Journal of

Background and Aim: Group B streptococcus(GBS)(Streptococcus agalactiae) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality of the newborn infant and accounted as a factor leading septicemia after birth in mothers. Infections in infants are usually acquired by contact with the genital tract of the mother during labor and delivery. So a rapid screening test for group B streptococcus that could accurately identify pregnant women who are carrying the bacteria at the time of delivery would obviate the need for prenatal screening.The goal of this study was molecular epidemiology of group B beta Hemolytic Streptococcal(GBS) colonization in the vaginal flora of pregnant women.

Materials and Methods: Samples were taken from mucus of anal and vaginal of 250 pregnant women during 35-37 week's ingestion by swap. Samples were tested by standard culture using Todd Hewitt Broth and Blood Agar and also by PCR using cfb gene.

Results: Culture identified 21(8.4%) women as carriage of GBS from 250 women but PCR assay could identify 24(9/6%) women. In comparison to culture results, sensitivity, NPV Specificity PPV of PCR Were(100%, 100% and 97%, 82%) respectively. The times that used for PCR assay and culture were 2h and 36h respectively.

Conclusion: In conclusion, we found that group B streptococci can be detected rapidly and reliably by a PCR assay of combined vaginal and anal secretions from pregnant women at the time of delivery. Also this study shows that incidence of GBS is at high rate in Iranian pregnant woman, so we recommend screening of pregnant woman for detecting of GBS emphatically.

 Background and Aim: Strategic thinking plays a very important role in guarding organizational survival and increasing development in today's dynamic and changing environment. One of the elements of strategic thinking is systemic thinking, which forms the conceptual framework to solve issues in an organization. This study aims to determine the ability of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) senior managers to stick to systemic thinking based on Friedrik Goldman’s model.

Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive- analytic study conducted on a sample of 100 TUMS senior managers in 2010. The data collection instrument was a standard questionnaire on systemic thinking, the response rate of which turned out to be 97%. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were confirmed prior to its distribution. SPSS software was used for data analysis. To this end, single sample t-test and Friedman statistical methods were also applied.

Results: The findings revealed that the ability of systemic thinking was optimal among most TUMS senior managers.

Conclusion : Enhancing and strengthening systemic thinking among TUMS senior managers are suggested, especially regarding omniscient and multi-end approach.

Background and Aim: Having a preparedness program for earthquake in hospital, with regard to its function for victims of accidents, is very important. The main objective of this study was evaluation of effective factors on the rate of preparedness of Tehran University of Medical Sciences’ teaching hospitals, to deal with earthquake danger of earthquake .

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional analytical survey was performed in the follow ing hospitals: Sina, Farabi, Roozbeh, and Razi. Data was collected by checklists and questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using statistical software (SPSS19) and Pearson correlation , ANOVA, t-test statistical tests.

Results: The most and the least preparedness against earthquake was in disaster management and construction mitigation plan fields respectively. Relationship between the field of hospital curriculums with construction mitigation plan (p= 0/045 and r=0/644) and hospital environmental health action plan (p=0/048 and r=0/636), was significant.

Conclusion : Average of Hospitals preparation against earthquake was evaluated in an intermediate level (51.81percent). Due to the significant relationship between education and other fields that are listed above it is suggested that in addition to short-term training programs, non-structural retrofitting of hospitals should be considered as a priority.