a standard level can enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of hospital activities.
Shahin Salarvand, Rohollah Sheikh Abumasoudi , Fahime Kashani, Mahnaz Samadbeik, Hamed Salarvand,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (6-2016)
Abstract
Background: Informative hospital website is a suitable system to exchange information between patients, hospital and health professionals and attracting consumers in hospitals. This study aimed at determining quality indicators of hospitals' websites.
Materials and Methods: A literature review study was performed by searching in different databases such as ProQuest, Ovid, Science direct, Scopus, Google scholar, PMC, PubMed and Persian Electronic Databases like Iranmedex ،Magiran ، SID, Iran doc) using Quality and Hospital website keywords. Full text of articles including English and Persian were reviewed from 2001 to 2014. Selection criteria were articles' subject which were about quality websites hospital and some articles which found from other health-related Websites (85 articles). According to the requirements and selection criteria 45 article were utilized.
Results: In this review, some indicators notified such as Alexa rank, Google page rank, website type, technical content of website, information and hospital facilities, medical and admission service, online interactive services, research scientific activities, accessibility, speed of website, comprehensive plan of website, protect users' personal data, website language, user satisfaction, website map, possibility to navigating in hospital website, email of website and impartiality.
Conclusion: Today, regarding to the importance of hospital websites' quality and addressing to biotourism, it is recommended that hospital websites become so efficient, accessible, useful, credible and accessible in order to further clients satisfaction.
Fatemeh Arabi Basharic , Mohammad Reza Mobinizadeh, Alireza Olyaeemanesh, Morteza Arab Zozani ,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (6-2016)
Abstract
Background: Intravascular imaging is a tool to detect coronary artery atherosclerosis which plays the major role in vessel stenosis degree determination and plaque pathology as a supplement of invasive angiography. This study aimed at comparing Intravascular imaging with invasive angiography.
Materials and Methods: For retrieving second type studies, PubMed, Cochrane Library and Centre for Review and Dissemination (CRD) were searched up to September 2013. Searching was carried out by two persons using angiography and intravascular imaging keywords. Studies which compared intravascular ultrasound technology with invasive angiography were analyzed.
Results: Based on studies which reported the rate of target lesion revascularization (TLR) after one year of follow-up, there was a statistically significant difference between intravascular ultrasound and invasive angiography alone. It seems that TLR rate was lower with intravascular ultrasound (P = 0.02).In terms of cost effectiveness, approximately 54, 000 USD spend per each QALY using IVUS method.
Conclusion: Although, intravascular ultrasound could be able to detect coronary arteries damages and help out physician in selecting the most appropriate treatment, but due to the high cost of an intravascular ultrasound catheter, the invasive angiography is choice of physicians and patients in coronary intervention.
Abbas Jahangiri,
Volume 15, Issue 3 (8-2016)
Abstract
Background: Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a mathematical model that evaluates the relative efficiency of Decision Making Units (DMUs) with multiple input and output. The purpose of this paper was systematic study of applying this technique in Iranian hospitals.
Materials and Methods: In this systematic review which was conducted in September 2015 and February2016, attempted to search the research which conducted in Iranian hospitals regardless of the time of publication using searching keywords in six scientific databases and with the help of Google search engine. A total of 6,613 researches found. Then, 6,566 researches removed from the study because of the irrelevant, repetitive and Inaccessibility to the full text. Then, attempted to statistical analysis of 47 remaining researches via Excel 2010 software.
Results: 93.6 percent of the researches were published in 2009 onwards. The most research and least research have been conducted in three and eleven provinces respectively. The diversity of output indexes have been more than diversity of input indexes. In 81 percent of researches; input oriented model was used and in 74.5 percent of researches variable returns to scale is assumed. In most studies, referred to Iran's inefficient hospitals because of existence of excess resources.
Conclusions: In last seven years, the interest of Iranian researchers has increased about DEA application in hospitals especially in Tehran, Yazd and Khoozestan provinces. Scientific and rational use of resources is a proposal to the relevant authorities.
