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Mehdi Alizadeh, Samaneh Esmaeili,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (4-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Children with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) represent some difficulties in their socio-communicative and play skills, and also have restricted interests and stereotyped patterns of behaviors that effect on their daily living. Floor-time technique is a play–based intensive intervention that deals with communication, emotion, play, and imagination. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of Floor-time technique in emotional functions of children with ASD. Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted on children with ASD (2.5-4 years-old) who were selected by non-randomized sampling. Ten children, as case group, received Floor-time and 10 subjects were matched with them as control group. Pretest and posttest were conducted using Functional Emotional Assessment Scale (FEAS) to measure emotional functions with an interval of six months. The data were analyzed by paired and independent samples T-test. Results: Statistical analysis indicated a significant difference between pre and posttest of FEAS in the case group (P=0.017). But the difference between pre and post test in the control group was not significant. In addition, the differences of pre and posttest scores between two groups were showed significant difference (p=0.041). Conclusion: This study provided preliminary evidences for the use of Floor-time technique for increasing communicative, emotional, imaginative, and play skills in the children with ASD. Key words: Autistic spectrum disorders, Floor-time, Play.
Maryam Choromzadeh, Amir Ahmadi, Nader Marufi, Reza Rajabi,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (4-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Proprioception is a type of feedback from limbs to CNS which defines a sensory tools to contribute position sense and movement sense. Precise and controlled movements are important sections of sports and activity daily living which needs to accurate information of proprioception. High concentration of proprioceptors are reported in cervical spine, sacroiliac and ankle joint. The purpose of this study was to compare repositioning error of cervical spine on high level badminton and basketball players and healthy subjects. Materials and Methods: Twenty female basketball players (23.40 years old), 20 female badminton players (24.81years old) and 20 healthy female (24,95years old) subjects were recruited to participate in this study. Cervical total range of motion (ROM) and repositioning error in target angle (30% of full ROM in each movement) of flexion, extension, right and left lateral flexion and rotation were measured by CROM apparatus. Results : Our results indicate that two groups of athletes has significant differences with non-athletic subjects in flexion, extension, left lateral flexion and ro tation and there were significant differences in right lateral flexion and right rotation between badminton players and non-athletic subjects (P<0.005). Conclusion : Cervical proprioception may improve with specific sport movements. Basketball and badminton are non-contact sports that needs to eye and hand coordination, as our results showed that the cervical repositioning error was decreased in athletics related to non-athletic subjects, the mentioned sports may improve proprioception. Key Words: Proprioception, Cervical, Repositioning error, Basketball, Badminton
Nages Meftahi, Javad Sarrafzadeh, Nader Marufi, Hassan Jafari,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (4-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Regarding to high prevalence of low back pain (LBP) in athletes and its effect on their athletic function, an accurate evaluation before planning the rehabilitation program seems necessary in athletes with LBP. It should be considered that human movements are like as a kinetic chain. It means that any problems in every parts of this chain can cause dysfunction in the other parts of the chain. Not taking attention to the relationships between different parts of this chain may result in suboptimal rehabilitation. Therefore, focusing treatment on the entire parts of the kinetic chain besides the injured part, may prevent recurrenceof the dysfunction. Since in the kinetic chain hip muscles act as a link between lower extremities and trunk, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate and compare muscles strength of hip joint in female athletes with and without non-specific chronic LBP. Materials and Methods: Fifteen healthy female athletes and 15 female athletes with non-specific chronic LBP participated in this study. Their age was between 18-30 years. Hip extension, abduction and external rotation strength in all participants were measured. A hand-held dynamometer (HHD) was used to measure muscle strength. Since fixing HHD by examiner’s hand is fraught with error, it is fixed by a stable frame. Results: The maximum strength value of hip extension and abduction in female athletes with LBP were significantly lower than these measures in healthy group (P < 0.05). No significant differences were seen in the maximum value of hip external rotation strength between two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study show that hip extension and abduction strength in female athletes with LBP were lower than these measures in healthy group. Therefore, hip strength measurements besides the examination of the spinal column seem to be necessary in evaluation and rehabilitation of the patients with LBP. Key Words: Non-Specific Chronic Low Back Pain, Hip Muscles Strength, Athlete
