Showing 12 results for Jahan
Y Erfani, R Safdari, A Rasti , Mk Sharifi Yazdi , Sam Jahanmehr , H Yazdanbod , F Sadeghi ,
Volume 1, Issue 1 (9 2007)
Abstract
Background: Septicemia is a life threatening status and needs rapid antibiotic treatment. Enterobacteriacea are one of the most important causes of septicemia. So this study is therefore aimed to evaluate antibiotic susceptibility of enterobacteriacea isolates in blood cultures in Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Methods: This retrospective study was performed on 138 patients with positive blood culture in Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran in 2004, using disk diffusion and Macfarland standard.
Results: Prevalence of isolated enterobacteriacea was respectively E. coli (n=74, 53.6%), Klebsiella (n=37, 26.8%), Enterobacter (n=21, 15.2%), Citrobacter (n=4, 2.9%), Salmonella paratyphi (n=1, 0.7%) and Proteus mirabilis (n=1, 0.7%). The most antibiotic susceptibility among enterobacteriaceaes was ciprofloxacin (60.4%), cloramphenicol (56.8 %) and gentamycin (49.3%). The most antibiotic resistance were seen among cephalotine (78%), cotrimoxazole (62.3 %) and ceftriaxon (57.5 %).
Conclusions: Due to dissimilarity between antibiotic consumption in laboratories and hospitals, it seems that to reach more proper conclusions and choosing better strategy for antibiotic consumption, cooperation should be between laboratories and physicians, plus synergism between drug prescription and antibiotic discs in laboratories.
Aa Nasiri Pour, K Jahangiri, S Aghamohamadi,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (20 2011)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Waiting time is one of the factors affecting patient satisfaction of service quality which is offered. In This Study waiting times referred to some clinics like Shahid Dastani integrated clinical training center, treatment and researching center like Shariati Hospital was performed.
Materials and Methods: Six sigma model in four stages together with qualitative and quantitative methods was used in this study. The study population consisted of the all patient referred to specialist clinics like Shahid Dastani during every week. We selected 10% of all patients as a sample size referred to specialist clinics (n= 266). Data were collected by interviewing and filling the checklists using a stopwatch. Measured waiting times were registered in a blank form. Data entry and analysis were performed using SPSS.
Results: Mean and standard deviation of waiting time were 121± 33.73 minutes. The most important processes from referred entrance to leaving the physician's office consisted of comprehensive workflow processes, overall workflow, times forming, funds, medical records, previous bloom times, refunds and discount at all costs, and complaints.
Conclusion: The first three factors of prolonged time form health care providers and referees view are simultaneous increase in the number of referees, physicians being on time and shortage of doctors. This collection extends the time of giving services by clinice, providing human resources and modifying the physical spaces wich were some of recommendations to reduce waiting times.
Seyed Amir Yazdanparast, Seyedeh Shahrzad Mahdavi Nezarati, Fariba Heshmati, Samira Jahangiri, Zohreh Zarei,
Volume 5, Issue 4 (12 2012)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Candida species are among the most common causes of opportunistic fungal diseases. Among Candida species, Candida albicans is responsible for most infections. Having many strains, C.albicans is highly polymorph. C. dubliniensis is very similar to albicans species both morphologically and physiologically. For an infection to occur, cell wall proteins play an important role as they enable yeasts to adhere to host cells and begin pathogenesis. Therefore, we decided to extract these proteins and examine them through molecular methods of protein analysis. Finally we came up with the idea of a modified staining in our analysis.
Materials and Methods: Initially cell wall proteins of two C. albicansstrains (CBS 562 & PTCC6027) and one C. dubliniensis strain (CBS 7987) were extracted by using a solution of beta-mercaptoethanol and ammonium carbonate. After dialysis, SDS gel electrophoresis was performed on the protein extract. Bands were then visualized by using three different staining methods among which one method was modified by us.
Results: By using Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining method, proteins with molecular weight of 42, 66.2 and 200 kDa were detected. By using Silver staining method, proteins with molecular weight of 21.5, 28.5 and 37 kDa were detected. However, using combined staining methods visualized more bands resulting improved detection.
Conclusion: To answer many questions about fungal diseases, fungi cell wall proteins are necessary to be examined. A simple method to enhance such molecular studies is the use of a modified staining method that combines both Coomassie Brilliant Blue and Silver staining.
Mohammad Amin Norozi, Mahdi Jahangiri, Parvin Ahmadinezhad , Forough Zare Derisi ,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (12 2012)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Hospitals are among the most important establishments providing health services, in which -- due to special hazards -- the observance of safety principles is of great importance. This research aimed to study the safety conditions at educational hospitals of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences(SUMS).
