Showing 19 results for Khani
M Rahimkhani, Ma Mohagheghi,
Volume 1, Issue 2 (20 2008)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The human bowel contains a large and dynamic bacterial population (more than 500 species of bacteria). Some intestinal bacteria such as Streptococcus bovis , Enterococcus and Bacteroides fragilis have previously been suggested to be implicated in the promotion of colon carcinogenesis probably through the conversion of mutagen metabolites.
Materials and Methods: Thirty patients with colorectal cancer confirmed by colonoscopy examination and pathological survey were evaluated. Thirty healthy people who matched by sex and age with patient group were identified. Fecal samples were collected from patient and control groups were cultured in specific and non-specific culture media (aerobic and nonaerobic situations).Organisms isolated by microbial and biochemical pathways.
Results: S. bovis was predominant fecal microbial flora in nine (39.1%) patients and six (26.1%) of control group (P=0.657). Entrococcus was predominant fecal microbial flora in 6 (26.1%) patients and 2 (8.7%) of control group (P=0.657). B. fragillis was predominant fecal microbial flora in 8 (21.7%) patients and 2 (5.4%) of control group (P= 0.062).
Conclusion: Our results by fisher statistical analysis show that the incidences of fecal S. bovis, Enterococcus and B. fragilis in colorectal cancer were not significantly higher than health people.
M Rabieyan, R Safdari, M Rahimkhani, R Sharifian, A Molaeezadeh,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (20 2008)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The risk of infectious diseases in laboratory's personnel is high and several factors can increase these risk. Some of these factors are general, such as burning (with stray acid and base) and electric shock hazards. Which are not exclusive for laboratories. In other hand some several risk factors such as burning liquids are exclusive for laboratories. And there is limited information available about them.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate accidental exposures of all laboratories personnel of Teaching Hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences during 2004- 2005. We selected 416 laboratories personnel's in 15 different teaching hospitably TUMS for our study. The data were collected using a questionnaire and SPSS software was applied for data analysis.
Results:There was no significant association between accidental exposures with gender (p=0.51), educational level (p=0.11) and age (0.09) of laboratories personnel. But, accidental exposures were lower among those who had job experience between 5 to 10 years (p<0.05) compare to less than 5 years or more than 10 years job experience.
Conclusions:Although age, gender and educational level of laboratories personnel did not influence their exposure to laboratory's accidents, little or extensive job experience may increase accidental exposures among them.
M Rahimkhani, N Einollani, R Sharifian,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (20 2011)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Procalcitonin is prohormone of calcitonin and is made 116 amino acids. The normal value of procalcitonin is less than 0.5 ng/ml, that if this amount exceeds, infection is indicated. This poly-peptide is a marker for the diagnosis of primary infection. Increased amounts of procalcitonin is associated with infection especially bacterial infections.
Materials and Methods: 32 patients with liver cirrhosis and 16 healthy controls enrolled in this study were. Serum PCT levels in these subjects was measured. PCT level was measured by semi-quantitative method.
Results: Patient group included 23 males and nine females with mean age of 45 years and SD= 17.44 years, the control group included 11 males and 5 females with mean age of 46 years and SD=15.5 years.
The statistical analysis showed that there was significant difference between PCT levels in patients and controls (P<0.05).Furthermore PCT levels was significantly hgher in cirrhotic patients with hepatitisec background.
Conclusion: Since these patients had no symptoms of infection and were hospitalized for endoscopy test and the PCT test was positive in 78.1% of cirrhotic patients ,whereas this ratio was 25% in the control group, the patients probably were infected and should be under proper treatment.
H Rezakhani Moghadam, D Shojaeizadeh, A Nabiolahi, S Moez,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (26 2011)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Theses are considered as one of the sources for research in the field of education. The aim of this study was to determine the popular topics during 1349-1389 (1970-2010) and to examine the amount of educational interference and the type of such interference in different theses.
Materials and Methods: This research study was done using the descriptive-analytic method and employing the content analysis technique. The choice of topics was based on the categories derived from the Medical Headings of the American National Library. All related theses (336 in this field) were reviewed and the data were analyzed by SPSS software.
Results: In this review, most finished theses belonged to Tehran University of Medical Sciences (62.5%), Tarbiat Modares University (25.3%), and Iran University of Medical Sciences (12.2%). MSc theses were mainly about diseases (23.8%) however, doctoral dissertations were mostly about the prevention of diseases(26.2%).