Mohammad Mehdi Ghaemi, Hamid Moghaddasi, Alireza Kazemi,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (4-2017)
Abstract
Background: Despite the fact that only one-third of chest pains occur due to heart diseases, still physicians have tendency to admit most of these patients to reduce risk of negligence and its consequences.Clinical decision support systems (CDSS) enable physicians to distinguish better cardiac from non-cardiac chest pain. This study reviewed articles which focused on this issue.
Materials and Methods: Google scholar and PubMed database were targeted for search. Out of ninety primary matching articles based on the title, abstract and keywords, 28 full texts were relevant which were included in this study.
Results: Included articles were classified into two categories such as managing hospital resources and increasing the accuracy of diagnosis. Study results in the first categoryshowed decrease in both reception and referral time up to 30% and length of hospital stay up to 26% using CDSS. In the second category, the highest reported accuracy of diagnosis was 97% and the maximum sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 89.43% respectively. Even though, the results of a study revealed that the accuracy of decision support system in diagnosing cardiac chest pain was better than the compared cardiologists.
Conclusion: Considering the role of CDSS in managing hospital resources and improving accuracy of diagnosing cardiac chest pain, it is suggested that emergency wards and cardiac screening centers equipped by these systems.
Somayeh Nouri, Dr Leila Riahi, Dr Kamran Hajinabi, Dr Katayuon Jahangiri ,
Volume 16, Issue 4 (2-2018)
Abstract
Background: Priority setting and resource allocation are assumed to be the most important issues of health-sector and fairness thereof requires considering various criteria. This study was performed to identify the criteria used for priority setting and resource allocation in the world health systems through comprehensive review.
Materials and Methods: Cochrane, PubMed and SCOPUS database were searched systematically from Jan.1,2005 to Oct.10,2016. The English articles with codified and specified qualitative and quantitative criteria in the resource allocation context in health sector were included in the study. The obtained data were synthetized thematically.
Results: Overall, 9162 papers were extracted. At the beginning of review of the included articles, 9089 papers were removed due to duplication and also based on the title. The abstracts of the remained papers were reviewed and 17 papers were removed. Full text of 59 remained papers were reviewed and based on matching with the inclusion criteria, 34 other papers were removed, too, and ultimately 25 papers were included in the final phase of the study. Extracted criteria were categorized into four dimentions based on economic, management, structural and contextual, out of which the most frequent ones were related to cost, health system goals, local capacity and disease status, respectively.
Conclusion: In this study, the most important criteria used by policy makers and decision makers of health system in the world were extracted for priority setting and resource allocation. The results indicated that in the world, priority setting and resource allocation in the health system is made mainly based on criteria such as cost-effectiveness, disease status, equity/equality and the need.
Dr Masoumeh Erfani Khanghahi, Dr Farbod Ebadi Fard Azar,
Volume 17, Issue 2 (9-2018)
Abstract
Background: The Pabon Laso Model is one of the most important models of evaluating efficiency. Many studies are implemented with this model in Iranian hospitals. This study aimed to review related articles with systemic review and meta-analysis method.
Materials and Methods: The data was gathered using related keywords in databases such as IranMedex, MagIran, IranDoc, Medlib, SID, PubMed, Google Scholar, Elsevier, and Scopus. The articles were searched during 2001 to 2015. Inclusion criteria were determined as articles published in Persian and English, Pointing at least one of three criteria Pabon Lasso model in Iran and access to full-text articles. Exclusion criteria were articles other than hospital performance assessment, and articles which presented as conferences event, case reports, letters to the editor and educational articles. Meta-analysis method was used for calculating Pabon Lasso indices. CMA: 2(Comprehensive Meta-Analysis) was utilized.
Results: 27 articles out of 396 articles were reviewed. The results of 348 hospitals had shown 79.9(22.9%), 76.8(21.7%), 117.8(33.8%), and 74.6(21.4%) of hospitals were in areas one, two, three, and four, respectively. The average of length of stay, bed occupancy, and bed turnover were 3.4 (3-3.7, 95% CI), 63 (41-95,95% CI), and 78.4 (71.8-85.2, 95% CI) per year, respectively.
