Sajad Ghorbanizadeh, Fatemeh Tajar, Zahra Asadi Piri, Satar Rezaei, Yaser Mokhayeri, Soraya Nouraei Motlagh,
Volume 20, Issue 3 (12-2021)
Abstract
Introduction: Socio-economic inequalities in the use of dental services are a major challenge to health policies in many countries. This cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate socio-economic inequalities in utilization of dental services in households of Lorestan province and comparing it with neighboring provinces.
Methods: Data required for the study were collected from the household expenditure and income survey (HIES). The study population included 5547 households in the western provinces of the country. Logistic regression method was used to determine the most important factors affecting the use of dental services, and the focus index was used to measure inequality between income groups. Data analysis was performed using Stata software version 14.
Results: The highest and lowest percentages of dental services among households were related to Hamedan (7.02%) and Lorestan (3.19%) provinces, respectively. The results of the focus index showed that the benefits and costs of dental services were concentrated among households with higher socio-economic status. In other words, inequality benefits the rich. Being a female head of household and increased size of the household leads to a decrease in the use of these services. The higher education level of the head of the household and the increase in the number of employed and literate household members showed a positive relationship with the utilization of dental services.
Conclusion: Benefiting from dental services was significantly higher among higher socio-economic groups. These inequalities can be avoided by introducing and implementing targeted policies. Low-income households, lower education levels, and the unemployed should be the focus of health policies to address unmet dental care needs.
Sepideh Masoud Sinaki, Akbar Hassanpoor, Vajhollah Ghorbanizadeh,
Volume 24, Issue 2 (9-2025)
Abstract
Background and purpose: Collaborative Human Resource Management (CHRM) is pivotal for enhancing organizational synergy. This study aimed to validate a CHRM model in the healthcare sector to demonstrate its capacity to institutionalize collaboration, thereby improving team efficiency, healthcare service quality, and team satisfaction.
Methods: This applied, quantitative study was conducted in early 2025. The statistical population comprised 550 administrative staff members at Tehran University of Medical Sciences. A sample size of 225 was determined using Krejcie and Morgan’s table. Data were collected using a researcher-developed questionnaire based on the CHRM model, encompassing six main dimensions (core components, causal factors, contextual factors, outcomes, intervening conditions, and strategies) and 16 subcategories. The reliability of the instrument was confirmed with Cronbach's alpha coefficients exceeding 0.78. Data analysis involved Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) using SPSS software and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) via Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in SmartPLS software.
Results: The model indicators were analyzed across six sections. The Goodness of Fit (GOF) index was calculated at 0.506, indicating a strong and favorable fit for the model. Furthermore, significant correlations were observed among all model components, including causal factors, intervening conditions, contextual factors, the core phenomenon, strategies, and outcomes.
Conclusion: The findings confirm the validity of the Collaborative Human Resource Management model. Implementing this framework is anticipated to significantly enhance organizational efficiency and effectiveness within the university context.
