Showing 15 results for Amini
A Amini, Sh Ghaffari, Y Mortazavi, N Eynolahi, K Alimoghadam, Sh Rostami, Y Gahani, A Ghavamzadeh,
Volume 2, Issue 1 (2 2008)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) is a clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorder characterized by a translocation between chromosome 9 and 22 called Philadelphia Chromosome. Telomerase- essential enzyme that adds telomeric repeats into the telomeres- maintains integrity of chromosomal ends. Most normal somatic cells do not express hTERT (catalytic subunit of telomerase) but most neoplasia and cancer cells express it. In this study we evaluated the hTERT expression in patients with CML at different phases of the disease.
Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional study, 73 samples of 45 patients with CML were studied. Twenty six of samples were taken from patients in chronic phase before therapy and 26 samples three month after therapy. Nine samples were taken in accelerated phase and 12 in blastic phase. hTERT expression was studied by RT-PCR and the results were analyzed using SPSS 15.
Results: Thirty three (73%) of patients were male and 12 (23%) were female. Patients were divided into three age groups 17-29, 30-40 and 41-75 years. Of 73 samples, 43 samples (58.9%) were positive for hTERT and 30 samples (41.1%) were negative for this gene. In chronic phase (before therapy) 69.2% of the samples were PCR positive, but after therapy only 38.5% of samples were PCR positive. In accelerated and blastic phases, 55.6% and 83.3% of samples were PCR positive respectively. The hTERT positivity was differently significant (p<0.05) among different phases of the disease.
Conclusion: Significant difference between hTERT expression in different phases of CML disease can be used as a useful molecular marker for fallowing up, prognosis and disease progression after treatment
R Safdari, N Masouri, O Aminian, S Davoodi,
Volume 2, Issue 4 (29 2009)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Occupational diseases are certain types of diseases that have been caused by special jobs and subject to special circumstances. There are several factors that can intensify these diseases. Various countries have indicated that they have played an effective role in decreasing exposures and its economic costs and attracting optimal resources through establishment of a comprehensive information system for occupational diseases with a appropriate structure. Health improvement is considered as the first aim of the health system which requires a comprehensive, complete and integrated information system on occupational disease.
Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive Comparative study which was conducted in 2008 during which information systems in countries such as US, Finland, France and Iran have been studied based on their objectives and structures. Main instrument of this research was articles, books, magazines, valid internet sites in English language. Then, the gathered data were classified and analyzed.
Results: All the three selected countries had an electronic information system and database in the field of occupational disease. In Finland, data of occupational diseases as well as their damages are kept in separate databases while US lacks a comprehensive system. There are countless systems in these countries in this field. In France, supervision on laboratories is a priority. In Iran, there is no certain comprehensive system for registering diseases.
Discussion and Conclusion: All of these countries have the same objectives. Structure of occupational diseases information system, in Finland, is more comprehensive. Iran lacks such a system, so it is recommended to make use of the experiences of other countries and establish electronic comprehensive disease system in this country.
M Khayatan, Aa Nasiri Pour, M Amini, Sm Mohamad Nejad,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (20 2011)
Abstract
Background and Aim: In any country, one of the fundamental goals of health policymakers is to facilitate the people's access to treatment and health care services. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify factors that influence recievers' access to delivered services in urban health care services.
Materials and Methods: We performed this descriptive and cross sectional study in year 2008. We used the multi-stage sampling method for selecting 57 staffs of urban health care centers as statistical samples. The valid and reliable questionnaire for gathering data was designed. Data was analyzed by SPSS 2 version 13 software.
Results: Our findings indicate that mean scores of individual, geographical, financial and structural factor was 2.29 (61.4% with high impact), 2.42 (57.9% with high impact), 2.27 (56.1% with high impact) and 2.58 (86% with high impact), respectively. (Our mean score range was 0 to 3).
Conclusion: According to the assessment of employee's viewpoint of Urban Health Care Centers, all of four individual, geographical, financial and structural factors had high influence on person's access to health care services in Urban Health Care Centers. Consequently this study has presented suggestions (according to the findings) for improving access to delivered services in urban health care centers.