Conclusion: Study results revealed that only one-third of hospitals were in area three in Pabon Lasso model. The performance status of three fields were average in the length of stay (approximately standard), bed occupancy (upper than standard), and bed turnover (lower than standard).
Mahdiyeh Heydari, Dr Leila Doshmangir,
Volume 17, Issue 4 (2-2019)
Abstract
Background: Need to assess the health system performance, various models and frameworks have been developed by different groups and organizations. This study explores health system performance assessment frameworks using the comparative-analytical study.
Materials and Methods: This is a comparative-descriptive study conducted using descriptive-prescriptive method based on comprehensive comparative analysis. The scope of research includes health system frameworks. The study results compared and interpreted based on identified factors in comparative tables.
Results: Overall, 11 frameworks out of 16 ones described, analyzed and compared to each other. Some of the frameworks in addition to providing insight about the health system have focus on assessment of health system performance. Each framework follows especial goals which focus on importance the health systems assessment.
Conclusion: During the time, health system frameworks have changed and developed according to the health systems changes. Developed Frameworks in recent years are more comprehensive than others which have been presented at first. Utilizing these frameworks in order to identify health system goals, assess based on responsibility (organizational actions or outside the organizations) and ways to reach them can be effective. Using the developed frameworks based on their domains and objectives can be considered in health system performance.
Abbas Jahangiri, Mohammad Jahangiri,
Volume 18, Issue 2 (8-2019)
Abstract
Background: One of the most important ways to promote the quality and attractiveness of the journal for readers is the accurate evaluation of the published articles research methodology in the journals. The purpose of this study was to investigate the research methods of the articles published in the Journal of Hospital.
Materials & Methods: In this descriptive study, the research methods of all articles published in the Journal of Hospital from Fall 2016 to Fall 2018 including qualitative or quantitative, field or library research , data collection methods, data analysis software, location of research, nature of the research (descriptive or analytical, etc.), topics, as well as the number of authors were investigated.
Results: Data of 55.29% of papers was qualitative that was turned to quantitative, 47.06% of articles had descriptive-analytical method, and 68.24% of papers had employed a field research method. In addition, 51.76% of articles had used questionnaire and the SPSS software was used in 52.08% of the articles. The location of 45.45% of researches was in Tehran province. Finally, the subject of 23.53% of papers was policy making, planning, leadership, and management in hospitals.
Conclusion: Most authors of the articles have followed a very similar research method during the mentioned period. So, creating diversity in the nature of the researches, using other methods of collecting information rather than questionnaires, doing more library research, and not limiting the researches to Tehran province are the most important suggestions for future researchers.
Mahmoud Mirakbari, Maryam Ooshaksaraie, Maryam Daneshmand Mehr, Hossein Amouzad Khalili, Seyed Ali Majidi,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (8-2020)
Abstract
Introduction : A large number of hospitals and medical healthcare centers catch fire every year. Nowadays, one of the most significant challenges that hospital designers and health providers faced with is fire safety. This study conducted to determine a comprehensive model for fire safety in hospitals by reviewing related studies.
Method: This study was conducted using a comprehensive review to find a research paper published on fire in hospitals. Electronic databases such as PubMed Scopus google were searched using the proper search strategy.
Results: Overall, 14 studies were obtained. The findings were analyzed qualitatively through thematic synthesis and divided into some main themes: essential sections and divisions of hospitals in the field of fire, emergency exit patterns, materials and construction status, Flammable consumables materials in hospitals, and appropriate firefighting equipment.
Conclusion: The dangers of medical equipment and flammable material, the types of firefighting equipment in the hospital building, architectural safety issues regarding the degree of fire resistance of structures, roofs, doors, walls, and emergency exit stairs are crucial points To protect staff and patients in hospitals that should consider simultaneously.
Hamid Mohammadi, Shahram Tofighi, Mostafa Rajabi, Hamidreza Izadbakhsh, Bahar Hafezi,
Volume 21, Issue 1 (5-2022)
Abstract
Background: The use of simulation models can help elucidate the intuitive behavior of complex health care problems. Today, the complexity of problems goes far beyond our capacity to solve them manually. System simulation is considered as a wise option by approaching structural problems and understanding the complex interactions within the problems and their changes. The purpose of this study is to review the most advanced applications of system dynamics in healthcare.
