Journal of

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Abstract Background: Hand hygiene is the simplest and most effective preventive measures to reduce cross infection in hospitals. However, compliance with recommended instructions is commonly poor among healthcare workers. The present study aimed to explore potential behavioral determinants of hand hygiene compliance among healthcare workers in intensive care units. Methods and Materials: A qualitative study was conducted, consisting of 42 semi-structures interviews with physicians (attending physicians, non-attending physicians, residents), nurses, nursing students and medical students, who worked in the intensive care units. Results: Participants mentioned self protection as the main reason for the performance of hand hygiene. According to the participants, hand hygiene was often performed after direct contacts and tasks that were perceived to be dirty. Participants were most concerned about knowledge gaps in hand hygiene practice. Most participants believed that having a good theoretical knowledge of hand hygiene guideline may strengthen healthcare workers' attitudes toward hand hygiene. Junior practitioners believed that the superiors' hand hygiene practice could influence their performance both negatively and positively. Participant also believed that the lack of formal and informal control may hinder compliance among healthcare workers. High workload, interruptions, and limited access to hand hygiene products were mentioned as primary barriers to hand hygiene. Conclusion: The findings revealed that a number of factors can influence had hygiene practice. Recommendations of the current study are of value to future researches aiming to improve compliance with hand hygiene behavior among healthcare workers.

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Background: One of the main pillars of quality in health services is patient-centered that brings the best outcomes for patients. This study was aimed at comparing the patient-centered situation in selected hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) from the viewpoint of nurses and patients in 2014.

Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was done among 220 nurses (n=103) and hospitalized patients (n=117) in selected hospitals of TUMS. The data gathering instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire which measured seven dimensions of the patient-centered. The validty was confirmed by the opinions of experts and its reliability was 0.96 by Cronbach's alpha. Data analyzes were performed by SPSS software and using one-way ANOVAtest.

Results: Mean score of patient-centered in the studied hospitals from the nurses and patients viewpoint was 2.79 (±0.50) and 2.87 (±0.58), respectively. From the viewpointof nurses and patients, the highest and the lowest mean score were related to the confidentiality and dignity dimension and the patient choice dimension, respectively. Based on ANOVA analysis, there was a significant difference between the mean scores of nurses and patients in quality of amenity and social support dimension (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Patient choice, quality of amenity and prompt attention were identified as priorities for action to improve patient-centered situation in studied hospitals. It is recommended that hospital authorities should be place in a matter of priority the dimensions of the patient-centered which are in poor condition in order to increase the level of patient satisfaction and loyalty.

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Background: Accidents are one of the important health problems in the medical community and the third cause of death after cardiovascular disease and cancer in the world, which can cause irreversible damage and lesion, impose heavy costs and depreciation. Therefore, this study aimed to identify epidemiological aspects of the accidents in the first six months in 2012.

Materials and Methods: This applied, descriptive and analytical study was conducted during the first 6 months of 2012. Study population was 1952 injured who referred to emergency department to selected hospitals of Mazandaran Province. Data collection performed using checklist of Center for Disease Control as well as interviews and observations. Data was analysis through SPSS version 17 using descriptive and interfere (x² and Regression) tests.

Results: Study results revealed that there was a significant relationship between incidents leading to injury or death among referred to hospitals with age (p=0.03), gender (p=0.04), type of incident (p<0.001), place of injury ( p=0.005) and type of transfer to hospital ( p<0.001).

Conclusion: Regarding to the significant variables such as the type and location of accident, type of transfer the injured to the hospital, age and gender with accidents and death, planning appropriate education of law to youth, providing air bag and safety improvement of all cars, planning relevant road assistance system, accurate monitoring to its implementation, qualitative and quantitative development of medical centers recommended to Policy makers in health issues.