Mohammad Taghi Amini, Lotfali Bakhtiari, Hossein Dargahi, Ogan Karimi , Hajar Moammai, Mohammad Janbozorgi, Elham Haghshenas,
Volume 7, Issue 3 (9-2013)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Strategic thinking plays a very important role in guarding organizational survival and increasing development in today's dynamic and changing environment. One of the elements of strategic thinking is systemic thinking, which forms the conceptual framework to solve issues in an organization. This study aims to determine the ability of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) senior managers to stick to systemic thinking based on Friedrik Goldman’s model.
Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive- analytic study conducted on a sample of 100 TUMS senior managers in 2010. The data collection instrument was a standard questionnaire on systemic thinking, the response rate of which turned out to be 97%. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were confirmed prior to its distribution. SPSS software was used for data analysis. To this end, single sample t-test and Friedman statistical methods were also applied.
Results: The findings revealed that the ability of systemic thinking was optimal among most TUMS senior managers.
Conclusion : Enhancing and strengthening systemic thinking among TUMS senior managers are suggested, especially regarding omniscient and multi-end approach.
Seyed Javad Ghazi Mirsaeid , Zahra Pouramini,
Volume 7, Issue 6 (3-2014)
Abstract
Background
and Aim: The lack of paying attention
to overlap between two databases cause purchase of duplicate resources waste of
funds. This study examined overlap of articles in the field of cardiovascular
which was indexed in Scopus and Web of science databases during years 2001 to
2010.
Materials
and Methods: In this study, at first,
sub-headings in cardiovascular field from medical thesaurus (Mesh 2012) was
extracted, then each keyword in the title of the articles in both databases
were searched and articles retrieved. Then bibliographic information of these
articles entered into Endnote X3 software and afterwards was arranged based on
alphabetically title. As a result common articles between the two databases and
unique articles to each database was determined. Using SPSS version 0.1.0.8 the amount of relative and traditional overlaps was
calculated between the two databases.
Results:
Totally 45,680 articles were
retrieved. There were 27,979 common titles, 14,875 articles belonged only to
Scopus and 2826 articles belonged to Web of Science. Finally traditional
overlap was 61/5%. Overlaps of Web of Science with Scopus 65/28% and Scopus
with Web of Science were 65/28% and 90/82% repectively.
Conclusion: The amount of relative overlap between the two
databases as well as relative overlaps from Scopus with Web of Science is more
than the relative overlaps from Web of science with Scopus. It means many
articles that have been indexed in Scopus don’t exist in the Web of science.
Azade Chatruz , Hamide Javadinasab, Mohammad Kazem Amini , Mahmoud Biglar, Nehzat Goudarzi, Javad Javad,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (5-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim: One of the perennial questions for hospitals and insurance organizations are the real cost of g lobal surgery. The aim of this study was to compare the cost of global surgery bills with approved tariffs in hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences Medical Sciences .
Materials and Methods: This was a cross – sectional study . The study population included all hospitalized patient bills eligible for global tariff at nine selected hospitals (include: Imam Khomeini, Shariati, Arash, Fatemeh Alzahra, Zanan, Cancer Institute and Razi) affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2012. Checklist was used for data collection. Data about the real costs of surgical procedures were collected from the patients' bills . Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics in SPSS version 16 software .
Results: The results showed that a total of 90 included global tariff surgical, 68 surgical procedures were performed in nine selected hospitals. Except seven surgical procedures in other cases (61 cases), the real costs of surgical procedures average 3 -312 percent more than approved global tariff. The surgical procedure "Septoplasty" had the most difference with global tariff.
Conclusion: The results showed that surgical global tariff are not real, and lead to the hospitals financial loss. Therefore, it is recommended that to prevent the hospital financial loss in the calculation of the g lobal t ariff factors such as patient age , presence or absence of comorbidity and complication, disease severity, length of stay and inflation rates in country to be considered .