Materials and methods: This study is a systematic selection of articles that explored the applications of system dynamics in health care in 11 databases between 1999 and 2019. The focus of this research was on articles with the keywords including system dynamics in health care, dynamic health care analysis, continuous health care simulation or dynamic health care simulation.
Results: 79 articles related to system dynamics applications in healthcare were identified in databases. Eighty-five percent of the articles focused on finance, politics, government, regulation, public health, and health care planning. Among the articles, the patient's treatment path, obesity and demand for healthcare workforce were examined.
Conclusion: The tendency to use continuous simulation in healthcare has increased. However, the power of hybrid simulation can take advantage of the inherent strength of the system dynamics overview perspective, and in a hybrid model it can utilize a holistic perspective for managing health care systems. Potential areas with the application of systems dynamics in future research include planning and policy-making in public health decision-making, purchasing quality management, care and risk.
Elahe Eyshi, Omid Khosravizadeh, Aisa Maleki, Bahman Ahadinezhad,
Volume 21, Issue 2 (9-2022)
Abstract
Aim & Background: Cost management is the most important factor affecting the economic performance of the hospital. Good management of costs in the short term stabilizes and balances the operating balance of the hospital and secures the hospital in terms of liquidity. Also, good management of costs in the long term makes the hospital financially stable. According to the mentioned cases and increasing hospital costs, the present study was conducted with the aim of identifying and investigating the factors, drivers and obstacles to improve cost management.
Methods & Materials: This systematic review was conducted in 2020. Data was collected through searching keywords in Google scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Science direct, Magiran, SID and Irandoc databases from 2007 to 2020. The classification of the results of the studies was done by the researchers.
Results: All the components identified and extracted from the articles were divided into four dimensions (increasing factors, prerequisites, obstacles and solutions) to improve hospital cost management.
Conclusion: Reviewing the results of each study showed the importance of each component in managing, improving and controlling hospital costs. In this regard, policy makers at decision-making level and managers at executive level should pay attention to the components and dimensions affecting the control and improvement of hospital costs according to the structure, process and expected consequences, and then decide on their implementation.
Mahnaz Mayel Afshar, Maryam Goodarzi,
Volume 22, Issue 1 (5-2023)
Abstract
Background: Corona virus is a phenomenon that has faced the world with a crisis due to its rapid spread and uncontrollable nature. Although this crisis is only related to the medicine and health system, it is a multidimensional phenomenon whose effects and consequences can be observed and tracked in various economic, social, and political fields. The purpose of this article is to investigate the results of the Corona Virus on the environment.
Materials & Methods: The current study is a scoping review article that was performed based on the collection of information from articles published in the databases ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and PubMed in the period from 2019 to 2022 with the aim of investigating the consequences of the Corona crisis on the environment.
Results: The findings of this research illustrate that the corona virus crisis and the quarantine conditions have brought many consequences for the environment. On the one hand, as a result of the cessation of many human activities, there is a significant reduction in the emission of pollutants, including greenhouse gases, and on the other hand, waste, especially medical and plastic waste, has increased.
Conclusion: Despite the positive effects of Covid-19 on environmental factors, its short-term and long-term negative effects are obvious. In addition, it seems that the economic activity of country will intensify after Corona, and therefore, with a comprehensive analysis of the effects of Covid-19 on several sectors, significant proceedings should be taken in this field.
Ebrahim Hasanzadeh, Hasan Aboulghasem Gorji, Aziz Rezapour, Mani Yousef Vand,
Volume 22, Issue 2 (9-2023)
Abstract
Background and purpose: Supplementary health insurance plays a pivotal role in the health economy and individual payments, enhancing access to health services and improving individual quality of life. This study aims to explore the challenges and strategies for developing supplementary health insurance.