Payam Nabovati, A Mirzajani, Ebrahim Jafarzadehpur,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (4-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Residual refractive error is one of the most common complications of keratorefractive surgeries including laser assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). This study aimed to determine the incidence rate and risk factors for re - treatment following photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in patients with myopia and myopic astigmatism. Materials and Methods: A case control study was performed on the surgical records of all eyes that underwent PRK from May 2009 to May 2012 at Farabi Eye Hospital by one surgeon. During this period, 70 eyes with indication for retreatment (cases) and 158 control eyes were identified. All of the eyes included in the study had refraction data at least 9 months post-operatively. Student t, Man-Whitney U and chi-square tests were used for univariate analysis of presumed associations. All variables with a P value of < 0.2 on univariate tests were entered in a multiple logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the risk factors of interest. Results: Pre-op (pre-operative) manifests refraction spherical equivalent ≥-5.00 diopter, intended/nominal optical zone diameter of<6 mm and ocular fixational instability during surgery were associated with an increased risk of retreatment (all P values <0.001) and maintained their significance on multiple logistic regression with strong odd ratios of 6.12, 6.71 and 7.89 respectively. No statistically significant association was found between cases and controls in variables of age, sex, follow-up time, pre-op astigmatism, pre-op keratometry reading, pre-op pachymetry reading, pupil diameter and Kappa angle (all P values>0.05). Conclusion: Small optical zone, deep ablation and unstable fixation during laser ablation are strong predictors for retreatment after photorefractive keratectomy. Keywords: Re-treatment, Photorefractive keratectomy, Myopia, Myopic astigmatism
Maliheh Darbani, Giti Torkaman, Shafieh Movassaghe, Nooshin Bayat,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (4-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim: According to the further tendency of osteoporotic people to use the hip strategy to maintain stability, in present study, the relationship between hip, ankle and back extensor muscles strength and functional balance in healthy and osteoporotic postmenopausal women were evaluated. Materials and Methods: Forty-five volunteer postmenopausal women were divided into two normal and osteoporosis groups according to their bone mineral density. Maximal isometric strength of hip, ankle, and back extensor muscles were assessed by a hand-held digital dynamometer. Functional balance was assessed by Near Tandem Stand (NTS), Star excursion (SE) and Figure of 8 walking (F8W) tests. Results: In osteoporosis group, all muscle groups were significantly weaker than the normal group (P<0.05), and the time of F8W test was significantly more than normal group (P=0.031). Also, in osteoporosis group, hip adductors and extensors showed a significant correlation with three functional balance tests (P<0.05). Conclusion: Regarding to decrease of muscle strength in osteoporotic women and its relationship to declining of functional balance in ADL, strengthening of hip and ankle muscle groups should be considered in their rehabilitation programs. Keywords: Muscle strength, Functional balance, Postmenopausal women, Osteoporosis.
Ghazal Hashemi Zonuz, Behrooz Attar Bashi Moghadam, Ali Amiri, Ali Ashraf Jamshidi, Nastaram Ghotbi,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (4-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) is responsible for physical and somatosensory function. It is expected that additional sensory information improves dynamic balance of ACL reconstruction patients. This study is aimed to determine the effect of sensory information on knee dynamic balance after ACL reconstruction in comparison with normal people. Materials and Methods: The study was designed as a randomized clinical trial. Thirty two men (16 men with unilateral ACL reconstruction and 16 healthy men), assigned in three groups: ACLR, reconstructed knee ACLR, non-reconstructed knee and normal. All participants received tactile information during functional tests. Dynamic postural stability was assessed by two functional tests including: Star Excursion Balance test and Cross over Hop for distance. The functional tests scores were conducted both pre and post applying sensory information in ACLR and normal people. Results: The data showed that tactile information improves functional performance of ACLR patients. There were significant difference in reconstructed knee’s SEBT scores in medial (p=0.005) and posteromedial (p=0.034) directions by adding touch information. Significant difference in dynamic balance by addition of touch sense, in COH scores of ACLR people and normal population was found. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that additional sensory information improves dynamic balance in ACLR patients. The positive effect of tactile information supports to apply additional sensory information as a new method for increasing dynamic balance. Key words: Anterior cruciate ligament, Sensory information, Dynamic balance.