Conclusion: Although in the recent decade, there has been an increase in new topics and educational interference in theses, some important issues like the training of patients are still neglected. It seems that some strategies like preparing a suitable information bank of thesis in the field of health education can be a good guide for selecting new topics and ignoring old ones.
Sina Moradmand, Mohammad Reza Ganji, Ali Pasha Meysami, Zahra Akbari, Seyede Zoha Mirkhani, Narges Tabrizchi, Zahra Mokhtari,
Volume 5, Issue 4 (12 2012)
Abstract
Background and Aim: High blood pressure in children, especially in developing countries is growing. Birth weight, age and anthropometric parameters such as current height and weight as factors in childhood hypertension and adolescents have been considered. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of hypertension in children school and it's correlation with birth weight and current height and weight.
Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional study, between 2006-2008 among 1195924 students in Tehran's schools, 2040 individuals were selected by multistage random sampling method. Inclusion criteria were age 6 to 19 years, physical health and having health card. The twins, students with hypertensive and smoker mothers were excluded. Statistical analysis was conducted by SPSS software version 16. The multiple regression analysis equation was used to determine the predictors of blood pressure levels.
Results: 69 students(3.4%), including 4.84% of girls and 3.5% of boys had high blood pressure(p=0.14). Significant direct correlation between age, current weight, current height, and body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure was found. However, birth weight has a weak reverse linear correlation with systolic and diastolic blood pressure(respectively=-0.152 and r=-0.111, p<0.001).
Conclusion: Attention to Current size, especially Current weight with consideration to birth weight can be helpful to predict blood pressure in adulthood. This is important in monitoring the weight and blood pressure in children, especially child with an abnormal birth weight and overweight children.
Masumeh Shakeri, Yusef Mojtahedi, Javad Naserian, Maryam Moradkhani,
Volume 6, Issue 5 (13 2013)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Obesity in childhood can cause obesity and its related complications in adulthood. This study was aimed to determine the correlateion between obesity among female adolescents and its related complications of Tehran schools in 2011.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 810 female adolescents, aged 12-16 years old, studying in schools of Tehran University of Medical Sciences were selected using multi-stage random sampling. Height and weight of the participants were measured and their BMI calculated. Data were collected using a questionnaire. Validity and reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed using content validity and test-retest. Using BMI, the participants were categorized into obese(BMI>95 percentile for age and gender) and overweight(BMI between 85 and 95 percentiles for age and gender) individuals. Data were analyzed using the Chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test, ANOVA, and multivariate logistic analysis.
Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in our study were 4.4%(95% CI 4/2-6/4) and 14/1%(95% CI 10/25-15/3), respectively. There was a statistically significant relationship between obesity and TV watching(p<0.001).
Conclusion: Based on our findings, further investigations are recommended to determine factors affecting overweight.
Mohammadhiwa Abdekhoda , Maryam Ahmadi , Agha Fateme Hossini , Esmail Prikhani , Akram Farhadi ,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (11-2013)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Despite all inherent advantages of information technology in health sector, its implementation still faces many problems. One of the most important barriers is people’s resistance. This study was carried out to survey the factors affecting the acceptance of information technology by Health Information Management (HIM) staff of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) hospitals based on Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) in 2011.
Materials and Methods: It is a descriptive-analytical survey. The population of the study consisted of the HIM staff (363 members) of TUMS hospitals. As the sample, 123 employees were selected. The data gathering tool was a questionnaire the validity and reliability of which were confirmed. The data were collected and analyzed by SPSS software, descriptive statistical methods and Spearman Test.
Results: The results showed that there was a positive direct relationship between perceived ease of use (PEOU) on the one hand and the staff’s attitude and their application of IT on the other hand (R=0.14, P= 0.05 R=0.36, P=0.05). Also, perceived usefulness (PU) had a significant direct effect on the staff’s attitude and their application of IT (R=0.22, P= 0.05 R=0.37, P=0.05).
Conclusion : Perceived ease of use (PEOU) and perceived usefulness (PU) are the factors affecting the acceptance of information technology by the HIM staff of TUMS hospitals. Therefore, it is suggested that the above two principles be considered when designing and implementing the IT systems.
Reza Safdari, Hossein Dargahi, Farzin Halabchi, Kamran Shadanfar, Robab Abdolkhani,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (7-2014)
Abstract
Background
and Aim:
The quality of health record depends on the quality of its content and proper
documentation. Minimum data set makes a standard method for collecting key data
elements that make them easy to understand and enable comparison. The aim of
this study was to determine the minimum data set for Iranian athletes’ health
records.
