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Background and Aim: Optic neuritis causes some deficits in visual function in the affected eye and there are some differences in these functions between the affected and unaffected eyes. The purpose of the study is to compare visual functions of both eyes to demonstrate the minimum and maximum value of affection in patients with acute unilateral optic neuritis.
Materials and Methods: Thirty patients (23 female, 7 male aged between 18 and 45 years) who 22 patients with retro-bulbar and 8 patients with anterior optic neuritis, enrolled in the study and their affected and unaffected eyes underwent visual function assessments. Visual acuity (VA), contrast sensitivity (CS), color vision (CV), and visual field (VF) (consist of MA and PSD) were examined for both eyes of all the patients and the significance of the differences between two eyes were calculated and compared by Independent T-test.
Results: According to our results, all the investigated visual functions consist of VA (t-test, t=7.29, P=0.00), CS (t-test, t=9.20, P=0.00), CV (t-test, t= -21.95, P=0.00), MD (t-test, t=5.29, P=0.01) except PSD (t-test, t=0.67, P=0.71) were affected by optic neuritis and there was a significant difference between the affected and unaffected eyes (P<0.01). The most significant difference were found for contrast sensitivity with letters (P=0.00) and there wasn`t any significance in the difference between two eyes for PSD parameter in VF (P=0.71).
Conclusion: Considering the most significant difference of contrast sensitivity between affected and unaffected eyes in patients with acute unilateral optic neuritis, it is suggested to pay more attention to the test in evaluating, diagnosis and follow up patients with acute unilateral optic neuritis.

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Abstract

 Background and Aim: Regard with the importance of balance in daily activities especially in sport activities and understanding the important factor affecting it, the purpose of this study was to compare the role of vision system on dynamic postural stability of young women with men elite athletes.

Materials and Methods: Twenty six young women and men elite swimmer were chosen from the available society. They were divided in two groups according to body mass index. Each subject performed postural stability tests for 6 trials with open and close eyes (3 trials with open and 3 trial with close eyes) that each trial was taken for 30 seconds and with 10 seconds rest between each of them. Balance index in anterior- posterior and medial- lateral directions were calculated and independent t test was used to compare between groups.

Result: Results show that men swimmer are more depended to vision than women swimmer in maintaining retrieval postural stability (p= 0.001), while most impairment in maintaining postural stability in both groups occur in lack of vision status in anterior- posterior direction (p= 0.001).

 Conclusion: The findings of this study can be used to design training programs to prepare athletes.

Key words: balance, vision, athlete, control

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Abstract

Background and Aim: consider ing based on the presence or absence of swelling of the optic disc, optic neuritis classified nto two types of anterior and retrobulbar optic neuritis. The aim of this study was to compare the visual functions of patients with anterior optic neuritis and retrobulbar optic neuritis.

Materials and Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted in 48 patients with optic neuritis including 35 patients (26 females) with retrobulbar optic neuritis and 13 patients (10 females) with anterior optic neuritis. Total cases aged ranging from 18 to 45 years old.The patients underwent clinical tests of visual functions, including visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and color vision. The collected data was recorded and statistical analysis was performed by SPSS software. The significance of the differences between two types of the diseases were calculated and compared by independent t-test.

Results: The anterior optic neuritis patients were slightly older than the retrobulbar optic neuritis ones (Average30.6yearsVs26.6years). Average defect to the visual functions was more severe in anterior optic neuritis in compare to retrobulbar. The visual functions of visual acuity (t=1.74, P=0.048) and color vision (t=-3.00, P=0.005) were significantly different between two types of the diseases. However, there was not a statistically significant difference (t=1.64, P=0.104) for contrast sensitivity as a visual function.

Conclusion: In the retrobulbar optic neuritis that there is not a specific appearance of fundoscopy ,the visual function of contrast sensitivity can be used as a helpful tool for primary diagnosis of the disease. especially

Key words: Anterior optic neuritis, etrobulbar optic neuritis, visual acuity, contrasts ensitivity ,colorvision.

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Abstract

Background and Aim: Visual impairment affects people's quality of life. Since the effect of rehabilitation services is measured by improving in quality of life, this study was performed to evaluate the effect of rehabilitation services on quality of life in the blind.

Materials and Methods: 121 blind and low vision people who covered by Zahedan Welfare Organization were studied by census method in this descriptive analytical study. Data was collected using demographic questionnaire (including demographic information and rehabilitation services information in the people) and quality of life questionnaire for the blind. This questionnaire was translated to Persian by Tavakol et al wich its and validity and reliability was assessed with using content validity and test-re-test method, respectively (0.89

Results: T-test results showed the mean score of quality of life significantly higher in patients who had rehabilitation service than persons deprived of services (p=0.03). Mann-Whitney test showed these patients have significantly higher quality of life in mobility domain (p=0.01) and self-care (p<0.001).

Conclusion: According to the results, developing rehabilitation services and providing social programs for the blind is suggested.

Keywords: rehabilitation service, quality of life, blind people, low vision people

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Background and Aim : Vision plays an important role in maintaining balance in the body so that the visual defects produce some disturbances in the body balance. In order to establish balance, the first afferent signals to the brain are provided through the visual system. Therefor, diagnosis and treatment of visual disturbances are so most effective and important. This paper reviews the importance of the visual system in body balance control and visual disorders which affecting on balance.

  

Materials and Methods : In this study, the articles from 1989 to 2012 with issues of vision and body balance were reviewed. The research with medical subject heading terms and key words of “vision” and “balance” in Pub-med, Science Direct, Scopus, Iran Doc, Scholar Google, Iran Medex, Magiran were done.

  

Conclusion: Correction of visual disorders and improving vision in patients with balance disorders can hasten the healing process.

  

Keywords: Vision, Balance, Visual Disorders