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in all educational hospitals in Shiraz and their safety status was investigated using safety audit technique. To this end, audit checklists were prepared and completed through observation, interview with managers and officials of various departments as well as studying the related documents. Then, based on the realization of safety requirements, hospitals were classified into three levels of poor (lower than 50%), medium (5o-75%), and good (higher than75%).
Results: The mean realization of safety requirements in the studied hospitals was 58 percent. The highest and lowest levels of realization of safety requirements were related to radiation safety and safety management, respectively. Safety status was evaluated as poor in 25% and medium in 75% of the studied hospitals.
Conclusion: The safety conditions of the studied hospitals, especially as regards safety management, emergency response plan, and fire safety aspects were relatively poor. The most important reason for that was the lack of clarity of responsibilities and of safety organizational structure. To improve the safety status, hospitals are required to establish the Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OHSAS 18001).
Atefeh Kalantari, Abdolrasool Jowkar , Hassan Jahani Hashemi ,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (12-2017)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Technical videos and images are of great importance in learning different topics of medical sciences. This study is conducted to determine the effect of videos and images in learning from students’ point of view and also their problems in accessing them.
Materials and Methods: This is a survey study. Data were collected by a self-made questionnaire and the population included postgraduate students of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences in the first semester of 94-95.
Results: More than half of the students stated that images and videos have an average or more-than-average effect on their learning achievements. There is no significant relationship between students’ fields of study and their feeling the need for specialized images and videos. To get advice, they refer more to their professors or classmates than to librarians. A large number of responding students had not heard even the names of specialized image-and-video databases or they had never used them before. Low-speed internet and filtering of sites are the most important factors in students’ failure to access their required images and videos while students themselves have ranked ‘unfamiliarity with specialized databases’ as the fourth important factor.
Conclusion: The students know the importance of images and videos in learning achievements, but since they don’t know the professional databases and don’t have an appropriate interaction with librarians, they resort to general search-engines and, as a result, they face with blocked sites and are deprived from what they really want.
Nastaran Abbasi Hasanabadi, Farzad Firouzi Jahantigh, Payam Tabarsi,
Volume 13, Issue 6 (Feb & Mar 2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Despite the implementation of effective preventive and therapeutic programs, no significant success has been achieved in the reduction of tuberculosis. One of the reasons is the delay in diagnosis. Therefore, the creation of a diagnostic aid system can help to diagnose early Tuberculosis. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the role of the Naive Bayes algorithm as a tool for the diagnosis of pulmonary Tuberculosis.
Materials and Methods: In this practical study, the study population included Patients with TB symptoms, the study sample is recorded data of 582 individuals with primary Tuberculosis symptoms in Tehran's Masih Daneshvari Hospital. The data of samples were investigated in two classes of pulmonary Tuberculosis and non-Tuberculosis. A Naive Bayes algorithm for screening pulmonary Tuberculosis using primary symptoms of patients has been used in Python software version 3.7.
Results: Accuracy, sensitivity and specificity after the implementation of the Naive Bayes algorithm for diagnosis of pulmonary Tuberculosis were %95.89, %93.59 and %98.53, respectively, and the Area under curve was calculated %98.91.
Conclusion: The performance of a Naive Bayes model for diagnosis of pulmonary Tuberculosis is accurate. This system can be used to help the patient and manage illness in remote areas with limited access to laboratory resources and healthcare professional and cause to diagnose early Tuberculosis. It can also lead to timely and appropriate proceedings to control the transmission of TB to other people and to accelerate the recovery of the disease.
Masoomeh Abdi Talarposhti, Ghahraman Mahmoudi Alemi, Mohammad Ali Jahani,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (oct & Nov 2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: One of the reasons that caused healths clients are feeling dissatisfaction with health organizations is expectations that they are creating and not able to meet according to their expectations. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of production a branding model for health services with the of clients’ expectations approach.
Materials and Methods: This compound study was performed in 2021. The statistical population of this study in qualitative phase included 20 academic and institutional experts using snowball sampling and the Delphi technique. For the quantitative phase, 830 people referred to health centers were selected as service recipients. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by face, content, and structural validity, and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach’s alpha of 0.96 Quantitative data were presented by EQS software version 6.1 with confirmatory factor analysis and using structural equations.
Results: The results of factor structure in healthcare branding based on six main themes of competitive position, brand equity, brand accessibility, brand consolidation in the minds of clients and the market, branding strategies, and consumer-brand relationship with 19 sub-themes based on the perspective of health services clients (CFI=0/9, TLI=0/9, SRMR=0/049, RMSEA=0/09) had a good fit and the internal consistency of the items had significant levels (P<0/05).