Materials
and Methods: This study is an applied research of a descriptive - comparative type which was carried out in 2013. By using internal and external forms of documentation, a checklist was
created that included data elements of athletes health record and was subjected
to debate in Delphi method by experts in the field of sports medicine and health information management.
Results: From 97 elements which
were subjected to discussion, 85 elements by more than 75 percent of the
participants (as the main elements) and 12 elements by 50 to 75 percent of the
participants (as the proposed elements) were agreed upon. In about 97
elements of the
case, there was no significant difference between
responses of alumni groups
of sport pathology and sports medicine
specialists with medical record, medical
informatics and information
management professionals.
Conclusion: Minimum
data set of Iranian athletes’ health record with four information categories
including demographic information, health history, assessment and treatment
plan was presented. The proposed model is available for manual and electronic
medical records.
Zohre Keshavarz, Masoumeh Simbar, Ali Ramezankhani , Abolghasem Pourreza, Hamid Alavi Majd ,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (4-2016)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Caring about workers is important due to protect human capital and economic growth. Understanding health priorities is one of the main challenges of health management. The aim of this research was to priorities health promotion behaviors of female workers.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in 2012 and had a triangulation design with sequential qualitative-quantitative method based on "integrated model of planned behavior and self-efficacy". In the qualitative phase of the study, a content analysis approach was done to develop the questionnaire, based on the model and psychometric properties were assessed. Then, the educational intervention was conducted in an experimental study with randomized sampling in 70 female workers (35 intervention group, 35 controls). The pretest and posttest was compared.
Results: Content analysis demonstrated 6 main themes, including the main constructs of the research model: attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control, self-efficacy, intention and behaviour in 4 domain (nutrition, exercise, cervical and breast cancer screening, cope with stress). Scale level content validity index was 0.93. Confirmatory factor analysis showed CFI=0.97, GFI=0.95, IFI=0.96, NNFI=0.98, NFI=0.97, RMSEA=0.05. Concurrent validity versus the Health-promoting lifestyle profile II showed r=0.60. Cronbach alpha was 0.75–0.93 across the subscales. Test–retest reliability revealed no significant differences.After educational intervention there was a significant increase in attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, self-efficacy, intention and behavior of female workers in intervention group. Also, effect of intervention program was mostly in self-efficacy construct.
Conclusion: With regards to working conditions economic and socio-cultural barriers in female workers, health policy making is essential in this group to promote health
Narjes Mirabootalebi, Maryam Ahmadi, Mohammad Dehghani, Shahram Khani, Mohsen Azad,
Volume 10, Issue 5 (1-2017)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Electronic Medical Record system collects and stores laboratory data, digital images and electronic versions. It plays a major role in reducing medical errors and duplication and health care providers immediate access to patient medical records. This study aimed to examine the viewpoints of Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences' administrators on the role of electronic Medical records system.
Materials and Methods: The study was a descriptive-analytical research to examine the viewpoints of Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences' administrators and physicians on the role of electronic medical records system. The study population consisted of 61 managers, matrons and health information managers of Hormozgan hospitals and 121 faculty physicians and residents. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The validity was determined and verified by content validity method and experts' views. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used for assessing reliability, which was 83%. Data collected from the questionnaires was analyzed using SPSS software and descriptive statistics and analytical statistics.
Results: Results indicated that "data management" (N=146) with 77.5%, "job objectives and processes" (N=160) with 87.9%, "communication" (N=163) with 89.6%, "data privacy and security" (N=152) with 83.1% had the most important roles in the health system.
Conclusion: Generally, managers and physicians attitudes about the role of electronic medical records system in the health system was evaluated satisfactorily. According to the advantages of the system and removing major obstacles in its implementation, a new step would be taken in order to promote health.
Fariba Razeghi , Masoud Yunesian, Saharnaz Nedjat , Gholamreza Jahed Khaniki ,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (12-2017)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Food handlers have an important role in food contamination. This study determined validity and reliability of the world health organization questionnaires about five essential principles of food safety in food handlers for assessment of their knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP).
Materials and Methods: For standardization, these steps were performed: 1) Getting permission of the world health organization 2) Translating the questionnaire twice in Persian and again in English 3) using expert ideas and determination of inter rated agreement (IRA), relevancy and clarity of each question and the tool as a whole 4) measuring Reliability with Cronbach’s alpha, and repeatability was measured with intra-cluster correlation through repeated test-piloting after 1 month.