Faezeh Ghorbani, Mojtaba Kamyab, Fatemeh Azadinia, Behnam Hajiaghaei,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (4-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Neck pain is one of the most prevalent disorders in the world and became a major public health problem. It is a common condition affecting as much as two-thirds or more of the general population at one point of time during their life. Cervical collars have been approved to be effective on neck pain and disability as a conservative treatment. Actually most of patients refused to use them because of their appearance and raise temperature by wearing them. So we introduced a new design of cervical collar called Open-design collar, it seems that could be accepted better by patients because of its different appearance. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effect of Open-design collar on user’s acceptance and cervical range of motion in asymptomatic adults. Materials and Methods: Seventy-two healthy subjects (36 women and 36 men) aged 18 to 29 years oldwere recruited for this study. Neck movements were measured using JTECH Medical Dual Digital Inclinometer . Active flexion, extension, right and left lateral flexion, and right and left rotation were assessed in each subject 3 times with and without Open-design collar. To assessthe acceptance of wearing Open-design collar, each subject was asked to fill an acceptance questionnaire of five criteria about the Open-design collar. Results: Open-design collar significantly reduced cervical motions. It reduced flexion and extension on average by 78.24 ± 8.03%, 79.91 ± 8.02%, and right lateral flexion and left lateral flexion by 56.70 ± 13.91%, 54.34 ± 13.39% and right axial rotation and left axial rotation on average by 82.22 ± 5.48 and 82.60 ± 6.77. Conclusion: Based on the data of the 72 subjects presented in this study, the Open-design collar adequately immobilized the cervical spine as a semi-rigid collar while the subjects accepted it by a good score. Keywords: Neck orthoses, Collar, Range of motion, Acceptance
Morad Amir Ahmad, Ebrahim Jafarzadepur, Edris Mohammad Tahirharki,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (4-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Determination of intra ocular pressure is one of the most important ophthalmic dilemmas. This study compares pre and post photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) measures of intraocular pressure (IOP). Materials and Methods: Simple myopic subjects were selected for this study from "Jomhuri" educational hospital in Erbil. All myopic PRK candidates were referred for IOP measurement. IOP was measured by noncontact tonometer (NCT) in all myopic cases pre and 3 months after PRK at the same diurnal time. Pachymetry was done for all participants. Results: Two hundred and twelve participants were evaluated. The IOP was 15.12 ± 1.8 (mean ± SD) before surgery and 12.16 ± 1.9 after surgery (p<0.0001). The residual corneal depth was significantly determining the IOP result (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Apparently, IOP significantly decreases after PRK however, some ocular diseases that are diagnosed according to the IOP may be missed. Therefore, specific concern should be considered for IOP measurement after refractive surgery. Keywords : PRK, IOP. Refractive error, CCT
Rahimeh Mahmoodi, Saeed Talebian, Elaheh Sajadi,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (4-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Low back pain (LBP) is the most common and expensive musculoskeletal problem in industrialized societies. One in ten people suffers from LBP once in his life. It is self-limited up to 90%, but it is common to repeat. By the way, sacroiliac joint (SIJ) is the origin of low back and pelvic pain in many cases and one of the most important elements in normal musculoskeletal function during gait cycle. Muscles are important to stabilize this joint plus to bones and ligaments. Some of the muscles (Gluteus Maximus, Biceps Femoris, Multi Fidus, Erector Spinae) contributing in gait cycle are important to transfer load through SIJ. The aim of this present study is to compare muscle activity timing during initial and mid stance phase of gait cycle. Methods and Materials: Sixteen low back pain cases and fifteen healthy subjects participated in this study. A footswitch is placed beneath foot at the suffered side in LBP cases and dominant foot in control group. Two markers were on the 5th metatarsal bone and lateral maleolus. Electrodes are placed on selected muscles according to SENIAM. Digital camera and EMG Datalink were turned on simultaneously and subject started to walk with his own favorite speed in a specific direction and path. Onset and time to peak of selected muscles were recorded during gait by Datalink and processed by its software. Results: Low back pain cases showed delayed muscle onset, although it was not significant (P=0.4). Time to peak of all selected muscles in loading response event in LBP group was longer and significant (P=0.01). There was also significant difference in time to peak of all selected muscles during mid-stance event (P= 0.005) except biceps femoris muscle. Conclusion: Delayed onset and longer time to peak during initial and mid stance phase of gait can be interpreted as a compensatory strategy to control trunk movements effectively, provide sufficient stability and transfer load to lumbar area efficiently. Key words: Muscle activity, Low back pain, Gait, Trunk muscles, Lower Limb Muscles
Fereshteh Shokrollahzadeh, Ali Mirzajani,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (5-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim : Vision plays an important role in maintaining balance in the body so that the visual defects produce some disturbances in the body balance. In order to establish balance, the first afferent signals to the brain are provided through the visual system. Therefor, diagnosis and treatment of visual disturbances are so most effective and important. This paper reviews the importance of the visual system in body balance control and visual disorders which affecting on balance. Materials and Methods : In this study, the articles from 1989 to 2012 with issues of vision and body balance were reviewed. The research with medical subject heading terms and key words of “vision” and “balance” in Pub-med, Science Direct, Scopus, Iran Doc, Scholar Google, Iran Medex, Magiran were done. Conclusion: Correction of visual disorders and improving vision in patients with balance disorders can hasten the healing process. Keywords: Vision, Balance, Visual Disorders
Mehdi Ahmadi, Mohammad Akbari, Mehdi Dadgoo, Saeed Talebian, Gholam Reza Pahnabi,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (5-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Postural control is the ability of maintaining of the body posture in space. Peripheral and central factors have important role in muscle fatigue. Repetitive muscle contraction leads to muscle fatigue. If strength is educed up to 30% of maximum contraction can be disturbed stance control of subjects. The objective of the present study was to compare the effect of lumbar muscle fatigue on postural control in athlete and non-athlete subjects. Materials and Methods: Fifteen men as athlete subjects and other fifteen matched men as non- athlete subjects participated in this study. Trunk extensor muscle fatigue was produced by dynamometer. Stance postural sways were evaluated by force platform device in bipedal stance with open eye. Results: In pre-fatigue state there is no significant difference between two groups. Fatigue had significantly effect on postural sways in both group after Lumbar muscle fatigue specially in non-athlete group (P ≥ 0.05) . Conclusion: The postural control of athletes after muscle fatigue was better than non athlete subjects probably due to better proprioception in athlete subjects. Keywords: Muscle fatigue, Postural control, Force plattform.
