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Backgrounds: Explanation of Cognitive empowerment & Human Sources Productivity is theoretically & practically important . This research is aimed to examine the relationship between psychological empowerment of staff with human resources’ productivity. Materials & Methods: This study is applied by purpose and survey by method and correlation was used to investigate the mentioned relationship . The statistical population consist of administrative and financial stuff of Hashemi Nejad hospital. The data were collected by questionnaire and interviewing and observing. Two types of questionnaire had been distributed among statistical samples for testing survey’s hypotheses witch their questions were based on Likert scale of seven. First questionnaire’s reliability was 0.95 and second one was 0.93. Due to achieve survey’s objectives, both analytical and descriptive statistic had been used. Results: using Pearson correlation coefficient, the survey’s testing hypothesis showed a significant correlation between component of cognitive empowerment and four variables of human recourses productivity (organizational commitment, organizational participation, job creativity and job satisfaction). The relationship between the empowerment component and four other variables were 0.95, 0.90, .0.86 and 0.85 respectively. Conclusion: using effective psychological empowerment components can play a major role in stuff’s productivity.

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Background: Necessity of development, quantity and quality improvement needs of medical tourists had been unavoidable based on medical tourism growth with its competitive function. This study aimed to determine satisfaction rate of medical tourists referee to Tabriz hospitals to get treatment services.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive and analytical study was conducted on 82 medical tourists referee to all wards of selected hospitals using convenient sampling method in Tabriz city. Data was collected using a-28 items valid and reliable researcher made questionnaire. Cronbach’s Alpha was calculated 0.708. In order to data analysis, SPSS Software version 23 was utilized. Also, Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to assess the association between different aspects of patients’ satisfaction.
Results: Satisfaction rate was obtained in five main aspects including cultural problems (51.88%), structural issue (57.50%), insurance payment system (16.04%), information system and communication channels (41.34%) the economic challenges (50.35%). The information system and communication channels had high effect on economic aspects (p<0.001).
Conclusion: It seems necessary that health policy makers and managers pay more attention to foreign medical tourists and faced challenges correction in order to change Tabriz city to a medical tourism center of excellence and improving regional economic development. 

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Background and Purpose: Infections related to inadequate healthcare practices can have adverse effects on healthcare systems. This study aims to identify the gap between the current handwashing practices and standard levels by determining the frequency of handwashing among staff at Shahid Modares Hospital in Tehran.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the wards of Shahid Modares Hospital between 2018 and 2019. The tool comprised two parts: job information and hand hygiene practices at different times and specific actions. Observers directly monitored all staff in each shift using a headcount method. Each column represented the hand hygiene compliance score of a specific professional group, allowing simultaneous performance evaluation.
Results: Out of 640 observed instances, 202 involved the use of disinfectants, 255 involved handwashing, 111 involved glove use, and in 71 instances, hand hygiene was not observed. The highest compliance occurred when staff intended to contact the patient's body, while the lowest compliance was observed after performing surgery on the patient.
Conclusion: Given the significant role of nurses in therapeutic interventions, multifaceted training interventions, the drafting of hand hygiene policies, and increasing awareness among department officials should prioritize this group of employees. These measures aim to bring practices closer to desired standards and prevent unwanted consequences.