Results: Using a conservative approach, the IRA for the overall relevancy and clarity of the tools were 81%, 90% and 90%, and 95%, 95%, 97.5% respectively. The overall Cronbach’s alpha for KAP were 70%, 73%, 99% respectively and the intra-cluster correlation (ICC) that was obtained through comparing the overall score of the questionnaire in the pre-test and test phase were 0.69%, 0.75%, 0.99% respectively.
Conclusion: These new tools have good reliability and validity and they have very important, simple and clear principles of food safety so researchers, managers and food handlers can use them.
Reza Safdari, Majid Alikhani, Foziye Tahmasbi, Zohre Javanmard,
Volume 14, Issue 1 (Apr & May 2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The incidence of osteoporotic fractures, which leads to morbidity and mortality in the elderly, is increasing worldwide. Mobile health application could empower patients to engage in managing their own health. This has a significant impact on improving health outcomes in chronic diseases. For this reason, this study was conducted to develop a mobile-based self-management application for patients with Osteoporotic fractures.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-developmental study, initially, the data required in this research were collected through searching in library resources, clinical guidelines and application review. Then, a questionnaire was applied by physician to validate and determine the significance of these elements and the rational design of application was provided with the obtained elements. Finally, the application was developed in Android Studio environment and then evaluated.
Results: The main application parts include: Disease prevention information, fracture risk assessment tool and information for self-management in osteoporotic fractures care which was divided into two parts: Hip fracture and other fractures. Moreover, provides functions like exercise program adjustments, reminders and patient records. The application functions were evaluated and was able to meet the expectations.
Conclusion: This is a mobile application with validated content and can be used to help patients with osteoporotic fractures to manage their disease and to obtain self-management skills.
Roghaye Khasha, Mohammad Mahdi Sepehri, Nasrin Taherkhani,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (Aug & Sep 2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Asthma is a common and chronic disease of respiratory tracts. The best way to treat Asthma is to control it. Experts of this field suggest the continues monitoring on Asthma symptoms and adjustment of self-care plan with offering the preventive treatment program to have desired control over Asthma. Presenting these plans by the physician is set based on the control level in which the patient is. Therefore, successful recognition and classification of the disease control level can play an important role in presenting the treatment program to the patient and improves the self-care and strengthens the early interventions to alleviate the Asthma symptoms.
Materials and Methods: Based on this objective, we collected the data of 96 Asthma patients within a 9-month period from a specialized hospital for pulmonary diseases in Tehran. Then we classified the Asthma control level by fuzzy clustering and different types of data mining method within a multivariate dataset with the multi-class response variable.
Results: Our best model resulting from the balancing operations and feature selection on data have yielded the accuracy of 88%.
Conclusion: Our proposed model can be applied in electronic Asthma self-care systems to support the decision in real time and personalized warnings on the possible deterioration of Asthma control. Such tools can centralize the Asthma treatment from the current reactive care models into a preventive approach in which the physician’s decisions and therapeutic actions are resulting from the personal patterns of chronic Asthma control and prevention of acute Asthma.
Kobra Nakhoda, Mohammad Ali Hosseini, Kamran Mohammadkhani, Nader Gholi Ghorchian,
Volume 14, Issue 4 (Oct & Nov 2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: International student satisfaction is a vital element in international universities and one of the promotion methods in the global ranking, and is considered as a competitive factor.
Materials and Methods: The research method is mixed (quantitative-qualitative) of exploratory-confirmatory type. The statistical population includes experts, international department managers and foreign students(1352 people) in three universities of medical sciences in Tehran, Shahid Beheshti and Iran. The sampling method is qualitative, purposeful and the sample size is 21 professors. In a small part of the multi-stage cluster method, 450 international students were selected. The research tool was a semi-structured interview in the qualitative part of the interview and a researcher-made questionnaire in the quantitative part.
Results: According to the research results, the most influential factor in the foreign students' satisfaction model includes virtual services(0.84), loyalty(0.81), university reputation and rank (0.78), admission process(0.75), Research services(0.72), Staff and management services(0.71), International services(0.70), Educational services(0.68), Health services(0.67), Welfare services(0.65), Financial facilities(0.64), university infrastructure(0.63) and cultural services(0.61).
Conclusion: In order to attract financial resources, international competition, improve regional and global ranking, universities should consider and plan the priorities of the proposed satisfaction model to improve the level of satisfaction of foreign students.
