Journal of

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Background: If a managers try for further income or productivity so they must attentive their staff incentive. One of the most issue in the management process is that managers can distinguish strength of staff but they can't determine their weakness . ACHIEVE model present seven factors ( ability, clarify, help, incentive , evaluation, validity , environment ) that effective to staff performance . and this model help manager to determine cause of performance problem. And create change strategy for solving those problem .
Material & Methods: It is descriptive , survey and inferential study , the population is university hospital managers in Esfahan university. data is gathered through achieve questionnaire that supported by member of management faculty.The reliability is supported based on α koren bakh . for analysis of data use spss soft ware .
Results: Finding show that : Average number of ability factor is (87/5+12/2) , clarify factor (82/3+14/8), help factor (82/6+15/7) , incentive factor ( 81/4+ 15/4), evaluation factor (77/2+15/6) , validity factor (82/7+ 17/3),and environment factor is (85/2+12/8). and base on Pierson test (p<0/05) all of the factor are effective on staff performance.
Conclusion: Today the important problem in health care organization is staff effectiveness . in fact , performance improvement is the most step for organization improvement.

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Background: Activity-Based Costing Analyzes the Activities Performed in the Service Delivery Process and Accurately Identifies Costs to Improve The Performance and Efficiency of The Delivery Units and Calculates the Cost of Each Activity by Identifying Services and Activities. The Purpose of This Study Was to Calculate the Cost of Radiology Services Based on Activity Based Costing Method In Firooz Abadi Hospital.
 
Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive retrospective study conducted in 2018. Data were collected through interview with Hospital officials, direct observation and from existing documents in hospital. Data entry was done through Excel software and analyzed Based on activity-based costing system in eight steps.
 
Results: Based on the Findings of this Study, Four Types of Imaging Services Were Commonly Found In Firooz Abadi Hospital. From Total Radiology Costs, 79.3% Were Estimated to Be Related to Direct Costs and 20.7% to Indirect Costs. Finally, the Cost Per CT Scan Service Was 725,133 Rials, Mammography 608,054 Rials, Radiology 809,165 Rials and Ultrasound Service 512,692 Rials.
 
Conclusion: Results of the Study Indicated that Direct Costs accounted for most Costs in Radiology Unit, So Improving Performance and Policies in Health System, Particularly in Human Resource Management, Service Consumption Standardization and Staff Training Suggested to Cost Reduction.
 

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Background and purpose: Supplementary health insurance plays a pivotal role in the health economy and individual payments, enhancing access to health services and improving individual quality of life. This study aims to explore the challenges and strategies for developing supplementary health insurance.
Methods: This systematic review examined research related to the challenges and strategies for the development of supplementary health insurance in various countries, focusing on articles published in the last five years in both domestic and international databases. For each article, a data extraction form was completed, and the data were subsequently classified, summarized, and analyzed.
Results: Seventeen articles met the study's inclusion and exclusion criteria and were analyzed. The main challenges and strategies for developing supplementary health insurance were identified across seven primary themes: premium and financing, electronic infrastructure, quality improvement, moral hazards and adverse selection, cost-effectiveness and efficiency, evidence-based decision-making, and effective awareness and advertising.
Conclusion: Considering the numerous identified challenges and barriers in the development of supplementary health insurance, it is recommended to focus on creating electronic infrastructures and necessary platforms to enhance and develop policies in supplementary health insurance, particularly in the dimensions of service packages, cost-effectiveness, and efficiency