Showing 12 results for Tehran University of Medical Sciences
S Rafeiyee, A Pour Reza, A Rahimi,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (6-2014)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Human resource management has a critical role in organizations and organization culture is an outcome of human resource management performance. One of the dimensions of the organizational culture is power distance. This study aims to investigate the attitude of employees of selected hospitals of Tehran University of medical sciences towards the power distance in the organization and its consequences.
Materials and Method: This is a cross sectional study with a descriptive research design conducted in a sample of 306 employees and managers from Tehran University of Medical Sciences hospitals located in Tehran, Iran. A distinctive questionnaire for each group was developed, distributed and collected as a main procedure to gather data. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16.
Results: Study results indicates that there is a positive and significant relationship between power distance and employee participation, organizational commitment, job satisfaction, perception of justice and readiness to accept job responsibilities in the level of 95%(p value<0.05). The moderated multiple regression results also supported the hypothesis that managers’ attitude towards power distance had a significant relationship with their manner with the employees, noticing their qualifications and abilities, giving them independence and responsibility and supporting them in their role.
Conclusion: A limited power distance in an organization will result in more committed and satisfied employees with positive perception toward justice in the organizational interactions and ready to accept job responsibilities and movement toward the organization objectives.
Dr Mohammad Arab, Farhad Habibi Nodeh, Dr Abbas Rahimi Foroushani, Dr Ali Akbari Sari,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (3-2015)
Abstract
Background: Hospital waste need a very sensitive and cautious attention due to holding hazardous, toxic, and pathogenic factors such as infectious, pharmaceutical, pathological, chemical and radioactive left-overs. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the observance of safety measures by workers responsible for collecting hospital wastes in the public hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of medical sciences.
Methods and Materials: This cross-sectional and descriptive-analytic study was conducted in 1391. Data were collected through using a questionnaire. According to the frequency distribution, total score for participants was divided into three weak (<26), average (26-30), and high (>30) categories. Data were analyzed by the SPSS 18 software using T-Test, one-way ANOVA and regression analysis.
Findings: Based on the results, 33.3% of hospitals received suitable, 55.5% received average and the remaining (11.2%) received a weak score regarding safety measures. Moreover, there was a statistically significant correlation between cleaning staff’s characteristics (education, age, work experiences and their training) with their safety status score.
Conclusion: Implementing current national principles and standards and conquering shortages, proper planning, using young workers alongside with experienced ones, more training courses and respecting and paying enough attention to cleaning staff would help to improve the safety of collecting hospital wastes.
Hossien Dargahi, Alia Akbar Razghandi, Zeynab , Rajab Nezhad,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (6-2016)
Abstract
Background: Concerning to the importance of team learning and process change, the clinical laboratories employees should be familiar with organizational learning. This study aimed at assessing and determining organizational learning capability among clinical laboratories employees of Tehran University of Medical Sciences hospitals.
Materials and Methods: This study was a descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional one which conducted among 85 employees of clinical laboratories using Cochran formula at five general teaching hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The research instrument was Gomez et al. questionnaire consisted of four dimensions such management commitment, systematic approach, open climate and knowledge transfer in 17 questions. Five point Likert scale was used to rank questions. SPSS software 19 version was utilized to data analysis using t- test, Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Welch method.
Results: The average score of organizational learning among employees of studied clinical laboratories was 3.11 which showed relative desirable situation. Also, management commitment as an element of organizational learning had significant difference among the clinical laboratories (p=0.002). There was a significant relationship between employees education level with knowledge transfer and integration capability (p=0.04).
Conclusion: The process of organizational learning capability of the studied clinical laboratories was not desirable. Therefore, in order to complete establishment of organizational learning in clinical laboratories, should pay attention to some elements such establishment of patient safety system, initiation of error registration system and encouraging employees to report the errors
Dr Ebrahim Jaafaripooyan, Dr Golrokh Atighechian, Ameneh Saradar,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (7-2017)
Abstract
Background: Hospitals directly affected by disasters and crises which will be provided services facing with crises by well-informed and high performing personnel. This study aimed to determine self-efficacy level in disasters among senior managers of hospitals.
Materials and Methods: This study was a descriptive-analytical and applied one which was conducted in all public and private hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2015. Study population was all senior managers of hospitals and data was collected by a researcher-developed, valid and reliable questionnaire. Data analyzed using descriptive and Inferential statistics.
Results: Self-efficacy facing with crisis was assessed on average level (101 out of 130) and high among married men with previous experience in disasters. Also, self-efficacy level reported high among aged and position of ED managers. Nevertheless, there was no significant relationship between self-efficacy and participation in educational course and hospital ICS membership.
Conclusion: Given the relationship of self-efficacy with the aged and prior experience in disasters, these variables should be considered in selecting proper people for these positions. Moreover, having successful experiences dealing with challenges enhances the level of Self-efficacy among managers. Hence, using some techniques such as simulation or providing maneuvers can acquaint managers with the possible conditions facing with disasters.