Conclusion: The results of this study show that 19 sub-main themes confirm the six-factor structure of health services branding and were one of the effective themes in branding from the perspective of clients. Since the branding of health services improves the quantity and quality of services provided in the health system, therefore, it is suggested that by creating innovation in the quantity and quality of services provided, access to health services, creating a competitive advantage and empowering employees and improving communication skills, an effective step can be taken in health services branding planning.
Miss Maryam Eslami, Javad Jahangirzadeh,
Volume 16, Issue 6 (Feb 2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The curriculum as the heart of the educational system is one of the effective factors in achieving the goals and mission of the university and its evaluation is of particular importance. Since medical education deals with human life and clerkships also play an essential role in shaping the professional abilities of medical students, this research was conducted with the aim of determining the desirability of clerkship programs from the point of view of medical students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences during the Covid-19 pandemic based on the nine elements of Francis Klein.
Materials and Methods: In this study, a descriptive-survey method was used. The statistical population was 487 medical students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, who were undergoing the clerkship stage at the time of the research, and the questionnaire was provided to them in the form of a census. The number of samples was determined based on Morgan’s table of 215 people. The research tool was a standard questionnaire, the validity of which was confirmed by professors in the field of educational sciences, and its reliability was calculated using the Cronbach’s alpha method of 0.794. Descriptive statistics (including statistical tables, graphs, central and dispersion indices) and inferential statistics (including one-sample t-tests and independent two-sample t-tests) were used for data analysis.
Results: The results showed that clerkship programs from the point of view of medical students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences during the covid-19 disease, considering that the t-statistic of all research variables is less than 1.96 (educational objectives t=-4.735, educational content t=0/666, learning activities t=-7.812, teaching strategies t=-4.246, educational materials and resources t=-0.970, grouping of learners t=-5.223, learning space (place) t=-4.029, learning time t=-5.043, and learning evaluation t=-7.348) were not desirable in terms of all elements. It was also found that there is no significant difference in attitudes between male and female students regarding the desirability of these programs except for the element of educational goals.
Conclusion: According to the results of the research, the medical clerkship programs of Tehran University of Medical Sciences are facing challenges during the Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a program that is compatible with the conditions and can meet the educational needs of the learners.
Akram Hemmatipour, Ali Hatami, Azam Jahangirimehr, Foruzan Jelodari, Zahra Mehri,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (3-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: There is a correlation between disease and quality of life in patients with chronic disease and physical disorders have a direct effect on all aspects of quality of life. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of family-centered empowerment model based on multimedia education on the quality of life of children with thalassemia.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 120 patients along with their parents, who had medical records at the thalassemia center of Khatam al-Anbiya Hospital in Shoushtar, were selected according to the inclusion criteria and were divided into two groups of intervention and control (n=60) by random allocation. Subjects were matched in terms of age and gender. The data collection tools included Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (Ped-SQL) and researcher-made questionnaires of awareness and self-efficacy in the area of thalassemia. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS and Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon statistical tests and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.
Results: Out of 120 children who were included in the study, 87 were girls (72.5%), the mean age of these children was 9.74±2.25 years and disease duration was 5.35±4.47 years. In this study, in terms of children’s quality of life and its dimensions, after the implementation of the educational model, a significant increase was observed compared to pre-test phase only in the intervention group (P<0.001). After implementing this model, the level of knowledge (P<0.001) and self-efficacy of parents (P=0.003) was faced with a significant increase, and this significance was also observed compared to the control group (P<0.001). The variables of age, gender, disease duration and parents’ education level had no effect on parents’ self-efficacy and knowledge as well as children’s quality of life (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, the implementation of family-centered empowerment programs based on multimedia education among parents of children with thalassemia improved the quality of life of these children by increasing the knowledge and self-efficacy of their parents. It is suggested that this program be implemented on a wider scale with better facilities for parents and the family members.
Mahdi Hadi, Ali Jahan, Lila Najafi, Mohamad Ali Shariat,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (3-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Parallel to the progress of services, organizational complexity levels in health care centers (HCCs) have increased. The influential factors in this regard include the variety of services, the non-uniformity of the centers’ management conditions, and the rising expectations from the health system. Therefore, considering many factors influenced and effective, improvement of health services requires development of a systematic approach to evaluate their efficiency and management system. The aim of this study was to develop a balanced scorecard (BSC) model suitable for HCCs using a hybrid approach that combines the Fuzzy Delphi and DNAP techniques.
