A Jonidi Jafari, S Golbaz, H Sajjadi,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (2-2013)
Abstract
Background: The environmental hygiene standards are one of the factors that compliance with them can help hospitals achieve their goals. Therefore having enough information about the environmental hygiene status of the hospital is of great importance. This study evaluates the environmental hygiene indexes status in hospitals.
Materials and Methods: A cross sectional - descriptive study was conducted in 2011. Using the census method, all of Karaj's hospitals formed the statistical population of this study (n=8). Data was collected from the checklist of National Program of Public Hospitals Accreditation (the hygiene and cleanliness segment) which included 68 questions with the overall score of 800 and evaluated the hygienic status of the hospital from 6 different aspects.. These checklists were filled, making interviews and observation of the status of each hospital. Data were analyzed using Excel and SPSS software (version 16).
Results: The results showed that among the different aspects of hygienic and cleanness situation of hospitals, water and wastewater hygiene and professional hygiene of the hospital had respectively the largest and lowest difference percentage with their highest standard levels. Overall, the average score of compliance with hygienic standards was about 742 ±1.9 in the entire centers. This average score was respectively, 716.5± 18, 760± 11.5 and 768 in university-related hospitals, private hospitals and hospitals related with the social security organization.
Conclusion: To improve the environment hygiene status of the hospitals, more effort through developing practical strategies, making appropriate decisions and allocating enough resources are recommended.
Abbas Jahangiri,
Volume 23, Issue 4 (2-2025)
Abstract
Background and purpose: Pharmaceutical pollutants in hospital wastewater pose significant environmental and public health risks. This study aimed to identify and prioritize effective strategies for removing these contaminants from the wastewater of selected hospitals in Markazi Province, Iran.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study employed a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach. Initially, a comprehensive review of scientific literature, expert interviews, and consultation with professionals in environmental health and wastewater treatment was conducted. Relevant strategies and prioritization criteria were identified using MAXQDA 2022. Subsequently, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was applied using Expert Choice version 11 software to assign weights to criteria and rank the identified strategies.
Results: Five key treatment strategies were identified: (1) integrated biological, physical, and chemical treatment methods (hybrid systems), (2) advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), (3) aerobic and anaerobic biological reactors, (4) membrane filtration, and (5) activated carbon adsorption. The prioritization was based on five criteria: (1) pollutant removal efficiency (0.357), (2) environmental compatibility (0.241), (3) implementation and operational costs (0.198), (4) technology durability and sustainability (0.123), and (5) implementation complexity and feasibility (0.081). The final priority scores of the strategies were 0.312, 0.256, 0.211, 0.134, and 0.087, respectively.
Conclusion: The findings indicate that hybrid treatment systems combining biological, chemical, and physical processes offer the most effective strategy for eliminating pharmaceutical pollutants in hospital wastewater. These insights can guide healthcare policymakers and hospital administrators in selecting optimal wastewater treatment methods, contributing to environmental protection and water quality improvement.