Methods: This systematic review examined research related to the challenges and strategies for the development of supplementary health insurance in various countries, focusing on articles published in the last five years in both domestic and international databases. For each article, a data extraction form was completed, and the data were subsequently classified, summarized, and analyzed.
Results: Seventeen articles met the study's inclusion and exclusion criteria and were analyzed. The main challenges and strategies for developing supplementary health insurance were identified across seven primary themes: premium and financing, electronic infrastructure, quality improvement, moral hazards and adverse selection, cost-effectiveness and efficiency, evidence-based decision-making, and effective awareness and advertising.
Conclusion: Considering the numerous identified challenges and barriers in the development of supplementary health insurance, it is recommended to focus on creating electronic infrastructures and necessary platforms to enhance and develop policies in supplementary health insurance, particularly in the dimensions of service packages, cost-effectiveness, and efficiency
Mohammad Heydaryan Manesh, Aida Asghary, Ebrahim Jaafaripooyan,
Volume 22, Issue 3 (12-2023)
Abstract
The provision of virtual health care has currently received ample attention from health systems worldwide, due to the recent conditions and events. Many countries are trying to provide their preliminary visits and a relatively wide range of other care virtually, paving the way towards the introduction of virtual clinics. However, in many countries, this concept has not been clearly defined, and the characteristics that are necessary to use the virtual clinics are still unknown. This perspective has sought to explain the concept of virtual clinics and their characteristics with a brief review of related literature.
Saeede Afshari, Shaghayegh Vahdat, Iravan Masoudi Asl, Somayeh Hesam,
Volume 22, Issue 4 (1-2024)
Abstract
Background and purpose: In today’s competitive organizational landscape, the significance of recruiting and developing competent human resources has become paramount. Organizations not only aim to select and attract capable and efficient personnel but also seek to enhance and expand their capabilities. Consequently, the concept of meritocracy has become a key concern for modern organizations. This study aims to investigate the factors influencing succession planning in the leadership of healthcare organizations in Iran.
Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using content analysis in 2020. The statistical population comprised key decision-makers and policymakers in successful and prominent Iranian organizations known for effective succession planning, such as the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) and the public banking system. A total of 15 experts were selected through purposive and snowball sampling, with data collection continuing until theoretical saturation was achieved. Data were gathered through structured interviews, and the analysis and coding were performed using MAXQDA 11 software.
Results: The study identified five main themes: alignment of strategic goals and needs analysis, strategic communication and organizational structure, talent identification and empowerment, development and excellence of qualified individuals, and monitoring of succession planning programs. These were further divided into 13 sub-themes.
Conclusion: Organizations and managers should provide comprehensive support and demonstrate commitment to the effective implementation of succession planning programs. This will lead to improved organizational decisions and policies, ensuring that competent and qualified individuals are placed in key positions. Additionally, this approach will enhance work quality, boost employee motivation, reduce resource wastage, and improve career advancement opportunities for staff.
Mahshid Zare, Zahra Kavosi, Sedighe Sadat Tabatabaei Far,
Volume 23, Issue 1 (5-2024)
Abstract
Background and purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has brought a significant shock to healthcare systems worldwide, including Iran. The mental health of nurses, who have been at the forefront of the fight against the virus, has been profoundly impacted. This study aims to examine the mental health status of Iranian nurses during the pandemic.
Methods: This rapid review was conducted by searching keywords such as "Mental Health," "Nurse," and "COVID-19" in databases including Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, Mag Iran, and Civilica. Articles were selected based on their titles, abstracts, and full texts in alignment with the study’s research objectives.
Results: The reviewed studies revealed a range of mental health disorders among nurses working in COVID-19 wards, with stress, anxiety, and depression being the most common. Several factors, such as demographic variables and the specific departments where nurses served, were identified as influencing their mental health. Given that the mental health of nurses affects the quality of care, resilience, and job satisfaction, various strategies have been proposed to improve their mental health.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that the mental health status of nurses is not at an optimal level, and neglecting this issue could lead to long-term harm to the healthcare system and its economic stability. It is recommended that healthcare managers and policymakers implement appropriate measures to address this critical concern.