Marzieh Mohammadi Moghadam , Hossein Mobaraki, Mohammad Kamali, Asal Esmaeili,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (5-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The aim of the Community-Based Rehabilitation program is to enhance the quality of life of people with different disabilities including those affected by hearing impairment. The objective of this study was to explore the effect of CBR program on the quality of life of people of 15-65 years old with severe and profound hearing loss old who lived in the city of Sabzevar. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional, the quality of life of people of 15-65 years old with severe and profound hearing loss who lived in the city of Sabzevar were assessed by using a standardized questionnaire SF36 in two groups consist of case group(those who were covered by Community Based Rehabilitation) and control group(those who were not covered by the Community Based Rehabilitation ). Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 17. Results: The number of both groups of cases and controls was equal (each one 46 persons). In this study 63.04 percent of participants were hearing loss and 36.96 were deaf. There was a significant difference between case group and control group in general health perception, social functioning and role limitation due to emotional problems aspects. Overall quality of life scores in case group were higher than control group. Quality of life scores by age, gender, and education were not significantly different between case and control groups. Conclusion: The results of this study confirmed that the effectiveness of community-based rehabilitation program on quality of life of people with hearing impairment. Key Words: Quality of life, Community-Based Rehabilitation, Severe and profound hearing loss
Navideh Shakeri, Seyedeh Maryam Khoddami, Masoumeh Radaee, Younes Jahani,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (5-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Teachers are one of the groups at risk of developing voice problems in addition to communication problems.This problem affects on the quality of their professional activities. Therefore, purpose of this study is to survey voice disorders and its risk factors among primary school teachers. Material and Methods: Fifty primary school's female teachers who had been chosen through simple sampling were recruited. Risk factors of voice problems questionnaire, VHI-10 questionnaire and symptoms questionnaire in voice problems were used in this study . To evaluate voice perceptually, vowel sounds, reading sentences and conversational speech were recorded and analyzed by three speech and language pathologists based on GRBAS profile. Results: The results suggest that hoarseness was the most common (66%) and decreased phonational range (4%) was a rare voice complaint. Perceptual voice evaluation indicated that 80% of teachers have mild voice disorders. Teaching history, lack of curtain in the classrooms, teaching materials were found as risk factors of voice disorders (P<0.05). Conclusion: In regard to high frequency of voice problems, even mildly severe in most of the teachers, it needs special attention. Various factors can exacerbate the risk of voice problems in teachers including of individual factors such as teaching experience as well as environmental factors such as physical conditions of classrooms and teaching conditions). Keywords: Voice related symptoms, Teachers, Perceptual evaluation, Risk factors.
Najmeh Mehdizade, Saeed Talebian, Gholam Reza Olyaei, Nader Marufi,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (5-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim : Trauma or micro-trauma over prolonged period of time can lead to pathoanatomical changes and passive instability of the sacroiliac joint. These subjects often reluctant to bear full weight through the impaired side of the pelvis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise therapy on symmetric distribution of weight in sacroiliac joint instability in standing and walking through Alfoot device. Materials and Methods : In this study, 17 subjects with sacroiliac joint instability with age range of 20-40 years were selected by simple sampling. Subjects performed a single session of training that involve five tasks in 3 sets, including sitting on gym ball, lying on gym ball, quadruped, standing near wall and standing on tilt board. Before, immediately after, 5 and 10 minutes after intervention , scanning the both feet were recorded during standing and walking. Results : The amount of weight on both feet in bipedal stance position were significantly different before and immediately after the intervention. But this difference , 5 minutes (p =0.058) and 10 minutes (p =0.110) was not significantly different after exercise therapy. The pressure on the middle part of the foot during walking significantly increased immediately after the intervention and it continues up to 10 minutes . Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that training of lumbopelvic muscles can be an effective way to improve weight distribution on the affected side in patients with sacroiliac joint instability .
