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Background and aim: The elderly people are one of the most vulnerable people in any society. Falling in this group is accompanied with decrease of daily living activities. With regard of improvement of balance in perevention of falling, the aim of this study is survey about the effect of Cawthorne and Cooksey exercises on improvement of balance.
Material and Methods:36 elder men with age above 60 years old put in two groups (control group= 19 and exercise group= 17) who lived in the elderly center in city of Mashhad. The subjects in exercise group participated in the Cawthorne and Cooksey exercises during three months, three times a week, during sixty minutes. Balance status of subjects evaluated with Berg Balance Scale(BBS) in 4 stages ( befor exercise and one month, two months and three months) after exercises.
Result: Results showed that improvement of the balance in the different evaluation stages of BBS was significantly increased particularly in the first and second months (p< 0.05). The effects of exercise group were significantly different from control group(p=0.000).
Conclusion: Cawthorne and Cooksey exercises were effective on the balance improvement of elderly men in center of Mashhad and two months of these exercises were enough to improve balance in this group.

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Background and Aim: Forward head deformity is one of the most common undesirable situation abnormalities associated with weakness of cervical stabilizer muscles. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a 6-weeks strength training, stretch training and comprehensive training in patients with forward head posture.

 

Materials and Methods: Forty females students with excessive angle (FH>46 degrees) were chosen as samples using purposive sampling method. Anthropometric data were as below: age 22.22 ± 1.77 years, weight 61.22±1.90 kg, height 161.85±2.55 cm and body mass index of the samples 23.37±0.9 kg/m². The subjects were randomly divided into four groups of 10 experimental and control groups. The first experimental group performed strength training, second group stretch training and third group comprehensive training for 6 weeks. In this period, the control group did not receive any training. In this study photogrammetric method technique was used to measure the angle of the forward head. Head angle changes of the subjects before and after 6 weeks were measured.

 

Conclusion: The results demonstrated a significant decrease in the angle of forward head in the experimental group. Therefore, using of this program is recommended in subjects with this deformity.

 

Keywords: Forward head, Corrective exercises.