Seyed Abolfazl Zakerian, Ehsan Garosi, Ziba Abdi, Ehsan Bakhshi, Mehrdad Kamrani, Reza Kalantari,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (6-2016)
Abstract
Introduction: Workplace design is one of the factors that can influence comfort, performance, productivity and the health status of employees. The effects of this factor on human’s productivity and performance are studied in the domain of ergonomics. The impact of workplace design on workers’ productivity and performance can be determined by investigation of the quality of the design. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the influence of workplace design on productivity of the bank clerks.
Material and Method: Samples in this cross-sectional study were comprised of 150 employees of 22 different branches of a bank in Tehran city. Data collection tools included demographic questionnaire and a questionnaire related to the effects of workplace design on employees’ productivity, developed by Hameed and colleagues. Correlation and regression statistical tests were used in order to analyze data.
Result: According to the results, the mean (±SD) for age and job tenure of participants were 37.2(±6) and 13(±7) years, respectively. Of the surveyed demographic features, a significant relationship was observed between age and scores belonging to the temperature and furniture (P-value<0.05). In addition, there was a significant association between employees’ productivity and the noise (P-value=0.044) and spatial arrangement of environment (P-value=0.048).
Conclusion: Overall, appropriate and high quality design of work environment can improve productivity of bank clerks. In other words, employees’ productivity can be enhanced by comfortable and ergonomic design of working environment and also by considering their needs.
Somayeh Kamgou, Khosrou Abdi, Monire Khadem, Mahmoud Heidari, Omid Heravizadeh, Ali Daneyali, Seyed Jamaloddin Shahtaheri,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (3-2020)
Abstract
Introduction: Todays, exposure to heavy metals is happened by being produced in various environmental, industrial processes. The production of metals finally results in air pollution as well as contamination in the food chain. There are harmful effects of heavy metals such as cadmium on different organs. Therefore, this study aimed to identify and quantify cadmium in biological samples using DLLME SFOD method.
Materials and Methods: Optimization of the underlying variables played a key role in the process including sample PH, chelator, extractor and disperser solvents, ion concentration, time and rate of centrifugation and extraction time. It was done by employing central composite design (CCD) of the response surface methodology. In the process of optimization, after setting a certain pH, Specific salt concentration and ditizon added to form a complex between the metal and the chelator. A mixture of extraction and dispersant solvents added to the sample. The organic and aqueous phase separations when centrifugation and vortex carried out, the sample vial transferred to a cold ice bath and the organic solvent floated on the aqueous solvent .The organic portion containing the analyte was injected into the analyzer apparatus.
Results. The results showed that variables such as sample PH, complexing solvent, extraction solvent, centrifugation effect and extraction time play an important role in the extraction of cadmium metal ion from biological samples. The optimized method with a minimum detection limit (LOD) of 2 μg / l and a concentration factor (EF) of 50 and a relative recovery (RR) of 1.06.26 used to extract cadmium from urine samples.
Conclusion. According to the pre-test results and the optimization process, they showed that in the three factors of sample PH, salt concentration and extraction solvent volume that play a more effective role in cadmium extraction by DLLME-SFOD method.