Batool Amini , Shoaleh Bigdeli, Mandana Shirazi, Seyed Mohammad Mirshahvalad ,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (4-2016)
Abstract
Background and Aim: InterProfessional Education (IPE) and collaboration is an inseparable part of professional team work to render efficient patient care. In addition, the readiness of medical students to take part in InterProfessional (IP) activities and considering IPE in undergraduate medical curriculum positively affects the IPE. This descriptive cross-sectional study aims to adapt the RIPLS for these contexts.
Materials and Methods: Permission to translate the questionnaire was secured from its developers (Parsell and Bligh). The questionnaire was translated to Persian and its face and content validity was confirmed by an expert panel (N=10). The adapted version was distributed among a random group of senior medical students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (N=40). Finally, Test- retest was performed and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was applied to assess reliability and internal consistency of the instrument. The Cronbach’s alpha’s cut-off point was 0.7 in this study.
Results: Experts confirmed face and content validity of the questionnaire, and it was internally consistent. The Cronbach’s alpha was 0.92. The intra-class correlation (ICC) was above 0.7 in each subscale.
Conclusion: This study indicates that Farsi version of RIPLS questionnaire is valid and reliable and it can be used to assess interprofessional readiness in Iranian contexts.
Hamed Basir Ghafouri, Mohammad Hosseini Kasnavieh, Marziye Alsadate Sharifi, Milad Amini, Amirreza Darzi Ramandi ,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (Supplement 1 2017)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Hospitals should be able to satisfy their clients’ needs in less time and with best quality possible. Length of Stay (LOS) in hospitals is considered as a key performance indicator, especially in emergency departments. In this study, the analysis of LOS in emergency departments was performed so that some of the factors affecting patients’ length of stay could be found.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study was performed in the emergency departments of two teaching hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS). Seventy-two patient samples were included. The patients’ length of stay in emergency ward was measured from the entrance time until the time they left the emergency department. Data on both descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and analytical statistics (one-way ANOVA, independent sample t-test and linear regression) were analyzed with SPSS software.
Results: Patients’ average LOS in emergency departments was estimated at around 3 hours and 13 minutes (SD=1.52). Such variables as patients’ marital status, days of the week (holidays or regular days) and admission time (day or night) were determined as the factors affecting LOS.
Conclusion: The time spent to give services in hospital emergency rooms is at an appropriate level and items such as marital status, holidays of a week, and time of the day can be referred to as factors affecting patients’ length of stay. With regard to these findings, health managers can rely on the results for the effective planning and management of hospital emergency departments.
Ali Mohammad Mosadeghrad, Ahmad Fayaz-Bakhsh, Fataneh Amini,
Volume 11, Issue 5 (1-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Strategic planning has an important role in achieving competitive advantage for nonprofit organizations. However, some strategic plans fail. The present study aimed to investigate challenges of strategic planning in Welfare Organization.
Materials and Methods: A qualitative approach was used for this case study. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 senior and middle managers who were members of the strategic planning committee. Content analysis method was used for data analysis, and 7 themes and 16 sub-themes were identified from the data.
Results: Lack of justification of the strategic planning, the strategic planning model, inappropriate composition of the strategic planning team, the structural and managerial changes of the Welfare Organization, time limitation, insufficient training, and budget constraints were the main challenges of strategic planning in the Welfare Organization.
Conclusion: If the strategic planning challenges are not managed well, more problems are expected to occure during the implementation of the strategic plan. Senior managers’ commitment, strong management and leadership, participative corporate culture, education and training, staff empowerment, and provision of required resources will facilitate strategic planning implementation in organizations.
Fatemeh Mohammad Jani , Kumarss Amini,
Volume 11, Issue 6 (3-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Staphylococcus aureus produces many virulence factors, including toxins, immune-modulatory factors, and exoenzymes. The study was performed to determine virulence and resistance-related factors etA, etB, tst, mecA and femA in the S. aureus isolated from clinical samples using Multiplex PCR.
Materials and Methods: In this cross - sectional study, a total 60 S. aureus were collected from the Shariati hospital in Tehran, Iran. Susceptibility test to several antimicrobial agents was performed by disk diffusion agar based on clinical and laboratory standard institute guidelines. After DNA extraction, the multiplex-PCR amplification of the etA, etB, tst, mecA and femA was performed in all the clinical isolates.
