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Nursing Medication Errors: Causes and Solutions (A Review Study)
Ebrahim Jaafaripooyan, Zahra Madady,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (9-2015)
Abstract

Background: Patient safety is one of the key principals to the trust in any health care system nowadays. Medication errors, as a key safety threatening factors, could increase patients’ length of stay and healthcare costs in hospitals and might lead into injury and finally death. Therefore, this study seeks to compare the incidence and proposed solutions of Iran and selected countries in order for preventing medication errors.

Materials and Methods: This applicable study is a review article searching in such databases as SID, IranMedex, Pubmed, and Scopus to identify and select its related papers. At last, 25 studies were considered for this study.

Results: According to the results of studies, shortage of nurses, nurses’ inexperience, job stress, physicians’ handwriting and lack of information on medications were the highly frequent incidence causes. Training courses on medicine dispensing and hands-on training were the most important solution.

Conclusion: Given the existing gap between the medication errors incidence rate of Iran and selected countries, the latter’s experiences such as transparency and responsibility and active role of hospital pharmacies could be utilized by the former.


Distribution and Adequacy of Human Resources of Hospitals in Iran (A Review Study)
Mr Hojat , , ,
Volume 14, Issue 4 (1-2016)
Abstract

Background: providing human resources is one of the most important factors to achieve the organization goals. Human resources are the most valuable aspect in production and service delivery. Staff shortages and excesses can be effective in reducing quality of services.This study aimed at assessing the hospitals' human resources condition from 2001 to 2014.

Materials and Methods: This review article extracted required information from ISI, Pubmed, Scopus, Wiley, Proquest, Emerald, Magiran, SID ,Iranmedex, Google, Google scholar and other related database considering keywords Human resource, Human resource management, Staff, Workforce, Hospital ,Iran, staff nursing, medical, physician personnel with Persian equation.  Searched Articles Search Based on article objectives analyzed step to step with arrangement with study title, abstract and full text.

Results: Findings revealed that the majority of hospitals faced to lack and inappropriate distribution of human resources especially in medicine and nursing but there was no shortage in logistic, financial, paramedics and allied professional human resources.

Conclusions: Correct and appropriate human resources management, planning due to compensated inadequate human resources and raising them to a standard level can enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of hospital activities. 


A Review of Patient Waiting Time and Its Determinants in Emergency Departments in Iran
Shahrzad Rasekhi, Sedighe Sadat Tabatabaei Far, Abdosaleh Jafari,
Volume 23, Issue 3 (11-2024)
Abstract
Background and purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the waiting time of patients referred to the emergency department and the factors affecting it in the country.
Methods: A search was conducted in the scientific databases PubMed, Science Direct, ProQuest, Scopus, Web of Science, Mag Iran and Civilica with the keywords waiting time, duration, emergency, Iran, etc. The Search period was up to 2024/02/06. After applying the search strategy, 26 studies were included in the study.
Results: The findings of the present review study (rapid review) showed that the average time from patient arrival in the emergency department to the first doctor's visit ranged from about 2 minutes to about 32 minutes, the average time from patient arrival in the emergency department to the first treatment ranged from 3.7 minutes to 262 minutes, the average time from request to the first test result was from 20.17 to 629.2 minutes, the average time from request to the first radiology result was from 5.85 to 1080 minutes, and the average time from request to the first ECG result was from 3.7 to 32.3 minutes. Also, the most important factors affecting the waiting time of patients referred to the emergency department included individual factors related to the patient, reason for referral, factors related to the hospital and emergency department, and factors related to human resources in the emergency department.
Conclusion: This study showed that patients' waiting time in the emergency department depends on various factors. To reduce it, improvements in triage, workforce management, the use of smart technologies, infrastructure enhancement, and patient education are recommended.

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