Materials and Methods: This research was a combined qualitative-quantitative study that was conducted with the aim of developing a BSC model suitable for HCCs. The statistical population consisted of 15 experts in health and medicine, who were selected based on the targeted snowball sampling. A researcher-made questionnaire and a 20×20 matrix questionnaire were used to collect the data. The questionnaire validity was calculated based on the experts’ opinions and the reliability was calculated using Cronbach’s alpha and consistency rate. The data was analyzed using Excel and MATLAB, and DNAP technique was used to determine the cause-and-effect relationship and the influence levels of the objectives.
Results: According to the results of the Fuzzy Delphi technique in the panel of experts, 5 viewpoints with 20 objectives of the BSC suitable for HCCs were identified and replaced the traditional viewpoints of the BSC. In addition, these results showed that the views of growth and development, intra-organizational processes, and social responsibility are considered as the influential factors due to the positive D-R values, while the views of patients and society, financial status, and performance are considered as the factors that are effective due to the negative D-R values.
Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that those points of view that are consistent with the goals of the HCCs should be used in the BSC in order to evaluate their performance. Also, prioritizing and determining the cause-and-effect relationship and considering the contribution of each point of view for achieving the goals of the HCCs can increase the performance.
Setareh Talayeh, Farzad Firouzi Jahantigh, Fatemeh Bahman,
Volume 17, Issue 5 (12-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The tourism industry plays a very important role in the economic cycle of society. Medical tourism, as one of the types of tourism industries, has a direct result in globalizing health care. Therefore, by strengthening the supply chain in this area, a very high added value can be achieved. For this reason, the present study provides a conceptual framework for predicting the demand for medical tourism supply chain by determining the relationship between medical tourism demand and economic, medical, and welfare-service components of Zahedan city.
Materials and Methods: The present study is a descriptive-analytical and applied research. Data were collected using a questionnaire and field and library methods. The statistical population of interest was specialist doctors in Zahedan city, and 97 people were selected using simple random sampling with Morgan’s table. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts and its reliability was obtained using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient with SPSS software more than 0.7. Data analysis was performed using the tangent sigmoid neural network algorithm, linear regression criteria, and mean square error. For this purpose, SPSS software was used to examine the correlation between the data, and MATLAB software was used to design the neural network.
Results: There was anerrore in The basis for the optimality of the answers, linear regression criteria and mean square error. The results showed that the values related to regression, education, and health were more than 0.8 and were 0.9033, 0.8818, and 0.9985, respectively. The highest priorities of the respondents related to medical equipment, education, and health were 0.5657, 0.5558, and 0.20726, respectively.
Conclusion: According to the results obtained from the proposed model, the neural network has a high accuracy in predicting the demand for medical tourism supply chain in terms of education, health, and welfare. It is also predicted that the demand for medical tourism has been constant during the one-year period of research and it is expected that medical tourism in Zahedan city will decrease in future. Therefore, it is recommended that officials pay attention to the development and improvement of medical tourism to promote it.
Mohammad Hossein Sadeghian, Parviz Jahan, Mohammad Aarefi,
Volume 17, Issue 5 (12-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Aluminum phosphide poisoning is one of the fatal poisonings in Asian countries, including Pakistan and India, which requires urgent treatment. Since one of the most important symptoms in patients poisoned with aluminum phosphide is cardiovascular manifestations; it seems that electrocardiogram and echocardiographic changes are one of the important things that need to be measured in patients poisoned with this substance. Therefore, the study was designed to investigate electrocardiogram and echocardiographic changes in patients poisoned with aluminum phosphide.
Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted cross-sectionally 2019-2021 on 107 patients poisoned with aluminum phosphide who referred to the poisoning emergency of Baharloo Hospital in Tehran. All patients were included in the study due to taking tablets, solution or inhalation of aluminum phosphide. Finally, the patients› information was collected based on the variables investigated in this study including age, gender, poisoning dose, time interval between taking pills and admission to the hospital, systolic blood pressure level, electrocardiogram and echocardiography changes.
Results: The mean systolic blood pressure was 107 mmHg at the beginning of the study that changed to 103 mmHg after 24 hours. In addition, the mean diastolic blood pressure was 71.19 mmHg at the beginning of the study that changed to 68.66 mmHg after 24 hours. The blood pH of the patients at the beginning of the study and after 24 hours, was 6.99 and 7.39, respectively (P-value= 0.081). The mean EF was 40.68at the beginning of the study which, on average, changed to 46.57 mmHg after 24 hours (%5.21 increase, P-value= 0.029).
Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that extensive changes in the echocardiography of the heart, especially the left ventricular ejection fraction, as well as the patient›s ECG could indicate the severity of heart poisoning in patients poisoned with aluminum phosphide.
