Showing 6 results for Tol
J. Nematolahi, M. Nasrabadi, S. Givehchi,
Volume 5, Issue 4 (12-2015)
Abstract
Introduction: By industrialization, work-related accidents emerged as one of the most threatening factors of human life therefore analyzing the causes of accidents and providing control measures to prevent reoccurrence of similar accidents are of crucial importance.
Method and Materials: This is an analytical-descriptive study in which the collected data were analyzed using Ishikawa and SCAT methods and results related to the relationships between variables were examined. In this sense, first, accidents leading to amputations associated with operating with press machines (stuck between two objects) were analyzed by Ishikawa method and the obtained causes were classified into three groups: direct causes, interface causes, and root causes. Then, the obtained causes and the control measures were placed in SCAT table. The effect of causes of accidents and their ranking were determined using Chi-Square Test and Friedman's test, respectively. Accordingly, appropriate control measures were provided based on the accidents causes.
Results: The most significant interface causes is hurry at work the most significant root causes is inappropriate and ineffective supervision and the most important control measures is establishing effective HSE management system in the organization.
Conclusion: According to results, the main interfce causes of accidents leading to amputation due to operating with press machines is hurry at work because of increased production volume particularly by contractor companies. Furthermore, non-dynamic HSE system accompanied by ineffective supervision of personnel’s unsafe acts by the first layers of management are recognized as the basic causes of such accidents.
Hojatolla Kakaei, Mojtaba Beygzadeh, Farideh Golbabaei, Mohammad Reza Ganjali, Mehdi Jahangiri, Sayed Jamaleddin Shahtaheri,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (12-2019)
Abstract
Introduction: Hydrogen sulfide is one of the most important impurities in natural gas. Due to the fact that this gas is hazardous, toxic, corrosive and volatile, therefore, the removal of hydrogen sulfide has been studied using several methods. One of the most known procedures is the adsorption process. In the present study, activated carbon and activated carbon-based composite scaffolds (MOF-5) were used as a cartridge mask to remove hydrogen sulfide from respiratory air.
Methods and Materials: First, activated carbon (AC) was converted to powder form by ball mill, and AC / MOF-5 composite with 10%, 25%, and 40% MOF-5 to AC was synthesized from the MOF-5 metal-organic scaffold. Then, the rates of adsorption and breakthrough time using a designed setup were tested in two ranges of temperatures, humidities and concentrations. XRD, SEM and BET were used to determine the properties of composite absorbents. The Aeroqual S500 Direct-reading sensor with 0.01 ppm accuracy was used to measure the exact amount of hydrogen sulfide gas.
Results: The AC/MOF-5 composite showed higher adsorption and breakthrough time compare to the other adsorbents. The Specific surface area (BET), average pore diameter, and total pore volume of the adsorbent were 814 m2 /g, 1.6795 nm, and 0.342 cm3 /g, respectively. The isotherm diagram showed that, according to IUPAC, most of the pore size of this adsorbent was classified in the micro-porous group. The maximum adsorption (mg/gS) and breakthrough time (min) were related to AC/MOF-5(40 Wt. %) adsorbent with 60.41 mg/gS (SD = 1.08) and 56.26 min (SD =2.38) at a temperature of 15 ° C, a concentration of 9.88 ppm (SD = 0.70), a moisture content of 51.06% (SD = 0.15) and a pressure drop of 51.34 mm water. By adding more than 25% MOF-5 metal-metal scaffold to activated carbon, the amount of adsorption, breakthrough time and pressure drop were increased.
Conclusion: AC / MOF-5 composite adsorbent due to its porous structure, high specific surface area, and most importantly, having Zn-O-C groups increased the adsorption rate as well as the pollutant Breakthrough time. However, it showed a relatively higher pressure drop than commercial activated carbon (AC).
Shiva Soury, Abdulrahman Bahrami, Saber Alizadeh, Farshid Ghorbani Shahna, Davood Nematollahi,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (5-2020)
Abstract
Introduction: In this study, Zn3(Btc)2 (metal organic framework) sorbent was introduced for sampling of Benzo[a]pyren from the air. The purpose of this study was to develop the sampling and analysis method by needle trap, with no sample preparation step.
Material and method: Zn3(Btc)2 sorbent was electrochemically synthesized and its properties were specified by FTIR, FE-SEM, and PXRD techniques. A glass chamber with a temperature of 120°C was used to make the certain concentration of Benzo[a]pyren. Factors affecting the efficiency of needle trap were evaluated and optimized using a response surface method considering a specific operating interval to achieve the highest efficiency. The performance of the proposed method was also investigated using the real samples.
Results: The highest desorption efficiency of Benzo[a]pyren was obtained when using the needle trap containing Zn3 (Btc)2 sorbent at 379°C and 9 min retention time. No significant reduction was observed in the analyte concentration by maintaining the sampler for 60 days. The limit of detection and limit of quantification of Benzo[a]pyren were obtained 0.01 and 0.03 mg/m3, respectively. The percentage of standard deviation of the measured values of Benzo[a]pyren in diesel exhaust was calculated 4.1%.