Shahla Alikhani, Zaher Etemad, Kamal Azizbeigi,
Volume 15, Issue 3 (Aug & Sep 2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Sedentary life style increases risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Physical activity and green tea supplementation can reduce cardiovascular risk factors by improving inflammation and body composition. The aim of study was to determine benefits of 8 weeks of spinning training and green tea supplementation on risk factors cardiovascular and body composition in overweight women.
Materials and Methods: A total 32 overweight women based on BMI (Body Mass Index) (27.1±1.6) and (24.9±3.6 years) were randomly divided into three groups: Spinning+green tea (n=11), spinning+placebo (n=11) and control (placebo +no training) (n=10). Training groups carried out 8 weeks of spinning training with an intensity of 11-17 Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE). Blood sampling were obtained 48 h before starting the interventions and then 48 h after last training session. Serum concentration of hs-CRP (high sensitive C-reactive protein) and blood level of fibrinogen were measured. In addition, BMI and BF% (Body fat percent), bioelectrical impedance analysis was performed.
Results: After 8 weeks of interventions only hs-CRP was significantly decreased in spinning+green tea group (P=0.005). In addition, fibrinogen (P=0.001), BF% (P=0.001) and BMI (P=0.001) were significantly decreased in both training groups. Also, there was significant difference of hs-CRP in the training groups (P=0.028). However, no significant difference of fibrinogen and BF% were observed between the training groups. In the case of fibrinogen both spinning+green and spinning+placebo groups had a significant difference with control group (P=0.004), (P=0.014) respectively. Regarding BF% and BMI only a significant difference wera between the spinning+green and control (P=0.006), (P=0.007) respectively.
Conclusion: It seems that spinning training has improved risk factors of cardiovascular and body composition. Indeed, green tea supplementation has increased the effectiveness of spinning training.
Monireh Rahimkhani, Ali Reza Mordadi,
Volume 15, Issue 6 (Feb & Mar 2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Staphylococcus aureus is gram-positive coccus that is one of the most important causes of nosocomial infections and cause cutaneous or subcutaneous infections. Among these bacteria Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are the most important. The aim of the present study was to investigate the lethal effect of a substance isolated from Staphylococcus aureus under the influence of ciprofloxacin on clinical strains of MRSA.
Materials and Methods: In the present study, 83 strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from hospitals affiliated to Hamadan University of Medical Sciences and were referred to the research laboratory in faculty of Allied Medical Sciences. Strains of Staphylococcus aureus were identified genotyping and phenotyping by PCR test to prove the presence of mecA gene. Minimums Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were examined on number of MRSA in the presence of ciprofloxacin antibiotic as well as supernatant extracted from Staphylococcus aureus fluid culture medium under ciprofloxacin stress.
Results: Diagnostic tests of Staphylococcus aureus, including gram staining, catalase and coagulase tests were performed and all strains were Staphylococcus aureus. In the next step, the strains were genetically tested for confirming methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, by PCR test and present of mecA gene. All 83 samples had mecA genes and were MRSA. The mean MIC of ciprofloxacin and supernatant for different strains of MRSA were 0.032 mg/ml and 0.02 ml/ml, respectively, and the mean levels of MBC ciprofloxacin and supernatants for different strains of MRSA were 0.064 mg/ml and 0.04 ml/ml, respectively.
Conclusion: The effect of ciprofloxacin and supernatant on the death of stressed bacteria has been confirmed so that after bacterial stress by the antibiotic ciprofloxacin expression of genes related to programmed death was seen in a number of MRSA samples. The MIC and MBC values for MRSA strains in the presence of ciprofloxacin and the supernatant showed similar results, indicating the lethal effect of the protein secreted by cultured staphylococci in the presence of low amounts of ciprofloxacin on the bacteria themselves.
Shima Moradi, Fatemeh Rezaei Zadeh, Monireh Rahimkhani,
Volume 17, Issue 4 (10-2023)
Abstract
Background and aim: This study aimed to determine the position of Iran in terms of scientific publications in Immunology and Microbiology, and also to identify the general status of science production and the patterns of publishing in the world, the Middle East, and Iran, analyze Iran scientific collaboration with the Middle East and the world, and explore the relationship between these indicators.
Materials and Methods: The study population contained 30622 Middle Eastern publications in Immunology and Microbiology from 2009 to 2018. Positioning the countries and exploring the relations of indicators, the exploratory factor analysis, and the correlation matrix were conducted using Scival.