Yeganeh Hayati , Dr Hojjat Rahmani , Dr Mohammad Arab,
Volume 16, Issue 3 (11-2017)
Abstract
Background: Health of hospital staff has a determinant role in increased productivity and since the main mission of hospitals is community health promotion, in order to achieve this important issue, monitoring, maintaining and improving general health is essential; this study developed to assess general health of staff affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences and identify its related factors.
Materials and Methods: This Cross-Sectional, Descriptive-analytical study was conducted among 320 staff members of the Tehran University of Medical Sciences who selected using random sampling. In order to data collection, the General Health questionnaire was used. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS software through t-test and ANOVA tests.
Results: Study findings revealed that 47.5% of participants had psychological disorders suspiciously; prevalence of physical symptoms, anxiety, social dysfunction and depression were 53.9%, 49.3%, 79.5% and 14.6% respectively. There was a significant relation between general health and demographic features such as gender, marital status, major, job department, housing situation and type of employment (p<0.05). Also, the personal characteristics of managers influenced on the general health staff.
Conclusion: General Health of staff in hospitals Tehran University of Medical Sciences in comparison with similar studies at inside and abroad is not in good condition, therefore, it is recommended that policy makers and managers concerned the programs and solutions towards priorities in order to promote health personnel.
Saeid Mahmoudi, Zeinab Gholampour Noghondar , Farhad Habibi Nodeh, Hossein Safari, Parvin Abbasi Borogeni,
Volume 16, Issue 4 (2-2018)
Abstract
Background: Length of stay is one of the most important and practical indices used in hospitals today which represents the performance and efficiency of the hospitals. This study aimed to identify the factors affecting length of stay in hospitals affiliated to Tehran and Iran Universities of Medical Sciences based on Hierarchical Analysis Technique.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2013. Study population consisted of 40 participants using purposive sampling method in the two groups including 13 matrons (nursing managers) and 27 supervisors (Clinical and educational) of hospitals affiliated to Tehran and Iran Universities of Medical Sciences. Data collection tool was the paired comparisons questionnaire which was confirmed validity by experts using Lawshe and reliability by Inconsistency Ratio. Data analysis was performed using Expert Choice software version 11.
Results: In general, in the studied hospitals, study results revealed that the "diagnostic, treatment and care methods (treatment efficacy)” with the mean of 21.4% and "admission and discharge in the end days of the week and the days off” with an average of 0.36 were the highest and the lowest priority is given to other factors affecting the length of stay of the patient,respectively.
Conclusion: Efficacy of provided treatment through using equipment, appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic procedures and factors related to hospital manpower were effective on length of stay in quantitative and qualitative dimensions. These important issues need more planning and pay attention by hospital officials.
Dr Hossein Dargahi, Seddigheh Asadi , Dr Batoul Ahmadi, Dr Mahmoud Mahmoudi ,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (5-2018)
Abstract
Background: Today, the organizations have found their need to a strategic planning for valuation of knowledge management. One of the most important elements for knowledge management is organizational creativity and innovation. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between knowledge management and organizational creativity and innovation among Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was a descriptive-analytical one which conducted in 120 employees of teaching hospital in 2015-2016. The study questionnaire included three questionnaires as Probst’s knowledge management questionnaire, researcher made questionnaire for organizational creativity, Patchen’s organizational innovation questionnaire and demographic information. SPSS software version 21 utilized to data analysis using descriptive statistics, independent t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient at the significant level of less than 0.05.
Results: The study results revealed that there was a relationship between knowledge management and creativity (r=0.661, P<0.001) and organizational innovation (r=0.325, P<0.001). Also, there was a significant association between organizational creativity with innovation (P=0.02).
Conclusion: Development of knowledge management could increase the rate of organizational creativity and innovation. Therefore, the policymakers, leaders and managers of hospitals should establish the knowledge management system to improve the organizational creativity and innovation, and finally promote the efficiency and effectiveness of hospital practice.
Dr Ebrahim Jaafaripooyan, Tahere Sharifi, Dr Sara Emamgholi Poor, Dr Mir Saeed Yekani Nejad, Samaneh Esmaeili,
Volume 17, Issue 2 (9-2018)
Abstract
Background: Hospital accreditation is assumed as an effective control mechanism for health systems to improve quality and efficiency. Current study thus, seeks to look into the relationship between hospitals’ accreditation and efficiency
Materials and Methods: In order to measure efficiency, hospital inputs and outputs included the ratio of physician and nurse to bed, mortality and nosocomial infection rate and quality of inpatientservices were used. A sample of 554 hospitalized patients selected using stratified random sampling
method. Data gathering instruments were researcher-developed questionnaire and checklists. DEAP and SPSS software deployed to assess correlation between accreditation rank and technical efficiency
Results: Average hospitals’ technical efficiency score was 0.94 indicating an improvement capacityof %5.1 for hospitals efficiency. The mean quality score was 4.13 out of 5( in the range of 3.9-4.3)There was no correlation between hospitals accreditation rank and their technical efficiency
Conclusion: According to the results, it seems efficiency should be also considered in accreditationmetrics. In addition, for measuring efficiency, performance based inputs and specifically outputs tohave reliable results should be chosen
Dr Hossein Dargahi, Rostam Zalvand,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (5-2019)
Abstract
Background: Physicians' full time attendance is related to increment of many hospitals performance. Regarding the present challenges, this study aimed to analyze this plan using SWOT technique and present TOWS model in Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS).