Conclusion: The highest desorption efficiency of Benzo[a]pyren was obtained when using the needle trap containing Zn3 (Btc)2 sorbent at 379°C and 9 min retention time. No significant reduction was observed in the analyte concentration by maintaining the sampler for 60 days. The limit of detection and limit of quantification of Benzo[a]pyren were obtained 0.01 and 0.03 mg/m3, respectively. The percentage of standard deviation of the measured values of Benzo[a]pyren in diesel exhaust was calculated 4.1%.
Hamidreza Yaghoti, Azar Tol, Roya Sadeghi, Adel Mazloumi, Abbas Rahimi Foroushani, Arman Ghaderi,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (3-2021)
Abstract
Introduction: Designing behavioral modification interventions for the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) warrants the audiences identification and analysis. This study aimed to determine the predictive factors for using (PPE) based on Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) constructs among workers of Iran Aluminum Factory, 2018.
Material and Methods: In this descriptive analytical study with cross-sectional method, a researcher-made questionnaire including demographic information, knowledge questionnaire and designed items based on the SCT construct, was fulfilled by 188 workers employed in production line of Iran Aluminum Factory in Arak. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square and logistic regression analysis on SPSS 24. The significance level was set at P< 0.05.
Results: Among the participants, 46.8% (n=88) and 52.2% (n=100) of workers had moderate and high level of knowledge, respectively. Demographic variables such as marital status, educational level, income, age, work experience and employment status (p <0.05), as well as all SCT constructs (p <0.05) had a significant relationship with knowledge. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the level of education and employment status with probability of 80.6% and self-control, environment and self-efficacy of perceived barriers constructs, with a 64% probability could explained workers in high-knowledge group.
Conclusion: The present study revealed that the variables such as level of education, employment status, self-control, environment and self-efficacy of perceived barriers could be effective in designing educational interventions to improve workers’ knowledge on using personal protective equipment.
Yahya Khosravi, Fatemeh Zahra Shakourian, Narges Eshaghi, Enayatollah Seydi, Narmin Hassanzadeh-Rangi,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (6-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: One of the questions that always arises in the minds of researchers, especially young researchers, is what pattern the progress of science follows in their field of expertise and what is the direction of the studies. The purpose of this study is to analyze the content of the studies published from 2011 to 2022 in Persian scientific journals in the field of workplace safety and determine the direction and scientific process of studies in this field.
Material and Methods: All the studies published from the years 2011 to 2022 in the Persian scientific research journals ”Iran Occupational Health”, “Occupational Health and Safety”, “Occupational Health Engineering”, ”Iranian Journal of Ergonomics”, “Occupational Medicine” and “Occupational Health and Health Promotion” were gathered using census method from the websites of the journals. In total, 595 published articles were categorized according to the thematic codes determined by the opinion of experts, the theme of “risk analysis, assessment, and risk management” had the highest percentage of frequency (18.66 percent), while the theme of “safety application in other industries or specific workplaces” had the lowest frequency of percentage (0.34 percent). Approximately 50 percent of the variance of the published studies explained the themes of “risk analysis, risk assessment, and management”, “inspection, analysis and modeling of accidents”, “human error and safety”, “social, organizational factors, culture, safety climate, and behavior-based safety”.
Conclusion: The existing trends emphasize the importance of learning lessons from accidents as a reactive approach and risk management, human factors, and behavioral aspects in safety interventions as a preventive approach. The research development of the country’s safety at the workplace should be further improved with new policies in different fields while taking advantage of international scientific advances on the specific functions and challenges of the country and with a problem-oriented approach.
Hossein Ali Rangkooy, Behzad Fouladi Dehaghi, Maedeh Kamalvandi, Hojatollah Kakaei,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (10-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: Exposure to various chemicals can occur in the workplace. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are among these compounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between exposure to PAHs and urinary metabolites among built-up roofing installers.
Material and Methods: The current case-control study, conducted in 2021 in Ilam City, involved 35 built-up roofing workers as the case group and 15 non-exposed workers as the control group. In this study, in addition to the workers’ respiratory area, samples were taken from the urine to determine the amount of PAHs metabolites. HPLC was used to analyze the samples. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22.
Results: The mean concentrations of PAHs including naphthalene, phenanthrene, fluorne, pyrene, benzo(a)pyrene, benzo (ghi)perylene and indeno 1,2,3 cd pyrene were 440.26±80.07, 70.49±24.36, 15.18±5.98, 31.21±10.36, 2.15±1.41, 2.25±0.07 and 1.18±0.06 ng/m3, respectively, in respiratory area of the workers. Also, the average level of compounds 1- naphthol, 2- naphthol, 2-hydroxyfluorene, 3-hydroxyfluorne, 1-hydroxyfenanterol, 2+3-hydroxyfenanterol and 1- hydroxypyrene, present in the urine of the population, was obtained equal to 2±1.02, 6.03±2.5, 0.18±0.15, 0.14±0.1, 0.19±0.08, 0.04±0.02 and 0.34±0.26 μg/g creatinine, respectively. Statistical test showed that the values of these compounds were significantly different in the two groups (p <0.05).
Conclusion: Estimating the concentration of aromatic hydrocarbons in the respiratory area of built-up roofing workers showed the noticeable exposure to these compounds, although lower than the allowable limits. However, due to the high carcinogenic nature of these compounds, it is recommended to use appropriate personal protective equipment such as respirators and appropriate work outfits in addition to the technical strategies to combat the exposure.