Results: According to the findings Iran, Turkey, and Saudi Arabia were among the most powerful countries in the region in terms of publication, citation, regional, international, and overall scientific collaboration. As for regional positioning, the citations had the highest weight comparing to other indicators. Iran have the first rank in the indices of scientific production and citations with 43.63% and 33.76% respectively, third rank in the regional cooperation index with 43.63%, second rank in the extra-regional cooperation index with 23.56%, and also second rank in the total cooperation index with 22.12%.
Conclusion: The indicators were strongly connected togather; however, the citations and international scientific collaborations displayed the strongest amongst others. Despite Iran’s prominent position in both fields, the quality of the publication was lower than the regional and global average. This identified the most powerful and weak countries in the region in regards to scientific capacities in Immunology and Microbiology. Moreover, it reckoned that there was a strong relation between citations and scientific production in contrast with others.
Alireza Jafarkhani, Behzad Imani, Sina Ghasemi,
Volume 18, Issue 4 (10-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Today, an important part of the surgeries performed in the operating room are emergency surgeries. Surgeries are generally necessary in the face of acute life-threatening conditions. Today, due to the increase in the number of emergency surgeries performed in hospitals and the challenging nature of these surgeries, several problems have arisen in the operating room. This study aimed to explain the lived experience of operating room nurses of the challenges that arise following the admission of emergency patients.
Materials and Methods: This research is a qualitative study that was conducted using descriptive phenomenology in 2023 in all hospitals affiliated with Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. The samples of this study were selected using purposeful and snowball sampling. In this research, data were collected through 10 semi-structured interviews with operating room nurses. The data obtained were analyzed to determine the main and sub-categories using Colaizzi’s method
Results: The results of this study showed that the average age of the participants was 46.2 years and their average work experience was 18.5 years. After analyzing the interviews, it was found that the challenges arising from the admission of emergency patients from the perspective of the experiences of operating room nurses are classified into three main themes and 10 subthemes. The main themes of this study include operating room supplies and infrastructure (structural limitations of the operating room, provision of human resources for emergency surgeries, provision of equipment and tools required for surgery, and negligence in providing timely medical services), clinical risks during surgery (threat to patient safety, disregard for observing the principles of sterility and the patient's unique physical condition), and coordination and communication (unconstructive interaction of the surgeon with staff, unusual behaviors of companions in the operating room, and insufficient support for the patient by others).
Conclusion: To prevent challenges, early identification is essential. By planning and implementing preventive measures, improving nurse training, improving infrastructure, and strengthening interdisciplinary collaboration, we can improve the quality of emergency surgical procedures and increase patient satisfaction.
Mohammad Mehdi Sepehri, Minoo Fathi, Nasrin Taherkhani, Roghaye Khasha,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (4-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The development of self-management application for gestational Diabetes based on mobile health, can increase the quality of life of pregnant mothers and reduce the cost of health care and treatment. In order to develop such an application, it is necessary to identify the key players of this system and examine the relationships between them. Then a gestational Diabetes self-management network based on mobile health tools can be presented.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in four phases. In the first phase, key players and roles were identified through literature review. In the second phase, interviews with experts were conducted to assess the identified players and their roles. The third phase involved identifying the relationships between players and their roles, accomplished by designing and completing questionnaires that explored the existence or absence of connections between them. In the final phase, the most critical roles and players were determined using social network analysis, employing three centrality indices: degree centrality, betweenness centrality, and closeness centrality.
Results: A total of 22 role players and 17 roles were identified. Based on the results, the Ministry of Health, with a degree centrality index of 41.12, was found to be the most influential and powerful role player in this network. The endocrinologist, nutritionist and obstetrician, with degree centrality indices of 38.52, 36.79, and 31.60. were ranked next. This indicates that the acceptance of this network by the medical community plays a critical role. Additionally, all three centrality indices showed that the role of patient education had the highest values, followed by roles such as education for specialists and healthcare staff, supporting patients in self-care behaviors, and ensuring patient safety and privacy, which were identified as the key roles.
Conclusion: This study aimed to identify various aspects of network design and the influential roles impacting the self-management of gestational Diabetes through mobile health. The Ministry of Health and the National Prevention Committee exhibited the most connections with each other in fulfilling their shared roles. Therefore, the Ministry of Health can fully delegate some roles to the National Prevention. Additionally, recognizing key roles underscores the necessity of prioritizing education and resource allocation for these roles.