Materials and Methods: This study was a descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional one conducted during 2016-2017. Based on Cochran formula, 234 full time attending physicians randomly selected using simple randomization method. The research tool was a researcher made SWOT questionnaire which confirmed its content validity and reliability. Collected data was analyzed by SPSS software using SWOT technique and suggested TOWS strategic model.
Results: The most valuable weaknesses of mentioned plan were inappropriate coordination of physicians; lack of compensatory system, and the most important strengths were employment of young physicians and better education for medical students. The most important opportunities and threads of mentioned plan were establishment of competitive work between public and private hospitals and burnout and dispensing of experienced physicians moving to private sector, respectively.
Conclusion: Based on study findings, TOWS model strategies can be suggested for improvement of the plan.
Zahra Tahmasebi, Dr Maryam Tajvar, Dr Mohammad Arab,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (5-2019)
Abstract
Background: Due to the presence of valuable and expensive equipments in hospitals’ warehouses, scientific management and continuous evaluation plays an important role to improve the performance of warehouses and whereby the performance of hospitals’ wards. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the central stores of hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS).
Materials and Methods: In order to conduct this cross-sectional study, a checklist was designed and validated to examine the warehouses’ status considering structural, process and outcome dimensions of 39 depots in 14 hospitals. The status of hospitals’ warehouses were assessed using descriptive analysis and in order to assess association between performance evaluation score and charchetristics of warehouses and its staff Pearson Correlation Coefficient was utilized.
Results: Although, warehouses’ performance of studied hospitals in general was satisfactory, there were some items in unsuitable condition particularly in structural and process dimensions which should be addressed quickly. Also, performance of warehouses revealed a positive and significant correlation with number of beds, area and size of warehouse and number of staff (p <0.05).
Conclusion: Given that fair warehouses status, some items particularly in structural and process dimensions were in inappropriate condition which needed rapid consideration. Furthermore, hospitals with more beds have more and bigger warehouses achieved better evaluation score, but some of warehouses without these condition should be addressed in priority.
Mahmoud Biglar, Hossein Dargahi, Zohreh Ghorbani, Sima Garshasbi,
Volume 19, Issue 3 (11-2020)
Abstract
Background: Employees’ empowerment is the best and efficient organizational strategy for improvement of human resources productivity. Therefore, the present study was aimed to investigate the relationship between empowerment training courses with human resources productivity among Tehran University of Medical Sciences employees.
Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study. The study population included 1452 employees of the university deputies. Research sample was calculated 304 according to Krejcie and Morgan table. The research tool consisted of Hersey's empowerment training courses effectiveness translated by Jafari “et al.” and Hersey-Goldsmith's human resources productivity questionnaires. The content and structural validity including convergent and divergent validity of questionnaires were determined, and their reliability was confirmed by Alpha Cronbach with 0.86 and 0.89 coefficient, respectively. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 23, and descriptive results were presented by absolute and relative frequency and analytical results by inferential statistical techniques and Structural Equation Modeling.
Results: The mean of empowerment training courses effectiveness of employees and human resources productivity was relatively desirable. Also, the relationship between empowerment courses effectiveness and human resources productively of employees was confirmed.
Conclusion: Using different procedures of employees’ empowerment in early period of employment including organizational socialization, on-the-job training courses by workshops, distance learning and in-person training for empowerment of self-esteem, compatibility, and innovation of employees’ for promotion of organizational and individual productivity is recommended.
Alireza Golabdoost, Abbas Monavarian, Abbas Nargesian,
Volume 20, Issue 2 (9-2021)
Abstract
Background: Social media is one of the low cost tools used by many organizations. The purpose of this qualitative research is to present a public accountability model based on the use of social media in public universities of medical sciences in Tehran.
Materials and Methods: The present study was performed using Clark's position data analysis method. In-depth interviews were conducted with 21 experts in 1400 to extract the main components of this model. The subjects of this study were managers and experts of medical universities in Tehran (Tehran, Shahid Beheshti, Iran) that participants were selected using purposive sampling method of theoretical sampling.
Results: The analysis of the accountability situation in medical universities showed that the "government" is the main and determining factor. Within this factor is the "Ministry of Health". The third factor is the "universities of medical sciences" and the social worlds active in it. The fourth factor is "public relations units", but in the corner of these overlapping factors is the "target community" factor.
Conclusion: The basis of accountability is reporting and information. Universities should give their staff the necessary leeway to report directly. According to the research findings, it is suggested that by forming a specialized department of public relations in relation to public accountability, in addition to identifying capacities, to remove existing barriers.