Mohammad Reza Akrami Abarghuei , Mehdi Abdolvahab, Hossein Bagheri, Mahmoud Jalili, Ahmad Reza Baghestani,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (5-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim : Cerebral palsy (CP) children are the most referral patients to occupational therapy centers. Hand function is important in activity of daily living. There is a hand dysfunction in most cerebral palsy children. Orthosis and splint are commonly used to improve the position , range of motion, quality of movement, arm and hand function. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of static anti-pronation splint on dominant upper extremity function in spastic diplegic cerebral palsy children with 8 to 12 years old. Materials and Methods : This interventional study is in a before-after design for two group case and control. Thirty spastic diplegic cerebral palsy children with 8 to 12 years old who had the inclusion criteria, were randomly assigned to case and control group. Patients of case group used a static anti-pronation splint for 2 months, 8 hours daily. In this study the Jebsen Taylor test was used to evaluate upper extremity function, the Goniometer was used to measure ROM of elbow, forearm and wrist, the Modified Ashworth Scale was used to assess spasticity of elbow, forearm and wrist. Power grip and pinch were assessed with MIE device. Results : In the case group results showed a significant improvement in upper extremity function (0.026), forearm supination ROM (0.007), wrist extention ROM (0.005), forearm muscle pronator spasticity (0.001), wrist muscle flexsor spasticity (0.009), power grip (0.001) and pinch (0.001). The data did not show significant improvement on elbow extention ROM (0.075), elbow muscle flexsor spasticity (0.164). In comparison with control group, the data showed a significant improvement in upper extremity function (P=0.001), forearm supination ROM (p=0.034), wrist extention ROM (P=0.042), forearm muscle pronator spasticity (P=0.009), power grip (P=0.001) and pinch (P=0.001). The data did not show significant improvement on elbow extention ROM (P=0.140), elbow muscle flexsor spasticity (P=0.638) and wrist muscle flexsor spasticity (P=0.105). Conclusion : The findings show that using static anti-pronation splint for 2 months , 8 hours a day , can be an effective method to improve upper extremity function , range of motion of forearm and wrist , forearm spasticity and power grip and pinch in spastic diplegic cerebral palsy children with 8 to 12 years old . Key word : Cerebral palsy, Static anti pronation splint, Upper extremity function, Spasticity, Power
Masoumeh Behboodi, Samira Shah- Abadi , Akram Ansari-Moghaddam , Nastaram Ahmadi, Morteza Shamohammadi,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (5-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Social psychologists defines aggressive act a conscious behavior that its aim is creation physical or mental pain and suffering. Aggression is relatively permanent inclination to expressing behaviors along with ruff from a person in different position. Materials and Methods: The research is done in frame a quasi-experimental design (pre-test and post-test) with two test and control groups with t reatment protocol (t3-t4: s tructures and complex communication networks that there are in under cortex or cortical that to it called limbic system or lateral and is responsible emotions and memory ), on 30 adolescents 13-15 years old with aggression disorder. Sampling method was accessible. Treatment has been implemented during 20 sessions, for 2 months and 3 sessions, in every week (30 minutes). For data collection is used of Buss and Perry Aggression Questionnaire that iranian reliability reported for the total scale (0/82) and validity (0/73). Results: The results of analysis of covariance about anger show that calculated F (14/55) is greater from table F with significant 0/01. Thus with confidence 0/99 can be claimed that use of neurofeedback method is causing reduction “anger”. The results of analysis of covariance about physical aggression show that calculated F (36/5) is greater from table F with significant 0/01. Thus with confidence 0/99 can be claimed that use of neurofeedback method is causing reduction “physical aggression”. The results of analysis of covariance about verbal aggression show that calculated F (5/77) is greater from table F with significant 0/01. Thus with confidence 0/99 can be claimed that use of neurofeedback method is causing reduction “verbal aggression”. The results of analysis of covariance about hostility show that calculated F (36/5) is greater from table F with significant 0/01. Thus with confidence 0/99 can be claimed that use of neurofeedback method is causing reduction “hostility”. Conclusion: The results are expression that intervention with protocol (t3-t4) is causing reduction aggression behaviors in adolescents. Key words : Neurofeedback , Aggression, Adolescents , I ntervention , Education
Maryam Hosseini, Sedigheh Sadat Mirbagheri, Mahmoud Bahramizadeh, Mehdi Rassaffiani, Rasoul Torkeman,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (5-2015)
Abstract
