Showing 2 results for Oxidative Stress
Reza Pourbabaki, Monireh Khadem, Sajjad Samiei, Hamid Hasanpour, Seyed Jamaleddin Shahtaheri,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (5-2020)
Abstract
Introduction: Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphorus insecticide that can produce reactive oxygen species, and oxidative stress in the kidney. On the other hand, rosemary extract is an antioxidant playing a protective role against free radicals. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the oxidative stress in rat kidney due to the exposure to chlorpyrifos and to assess the antioxidant effect of two concentrations of 100 and 200 mg / kg rosemary extract on the nephrotoxicity caused by this pesticide.
Material and method: In the current study, 30 male Wistar Rats, weighing 200-220 g were used. They were randomly divided into five groups and selected as the study groups, each group including six rats for further comparison. They were as following groupd: Group І: served as control (received dissilated water, i.p) , Group П: the chlorpyrifos exposure group (13.5 mg / kg, i.p.), Group Ш: the group exposed to rosemary extract (100 mg / kg) by gavage, Group ІV: the exposure group with rosemary 100 mg / kg concentration (by gavage) and after 30 minutes exposure to chlorpyrifos (13.5 mg / kg, i.p.) and Group V: simultaneous exposure of rosemary 200 mg / kg concentration (by gavage) and after 30 minutes exposure to chlorpyrifos (13.5 mg / kg, i.p.). After 2 and 4 weeks, the rats were weighed and killed. A section of kidney tissue was examined for changes of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and another section was tested for histopathological alterations.
Results: The results showed that chlorpyrifos significantly damaged the kidney tissue and altered the activity of GPx and MDA compared to the control group, as well as it damaged the kidney tissue. Moreover, the simultaneous exposure to chlorpyrifos and rosemary extract with concentration of 100 mg/kg significantly made modifications to the MDA and GPx levels. In addition, with the increasing of rosemary doses from 100 to 200 mg / kg, changes in the levels of MDA and GPx were closer to those of the control group.
Conclusion: The rosemary extract can reduce the oxidative stress caused by chlorpyrifos and, therefore, can be used to treat the poisoning caused by this pesticide.
Hamzeh Mohammadi, Somayeh Farhang Dehghan, Soheila Khodakarim Ardakani, Farideh Golbabaei,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (9-2022)
Abstract
Introduction: Studies show that in many cases, environmental hazardous agents such as heat, noise, as well as chemical pollutants cause adverse health effects through the mechanism of oxidative stress. This study has examined the effect of exposure to noise and whole-body vibration (WBV) on some parameters of oxidative stress (enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA)) of workers in a foundry industry.
Material and Methods: The workers were selected based on the calculations related to the sample size and taking into account the inclusion criteria as well as completing the informed consent form. The level of exposure to noise and WBV was measured according to ISO 9612 and ISO 2631, respectively. For each worker, the time-weighted average was calculated. The level of exposure of workers to the studied stressors was divided into three categories: low, medium, and high. The blood samples were taken from all participants between 7-9 am. Then, via ELISA method according to the protocol of the kit manufacturer, the samples were prepared and analyzed. Univariate analysis of variance was performed to determine the “effect size” of each physical stressors on the studied parameters.
Results: The mean levels of MDA, SOD, and TAC among participants were 22.48 (11.19) nmol / ml, 61.28 (10.97) U / ml, and 1.64 (0.90) mM, respectively. Among the exposure variables, noise had the largest effect on MDA level (B = 0.090), which was not statistically significant (P = 0.865). WBV had the largest effect on SOD level (B = -1.469) which was statistically significant (P = 0.016). None of the studied variables had a significant effect on the TAC level; however, among the exposure variables, the greatest effect was related to WBV (B = -0.077; P = 0.133).
Conclusion: The effect of noise on oxidative stress parameters was not statistically significant. The effect of whole-body vibration on oxidative stress parameters except SOD was not statistically significant. Noise and WBV had increasing effect on MDA and decreasing one on SOD and TAC levels.
