Showing 5 results for Kalatpour
Mostafa Mirzaei Aliabadi, Hossein Ramezani, Omid Kalatpour,
Volume 12, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Abstract
Introduction: In process industries, some of the primary events may result in secondary events in an industrial unit called the domino effect. Since refinery storage tanks are always at risk of fire and explosion, quantitative risk assessment is important in determining the severity and outcome of an accident, taking into account the effects of dominoes on the main industry, neighbors, and society and can play an important role in risk management. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the risk of condensate storage tanks taking into account the domino effect.
Material and Methods: The technique used in this study was Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA), the analysis of the consequences of which was performed using PHAST (7.22) after setting goals, studying the process, identifying hazards and scenarios. Then, to determine the extent of the domino effects of the escalation vectors were matched against the threshold, and after screening, the overall vulnerability of the repositories for mapping individual risk levels was calculated.
Results: In the leakage scenario, after considering the domino effects, the risk contour 10-4 to about 250 meters and the risk contour 10-5 to about 400 meters increased. Also in the catastrophic rupture scenario, the radius of risk contour of the 10-5 increased to100 m after considering the domino effects up to around damage tank.
Conclusion: As can be deduced from the results, using this method can give a clear picture of the consequences of chain events and the probability of damage to nearby employees, equipment and neighbors, which is very important in risk, emergency and crisis management.
Marzieh Abbasinia, Omid Kalatpour, Majid Motamedzade, Ali Reza Soltanian, Iraj Mohammadfam, Mohammad Ganjipour,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (6-2022)
Abstract
Introduction: Emergencies are unforeseen and unpredictable situations. In these situations, people’s performance is affected by various factors that cause stress. People’s performance in such situations can also affect human error probability. The purpose of this study was to evaluate human error in emergency situations based on the fuzzy CREAM and Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP).
Material and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was performed in a petrochemical industry in Markazi province in 2019. The FAHP was used to prioritize emergency situations. To evaluate human error in these conditions, the weights of Common Performance Conditions (CPC) was determined using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. Human error probability was calculated using a fuzzy CREAM method in the most important emergency situations.
Results: The results of the FAHP showed that “Hydrogen leak from the cylinder joints in the olefin unit” was the most important emergency. The highest relative weight was related to crew collaboration quality (0.06) in the emergency situation.
Conclusion: This method can also be used to identify the important factors in human error occurrence and high weighted CPCs and plan to control them.
Maryam Feiz-Arefi, Fakhradin Ghasemi, Omid Kalatpour,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (9-2022)
Abstract
Introduction: Oxygen-generating central plays a vital role in the continuous performance of hospitals. Any leakage or failure in this section can not only endanger the health and safety of patients but also cause fire and explosion. Probabilistic risk assessment is a useful tool for identifying the main root causes of leakage in oxygen-generating central. This study aimed at risk assessment of an oxygen-generating central in a hospital in Hamadan using fuzzy sets theory and Bayesian networks.
Material and Methods: First, all root causes supposed to contribute to oxygen leakage from any part of the oxygen-generating central were identified, and based on them a fault tree analysis (FTA) was constructed. Then, the FTA was mapped in a BN. The failure probability of root causes was calculated using fuzzy sets theory and experts’ opinions. Belief updating based on BN was utilized for subsequent analyses.
Results: According to this study, ignorance of labels on the oxygen generation and distribution system is the most important root cause leading to oxygen leakage. Moreover, removing masks from patient’s faces is the main cause of oxygen leakage in patient rooms. Once leakage occurred, the presence of an ignition source can lead to fire or explosion.
Conclusion: oxygen leakage can create considerable risks in hospitals. All staff should be provided with sufficient training regarding hazards of oxygen-generating and distributing systems and oxygen leakage. Particular attention should be paid to such leakages and their adverse consequence in emergency planning and hospital crisis management.
Iraj Mohammadfam, Ali Reza Soltanian, Omid Kalatpour,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (12-2022)
Abstract
Introduction: One of the essential and critical elements for efficient and effective management of emergencies is anticipation and identification of possible types of emergencies. As such, a framework for anticipating and identifying emergencies was designed and tested in two process industries in the form of a case study.
Material and Methods: At first, methods for identifying emergency preparedness and their evaluation criteria were extracted and prioritized with a two-stage fuzzy approach. A fuzzy inference system was then used to calculate the weight of the experts’ opinions. To prioritize the methods, the inputs related to the second fuzzy system were estimated and the final score of the methods was calculated by entering the mentioned variables into the fuzzy system.
Results: The findings pertaining to the final ranking of the methods indicated that, “list of catastrophic accidents and near-misses of the organization’s lifespan”, “MIMAH” and “risk assessment and management” had the highest scores among the identified methods with the final scores of 0.754, 0.750 and 0.725, respectively.
Conclusion: Using this approach will help in more accurate identification of potential emergencies. Consequently, this will lead to the prevention of imposed damages caused by the situation as well as making the wrong investments by eliminating low-priority emergencies.
Reza Barzegar, Omid Kalatpour, Maryam Farhadian, Rashid Heidarimoghadam,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (12-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: Industrial firefighting (IFF) constitutes a high-risk occupation within the domain of process industries. Firefighting teams serve as the operational component of the incident command team. This study aims to assess the alignment of physical fitness assessments conducted in selected Iranian process industrial firefighting settings and to scrutinize the extent of compliance with The U.S. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) requirements by analyzing the resultant percentages of similarity in test outcomes.
Material and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was undertaken across 14 Iranian process companies, encompassing two refinery companies and 12 petrochemical companies, employing a census sampling approach. The study’s benchmark was NFPA1582-2018. Data analysis was performed utilizing SPSS 27 software. This investigation focused on assessing the percentage of essential parallels within five distinct groups, along with their corresponding sub-components, in alignment with the tests and elements stipulated in the NFPA standard.
Results: Most of the selected companies (58%) lacked a cohesive program or established standard to assess the fitness of their firefighting personnel. Among the subset of companies (42%) that did employ an evaluation standard, in the majority of instances, a minimal proportion (less than 20%) underwent individualized assessments in line with the components outlined in NFPA 1582-2018 for physical fitness evaluation tests.
Conclusion: Given that 58% of the surveyed process companies in this study lacked a cohesive fitness assessment program and 42% demonstrated limited compliance with NFPA 1582-2018 in the assessed components, this issue underscores the critical need to evaluate the components quality and conduct a technical needs assessment. Developing adaptable and suitable components aligned with the work conditions prevalent in the process industry becomes imperative. Additionally, there must be existed a legal mandate for the pertinent ministry to implement an integrated framework. This scenario necessitates that process companies reevaluate their approaches concerning the selection and oversight of their firefighting personnel.