Results: In this study, all isolates (100%) were positive for the presence of femA gene. The highest and lowest resistance rate were related to erythromycin and cefoxitin, respectively. 33.3% (n; 20) and 43.3% (n; 26) of isolates carried in order etb and tst genes. All strains were negative for the eta gene.
Conclusion: Our results showed that, among many virulence factors produced by S. aureus, etb, tst play an important role in the pathogenesis of staphylococcal infections. Results suggested that identification of MRSA strains to be done using cefoxitin disk (in comparison of oxacillin) or PCR for mecA gene.
Elham Ranjbar , Kumarss Amini,
Volume 11, Issue 6 (3-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important factors in hospital infections, especially in patients with immune deficiency and Childhood diseases. The Virulence of bacteria are due to the presence of the Pyoverdine gene, which has many effects on the wild type of bacteria during the pathogenic pathway. Identification of different classes of PVD gene is necessary for the development of prevention and control Diseases program. In this research, the presence of PVD genes in the samples and their effect on pathogenicity was isolated and investigated.
Materials and Methods: In the present study 60 Species of P. aeruginosa was isolated from clinical samples of human and animal, after approval by diagnostic tests and differential, were studied. Finally, for every 60 Species, isolated, Multiplex PCR was performed to detect target genes. Multiplex PCR method is to be considered as the gold standard. Its results are more reliable.
Results: The results showed that the frequency of PVD gene in human isolates and livestock gene encoding the 3rd Pyoverdine was the highest frequency with 76.6% the lowest frequency is for Pyoverdine class 2 with 46%.
Conclusion: As a result, the identification of three type’s genes of PVD classes in all strains tested by Pseudomonas could help to identify human patients and livestock with Pseudomonas infection and, given the presence of the gene encoding PVDs, has a direct relation to important bacterial pathogenicity.
Maryam Amini, Leila Nazarimanesh, Mahmoud Mahmoudi Majdabadi Farahani,
Volume 12, Issue 6 (Feb & Mar 2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Patient participation is a widespread concept and is considered as an important issue for improving the quality of patient care and patient safety, which has been considered by health managers. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of nurses' characteristics on their willingness to patient participation in patient safety in hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences using PaCT-HCW questionnaire.
Materials & Methods: This was a descriptive-analytic study. Cross-sectional information was gathered on 220 nurses working in teaching and non-teaching hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences, year of 2017-2018. For sampling, nurses were randomly selected from eligible wards. To collect information validated Malfait and et al questionnaire by named PaCT-HCW was used. The data were analyzed with SPSS 22 software using descriptive statistics and regression test at P-value less than 0.05.
Results: The nurses' two characteristics including the length of work experience in the hospital (P=0.043, B=0.323), and the length of work experience in the ward (P=0.006, B=0.604) The direct effect and type of hospital (P=0.001, B =-8.182) had a reverse effect on nurses' willingness to patient participation in patient safety
Conclusion: Health managers can consider The length of nurses' experience, as well as the type of hospital and the type of specialized ward, by creating the necessary facilities and developing educational programs for patient participation in patient safety.
Mina Rezaei, Sedigheh Mehrabian, Kiumars Amini,
Volume 13, Issue 6 (Feb & Mar 2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Candida albicans has numerous virulence factors such as the agglutinin-like sequence(ALS) genes which code the large glycoprotein family that has a role in the adherence of Candida. The present study was to observe the synergistic effect of ketoconazole and probiotic composition of Bifidobacterium bifidum on expression of C. albicans als gene biofilm isolated from oral samples.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 12 clinical isolates of C. albicans were collected from oral periodontal infection in patients referred to dental clinic in Kerman. The MIC and FIC values for each treatment(keto and probiotic alone and keto-probiotic composition) were obtained using micro broth dilution method. Finally, a real-time PCR test was performed to evaluate the level of ASL gene expression in the strains and the results were analyzed using the 2-ΔΔct method.
