Journal of

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Background: In order to achieve the goals of health system, trying to evaluate and improve of health system performance via policy and decision makers is necessary.
Materials & Methods: This is a descriptive and practical study .Information gathered through sheets through World Health Organization statistical reports. data analyzed by using DEAP software(version of 2) and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA).
Results: Based on study technical efficiency in various scenarios were different. The results showed that health systems are high sensitive to human resources, and health sector's usually share the national expenditure difference scenarios during the period of study which show the managing efficiency and scale improvement s in Iranian health system.
Conclusion: This study showed the countries with the highest and lowest performance and efficient states (reference) for the inefficient countries among a few countries which increased their health resources to improve performance. However, with high efficient resource allocations in the most countries to achieve into these results are very significant to economic savings.

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Background: medical centers location is one of the most important problems, which should be considered in different dimensions to improve the services. In this paper, we consider the hierarchical maximum covering problem for bi-level healthcare systems including Clinics and hospitals, by taking the service rates into account. In this problem, the initial objective is minimizing the uncovered demand nodes, and secondary objective is the minimizing the lost demand rate as a measure of potentially patients’ retention in coverage radius.

Methods: In this paper, the serving system in the Tehran heart center hospital is considered for queue analyses. The proposed method is a mathematical optimization model called probabilistic two-stage programming model. To evaluate this model, a number of numerical problems are solved through GAMS software.

Results: according to the results, we have found that the best condition for locating the medical centers is that the clinic are located adjacent to a hospital. Decision making about the location problem by considering the service rate in each healthcare centers, increases the reliability to the result of the optimization model.

Conclusion: The proposed model is able to help the decision makers to attain an optimized decision for locating the medical centers in deprived areas, inspired by the medical centers in areas with similar population. Therefore, if the clinics and hospitals are located by considering the hierarchical mode and their service rates, the patients’ welfare will be enhanced.

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Background: Priority setting and resource allocation are assumed to be the most important issues of health-sector and fairness thereof requires considering various criteria. This study was performed to identify the criteria used for priority setting and resource allocation in the world health systems through comprehensive review.
 
Materials and Methods: Cochrane, PubMed and SCOPUS database were searched systematically from Jan.1,2005 to Oct.10,2016. The English articles with codified and specified qualitative and quantitative criteria in the resource allocation context in health sector were included in the study. The obtained data were synthetized thematically.
 
Results: Overall, 9162 papers were extracted. At the beginning of review of the included articles, 9089 papers were removed due to duplication and also based on the title. The abstracts of the remained papers were reviewed and 17 papers were removed. Full text of 59 remained papers were reviewed and based on matching with the inclusion criteria, 34 other papers were removed, too, and ultimately 25 papers were included in the final phase of the study. Extracted criteria were categorized into four dimentions based on economic, management, structural and contextual, out of which the most frequent ones were related to cost, health system goals, local capacity and disease status, respectively.
 

Conclusion: In this study, the most important criteria used by policy makers and decision makers of health system in the world were extracted for priority setting and resource allocation. The results indicated that in the world, priority setting and resource allocation in the health system is made mainly based on criteria such as cost-effectiveness, disease status, equity/equality and the need. 

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Background: Today, one of the most important issues in hospital site selection is to consider the equity. This study aimed to provide a multi-objective model for fair Hospital site selection considering cost and use for hospitals construction in the future.
Materials and Methods: This study was an analytical-descriptive one conducted to determine the best locations for hospitals construction with respect to criteria of equity in Rasht city. For this purpose, after literature review, a three-objective model consist of p-median, p-envy and equitable loads objects was proposed; and the Rasht city was analyzed by model using the real data. In order to achieve the results and comparisons, the total weighting technique from the multi-objective decision-making techniques was used and solved with GAMS 24.1.1 software.
Results: This research can assist the decision-makers to consider the equity criteria to Hospital site selection in addition to the costs. Citizenship equity establishment and increasing in hospitals efficiency along with cost considerations can be regarded as the major achievements of this research for decision-makers in the health field.
Conclusion: Lack of proper attention to equity criteria hospital site selection, the results can be very unfair and can lead to irreparable consequences. This case study indicated the desirable function of the proposed model in hospital site selection with respect to the citizenship equity criteria in Rasht city. This study results can be given to managers as the proper basis for decision-making.

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Background: Among various emergency services, the air emergency due to access to the extreme areas, possibility to move more patients, providing higher quality treatment to the patient being carried and also access to the hospital without problems such as traffic and sudden crashes, is one of the most important types of emergencies in the health sector. So, the right location according to the scientific principles, enhances the efficiency of the aerial emergency.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive- analytical present study was conducted as an applied research in Sistan and Baluchestan province in 2016. At first, indicators affecting the location of ambulances were identified. Then, the location using deploying a Fuzzy network analysis process model next to the Fuzzy Dematel technique and the integration with geographic information system was performed.
Results: Criteria for selecting the best places for deploying air ambulances in Sistan and Baluchestan province are considered as proximity to the roads, appropriate tilt area, proximity to crowded areas, proximity to high risk passages, and the convenient distance from the medical emergencies. Output weights of the technique used for affecting on GIS software were calculated 0.244, 0.083, 0.435, 0.182 and 0.057, respectively.
Conclusion: Study results revealed that number and coverage of aerial ambulances in cities and roads of Sistan and Baluchestan province are not suitable. Therefore, the map derived from the Fuzzy integration of the information layers identified by the effective factors, illustrated that the districts of Zabol and Iranshahr cities have the best status of selected criteria to establish the air emergencies bases in the province of Sistan and Baluchestan.