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Showing 4 results for Amani
Drug Use Pattern Between Urban Families In Ardabil City, Iran 
Firuz Amani, Afshin Shaker, Mohammad Sadegh Soltan Mohaammadzadeh, Negar Alaaf Akbari, Shohreh Sarrafe Smaeili,
Volume 5, Issue 5 (7 2012)
Abstract

Background and Aim: Medicine as a strategic commodity and basic needs of the most people in the country is important. According to the necessary recognition correct pattern of drug use, this study is conducted to measure the pattern of drug use among Ardabil city families.

Materials and Methods: A cross -sectional descriptive study was conducted on 1000 randomly selected families from Ardabil city in 2010. Necessary information was gathered by interviewing one of the oldest people in the family. Collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistical methods in SPSS.16 software.

Results: 485(48.5%) of study people were female and rest of them were male. The mean age of samples was 41.6(SD=14.1). From all families 22% uses the drugs in home for curing diseases by self diagnosis. 10.9% of them do not respond to doctors non medical advice and prefer the doctor to prescribe drugs otherwise they refer to another doctor.

Conclusion: Results showed that the drug use behavior between Ardabil city families was inappropriate and decreasing irrational use of drugs by providing necessary information to people regarding optimal use of medicine was necessary.


Improvement of Aerobic Power and Health Status in Overweight Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with High Intensity Interval Training
Behdad Tondpa Khaghani, Mohammad Reza Dehkhoda, Sadegh Amani Shalamzari,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (Apr & May 2019)
Abstract
Background and aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of six weeks high intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate intensity continuous training on health status in over weight males with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Materials and Methods: Thirty overweight males with NAFLD were randomly divided into three groups included control (n=10), HIIT group (n=10), continuous training (CT) group (n=10). The HIIT included four sets of two minutes running with a 90-95% heart rate reserve and 3 minutes of active rest between each set; every week, a repeat was added to the workout. Continuous aerobic training included 20 minutes of running with an intensity of 70-85% heart rate reserve, which every week was added five minutes to the workout. Aerobic power, liver enzymes and lipid profiles were measured in serum by valid tools and data analyzed by co-variancetest.
Results: After six weeks of training program, the serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP, lipid profiles and degree of fatty liver sonography improved significantly in the experimental groups compared to the control group (P< 0/05). Increased HDL and decreased LDL, total Cholesterol, AST and ALT levels in HIIT group were significantly than the CT group (P<0/05). The improvement in maximum oxygen uptake was only significant in HIIT group than other groups (P<0/05).
Conclusion: Base on finding, HIIT compare with continuous training by better effects on aerobic power, lipid profiles and reduction of liver enzymes can be a good choice for patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver.

The Reasons Why Laws and Policies Developed in Irans Health Sector are not Implemented Effectively
Mohammad Javad Kabir, Alireza Heidari, Nahid Jafari, Honarvar Mohammad Reza, Sajad Moeini, Zahra Khatirnamani,
Volume 16, Issue 6 (Feb 2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Many health policies are not implemented or incompletely implemented after approval. This issue significantly reduces the popularity and responsiveness of the top managers of the health system and leads to service disruption in the target community. Therefore, this study was conducted to explain the existing challenges in the implementation of health policies.
Materials and Methods: A qualitative study was conducted in 2021. The participants in the study were 20 scientific and executive experts. The data was collected using an interview guide and the in-depth individual interview method and was analyzed using the content analysis method using thematic analysis with Graneheim and Lundman's approach.
Results: The challenges include the policies formulation (lack of evidence-informed decision-making, lack of attention to the details of the implementation, the change of the initial text of the policy, conflict of interests, unclarity the executives, the lack of proper integration between the political and technical components of the policies, the weak participation of the main stakeholders, the lack of the same understanding of policies concept between policy makers and executives and lack of budget forecasting), challenges of policies implementation (uncertainty about roles of executive organizations, lack of executive attachment, conflict of interest,  lack of project management, change of formulated policies with change of executives, little belief among executives, lack of executive guarantee, lack of operational plan) and challenges of policies evaluation (Inadequate supervision and the absence of an informational and supervisory dashboard).
Conclusion: Using effective solutions to solve the challenges extracted in the stages of formulation, implementation and evaluation of health policies can lead to achieving the goals of the formulated policies and improving the health of the society.
 

Factors Related to Infection and Hospitalization of Covid-19, Results of the Participants of the Ravansar Non-Communicable Diseases Cohort Study in Kermanshah Province
Maryam Aghajarinezhad, Yahya Salimi, Shahab Rezaeian, Ghobad Moradi, Mehdi Moradinazar, Fatemeh Khosravi Shadmani, Roya Safari_ Faramani, Mitra Darbandi, Farid Najafi,
Volume 17, Issue 2 (5-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: All people living in a society are not equally at risk of COVID-19 infection and hospitalization. The current study is aimed to determine the factors related to COVID-19 infection and hospitalization among participants of Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort study. 
Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted between 28th February, 2020 to 27th November, 2021. Data from the RaNCD study, morbidity and hospitalizations cases (extracted from the medical care monitoring system, SAMA system and the handwritten list of the health department) and positive serological results were used. For the case-cohort study, 626 confirmed and/or probable cases and 2107 randomly selected participants as sub-cohort were recruited. For the case-control study, 188 COVID-19 hospitalized patients from RaNCD (as cases) and 632 positive outpatients identified as controls. Data were analyzed using Cox and logistic regression, respectively. 
Results: In case-cohort study, the hazard ratio of COVID-19 among people living in rural areas, in smokers and those in middle socioeconomic status was, 0.37 (0.24, 0.58), 1.50 (1.07, 2.11), as compared to the reference groups. While the hazard ratio of people aged 46-64 and those ≥65 years old, as compared to the reference group within the first year, was 3.47 (1.76, 6.86) and 6.45 (2.80, 14.85), the corresponding value after one year was 2.23 (1.13, 4.40) and 3.52 (1.53, 8.10), respectively. The hazard ratio among those with at least one comorbidity was 2.45 (1.53, 3.92) in the first year of study and after one year decreased to 1.82 (1.14, 2.92). In addition, moderate and vigorous physical activity decreased the hazard ratio. In case-control study the odds ratio of hospitalization increased by 0.03% (1.03(1.01, 1.05)) with an increase of one year in age and in people with at least three comorbidities was 2.43 (1.24, 4.73) times of those without comorbidity.     
Conclusion: Overall, one year after starting the study the decrease in hazard ratio of COVID-19 was significant. Increase in age and having comorbidities are factors that increased the odds ratio of hospitalization. Such people can be considered for the next waves of COVID-19 prioritized for health care and booster vaccination. 

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