Results: The results showed that the combination of ketoconazole and bifidobacterium bifidum had synergistic effects. The results of this study showed that the effect of Ketoconazole(keto), B.bifidum(probiotic) alone and the effects of ketoconazole+Bifidobacterium(keto+pro) were 1.47, 1.61 and 1.29 times, reduced the als gene, respectively.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that synergistic effects between ketoconazole and probiotic B. bifidum have been shown to reduce als gene expression(biofilm production). Therefore, it is recommended to administer probiotic supplementation with ketoconazole in the treatment of candidal infections.
Moslem Soleymanpor, Mohamad Taghi Amini, Yazdan Shirmohammadi, Ali Shahnazari,
Volume 15, Issue 5 (Dec 2021 & Jan 2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: With the global expansion of Covid 19, the tourism industry has faced one of its biggest operational, commercial and financial crises, and most of the source-destination interactions have been suspended and have changed the view of the host community and their interactions with tourists. The purpose of this study is to provide a model for tourism development during the Covid 19 crisis and beyond.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted using a combined (qualitative-quantitative) research approach. First, in a qualitative method with the data foundation approach, interviews with academic experts and managers and activists of the tourism industry in East and West Azerbaijan Provinces, and using purposeful and theoretical sampling, 18 people were selected to the point of information saturation. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were used to collect data. Data extracted from interviews were encoded by open, axial and selective coding. Then, to fit and test the obtained model in the second step (quantitative part), the method of structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis were used.
Results: The final model consists of a total of 66 concepts extracted from the interviews, in the form of 14 categories and contextual categories, causal conditions, interventional conditions, strategies and finally, consequences and results of tourism entrepreneurship in pandemic crises and all of them affect this model. Based on the results of combined reliability, extracted variance, model determination coefficient and goodness-of-fit index, the drawn model in the field of path analysis has good experimental-theoretical assumptions and has a very good fit. Based on the obtained path coefficients, it can be concluded that the intervention conditions had the most and the causal conditions had the least impact on the strategic model of the tourism industry in pandemic crises.
Conclusion: Results indicate that strategies such as virtual tourism development, crisis management in the tourism industry, the development of domestic tourism by emphasizing the observance of health protocols and focusing on the development of tourism infrastructure, leads to the realization of consequences such as the maintenance and prosperity of tourism businesses, strengthening the tourism industry and creating a new tourism market for the post-corona era.
Ashraf Dehghani, Maryam Ghanbari Khoshnood, Somayeh Amini Sarteshnizi, Arezoo Farhadi,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (3-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The emergence and continuity of Corona has forced universities and higher education centers to change their educational strategy to take appropriate and consistent action to improve their educational programs. Due to the importance of e-learning and e-learning in response to these conditions, the present study investigated the experience of students of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences from e-learning in the Covid-19 crisis condition.
Materials and Methods: This was a qualitative research with an interpretive phenomenological approach. The purposeful sampling method was used. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. After the thirteenth interview, the theoretical saturation of the data was achieved and the interview process with the sixteenth person was completed. In order to analyze the text of the interviews, the Colaizzi method was used.
Results: From the analysis of the obtained data, three main themes: “Communication and interaction” with five sub-themes (lack of proper interaction between student/professor and student/student, lack of motivation, security and mental health, knowledge sharing and efficiency atmosphere in time and cost), “Management of time and learning style” with six sub-themes (low quality of teaching, stress, access and provision of resources, exam health, gaining experience and skills and opportunity to learn again and innovation in education) and “Infrastructure and technical facilities” were extracted with three sub-themes (weak support, ignoring educational equality and promoting media literacy). Weak interaction between professor and student, increasing level of anxiety and individual responsibility to achieve success in learning and weak technical and management infrastructure were the main challenges obtained from these three themes. Providing a platform for research, self-regulation and self-management in learning, increasing the knowledge and skills of information and communication technology are among the opportunities that are included in these themes.
Conclusion: The results of the current research require attention to the approach of interaction and communication between the learner and the learner, to review the methods of teaching and skill-learning, to improve the quality of electronic learning and to prepare suitable infrastructures for optimal use of electronic learning.
