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Assessment of TPS tumor marker with ELISA for early detection and monitoring of Breast Cancer
Ar Salehi Nodeh, Sh Ghafouri, Sar Razavi, Sa Mirshafie,
Volume 2, Issue 1 (2 2008)
Abstract

Background and Aim: Fatal disease of cancer, ranks second after cardiovascular disease, as the most important causes of mortality in many developing countries, including Iran. Breast cancer is the most common disease among women. TPS is one of the tumor markers which has specially been considered due to its exclusive physiological characteristics like its easy measurement in serum of cancer patients.

Materials and Methods: This study has been set up to evaluate the efficiency of this tumor marker in the prognosis, treatment control and follow up of patients with Breast cancer. TPS has been measured with ELISA in 34 persons including 28 healthy people and 6 patients with breast cancer. Sampling has been done in three times depending on treatment methods.

Results: TPS has been measured  in samples which contend of 2 to 3 ml of serum from patients and the health.

Conclusion: The results has revealed that the serum TPS is not only as a measure of prognosis but also would be helpful in follow up and treatment control of the disease.

Conclusion: Serological analysis can be settled in the diagnosis and trend of cancer with production of polyclonal antibody against TPS gene family and planning appropriate pattern.


A Survey of Patients' Length of Stay and Its Effective Predictors in Emergency Departments of TUMS Selected Hospitals
Hamed Basir Ghafouri, Mohammad Hosseini Kasnavieh, Marziye Alsadate Sharifi, Milad Amini, Amirreza Darzi Ramandi ,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (Supplement 1 2017)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Hospitals should be able to satisfy their clients’ needs in less time and with best quality possible. Length of Stay (LOS) in hospitals is considered as a key performance indicator, especially in emergency departments. In this study, the analysis of LOS in emergency departments was performed so that some of the factors affecting patients’ length of stay could be found. 
Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study was performed in the emergency departments of two teaching hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS). Seventy-two patient samples were included. The patients’ length of stay in emergency ward was measured from the entrance time until the time they left the emergency department. Data on both descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and analytical statistics (one-way ANOVA, independent sample t-test and linear regression) were analyzed with SPSS software.
Results: Patients’ average LOS in emergency departments was estimated at around 3 hours and 13 minutes (SD=1.52). Such variables as patients’ marital status, days of the week (holidays or regular days) and admission time (day or night) were determined as the factors affecting LOS. 
Conclusion: The time spent to give services in hospital emergency rooms is at an appropriate level and items such as marital status, holidays of a week, and time of the day can be referred to as factors affecting patients’ length of stay. With regard to these findings, health managers can rely on the results for the effective planning and management of hospital emergency departments.

Antibiotic Resistance of Helicobacter Pylori in Patients Referred to Razi Hospital, Ilam
Gholamreza Nouri, Sobhan Ghafourian, Golnaz Nosratpour,
Volume 20, Issue 1 (4-2026)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common causes of human infection. Most infected individuals develop chronic active gastritis, which can lead to gastric ulcers, atrophic gastritis, gastric cancer, and gastric MALT lymphoma. Antibiotic resistance is a multifaceted problem and encompasses medical, social, economic, and anthropological domains. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains in clinical settings has raised concerns among public health authorities. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori to amoxicillin, levofloxacin, metronidazole, and clarithromycin in the gastroenterology clinic of Razi Hospital, Ilam.
Materials and Methods:  This is a descriptive study conducted over a period of 1 year on patients suspected of having infection caused by Helicobacter pylori who were diagnosed and treated in Razi Hospital as an inpatient or outpatient. In this study, a group of 50 people suspected of having gastrointestinal infections were selected for endoscopy. The obtained categorical data were analyzed using Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests, while continuous variables (age) were analyzed using Student’s t-test in SPSS software, with a significance level of P<0.05.
Results: A total of 50 patients were studied. None of the 50 patients had taken antibiotics during the previous month. Of these, 25 (50%) were men and the rest were women. The mean age of men in this study was higher than that of women, but this difference was not statistically significant (P-value=0.097). Of the 50 samples collected, 13 were confirmed as Helicobacter pylori based on a combination of positive rapid urease test (RUT), culture, biochemical testing, and genotypic verification via PCR. The PCR test result in all 13 cases was positive. Thus, the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori among patients who had referred to the hospital with gastrointestinal symptoms was 26%. In addition, the test result did not differ statistically significant according to the patient’s gender. Antibiotic sensitivity and resistance testing showed that all 13 samples studied (100%) were resistant to metronidazole and amoxicillin. Ten out of 13 samples (76.9%) were resistant to tetracycline and levofloxacin, and 12 samples (92.3%) were resistant to clarithromycin. 
Conclusion: The findings of this study indicated that H.pylori resistance to metronidazole and amoxicillin is high, and resistance to clarithromycin is also significant. Therefore, the choice of treatment regimen should be guided by local resistance patterns. Due to the small number of positive isolates, the results of this study should be interpreted with caution, and larger studies are required for generalization. 

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