Backgrouna and Aim : Children with cerebral palsy have often movement and postural disorders. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of new neoprene dynamic orthosis on balance in children with cerebral palsy. Materials and Methods : This study is quazi experimental. Five children with cerebral palsy (spastic diplegia) with mean age of 9/6± 3.78 years old participated in this study. The degree of knee extension was measured using electrogoniometer. Center of Pressure(COP) displacement in anterior/posterior and medial/lateral planes and functional balance were also measured using kistler forceplate (BA, Kistler- Switzerland 9286) and berg test in two occasions, before and after wearing neoprene orthosis in a period of six weeks. Wilcoxon test was used for comparing data before and after 6 weeks. Results : There was statistically significant difference in right knee extension before and after wearing orthosis (p<0/05). The result of this study show no statistically significant in COP parameters. However, functional balance of children with CP shows significant improvement using neoprene orthosis. Conclusion : New neoprene orthosis can be effective in knee biomechanical alignment as well as functional balance Keywords : Cerebral palsy, Lycra dynamic orthosis, Postural control
Khadijeh Otadi, Saeed Talebian, Mohammad Reza Hadian, Azadeh Shadmehr, Nooreldin Nakhostin Ansari, Saeed Emamdoost, Shiva Mousavi ,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (5-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The calculated parameters of the center of pressure (COP) are suitable indicators for evaluating balance in patients after rehabilitation. Therefore, determining the reliability level of each parameter is a matter of great importance. This study tried to determine the reliability of some parameters of the COP sway in patients with myofascial neck pain in different postural situations. Materials and Methods: The present study is a test-retest reliability design. Twenty patients with myofascial neck pain performed a single and a double leg test with open and closed eyes on a force plate and with open eyes on foam in three sessions with a 30 minute intervals for 30 seconds. Antero-posterior and medio-lateral sway range, mean velocity and mean area of sway were calculated. Results: The mean velocity showed high reliability (0.98) in all situations, but the other parameters were variable in different situations. Conclusions: The results showed that some COP parameters are highly reliable in assessment of patients with myofascial neck pain. Keywords: Reliability, Myofascial neck pain, Center of pressure, Force plate
Saeed Eftekhari, Khalil Khayambashi, Seyed Mohammad Marandi, Mostafa Yosefzadeh,
Volume 9, Issue 3 (7-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Acquaintance about different stretching methods and applying of the most effective them is necessary to improve sport skills, prevent sport injuries and accurate treatment. Several techniques of stretching exercises are recommended to improve flexibility and among them static, dynamic and PNF techniques have been widely used. The purpose of present study was to compare immediate 24 and 48 hours effects of static, dynamic and PNF stretching techniques on boy students hamstring flexibility.
Materials and Methods: The study was Quasi Experimental with one pre-test and 3 post test. One hundred and sixty eight high school students (age, 15.7 ± 0.07 years height, 171.2 ± 0.56 cm weight 63.9 ±1.14 kg) participated in this study. Participants randomly assigned into for groups. Group one performed static, group two dynamic, group three PNF techniques of stretching and fourth group considered as a control group. The groups participated during 3 days on this study. To measure hamstring flexibility sit and reach test was administered pre and post intervention.
Results: ANOVA with repeated measures were used to analyze the data. The finding revealed significant differences between pre and post tests for all three stretching techniques immediately after stretching exercises while no changes was reported for control group (P&le0.05). Tokays fallow up tests indicated that 24 and 48 hours post intervention effects of static and PNF stretching were remained while dynamic stretching effect was disappeared 24 hours post intervention.
Conclusion: Based on the finding of this study all three stretching techniques improved immediately hamstring flexibility while the effect of static and PNF techniques of stretching remained up to 48 hours post stretching. As a result, static and PNF stretching are more efficient than dynamic stretching.
Keywords: PNF stretching, Static stretching, Dynamic stretching, Flexibility
Azadeh Ghorbani, Faranak Aliabadi, Mohammad Ali Nazari, Melahat Akbarfahimi,
Volume 9, Issue 3 (7-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim : Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder is a common disorder in children. ADHD leads to poor academic achievement. The purpose of this research was to study the effects of neurofeedback on academic achievement of 8-10 years old children with ADHD.
Material and Methods : It was a single subject study, was done on two 8 and 10 years old boys with ADHD with IQ=90-100. In addition to medication, each of them received 24 sessions of neurofeedback during 8 weeks. In each three sessions, one of the dictation or math tests was taken. Also the scores of class exam and final exam were used to assess treatment efficacy .
Results: Neuro feedback treatment is effective on increasing math and dictation scores of ADHD children in both clinic and school. Increase of the scores of final exams which were taken three months after treatment represents stability of treatment effect.
Conclusion: Neuro feedback treatment was an effective complementary method on increasing academic achievement in these children.
Key word: Attention deficit / Hyperactivity disorder, Neuro feedback, Academic achievement
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