Journal of

Background and Aim: Excessive Bleeding continues to play a key role and an important cause of morbidity and mortality after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The goal of this study was to determine the differences in bleeding and transfusion between OPCAB and on -pump CABG patients.

Materials and Methods: In a randomized, double blinded prospective study 300 patient's undergoing coronary revascularization surgery were enrolled, 150 CABG patients were compared with 150 OPCAB patients. The patients were assessed during the first 72 hours to determine the postoperative side effects. The 2 groups were compared using the chi-square test or fisher's exact test and the rank sum test.

Results: CABG patients received more intraoperative red blood cells (P<0.0001), more albumin and more fresh- frozen plasma (P<0.0001). Postoperatively, CABG patients were more likely to receive more platelets (29.3% ν 70.7 %, P<0.007). During the operative and the initial 4-hour postoperative period OPCAB patients exhibited greater blood loss (P<0.0001) however, at 12,24and 72 hours postoperatively, CABG patients exhibited greater blood loss. There were4 death in CABG patients (P<0.05)

Conclusion: Despite not reversing the heparin at the end of the OPCAB surgery, OPCAB surgery was associated with an overall reduction in platelets, fresh- frozen plasma, Albumin and transfusion requirements.

Background and Aim: Dental caries in children caused by repeatable consumption of sweet product especially at night, that itself mostly depend on economic and cultural background of the society and family.
One of the most common diseases of human being is dental caries, which are caused by many factors, such as microorganisms, dieting, passing time, and the host itself. Among the microorganisms Streptococci mutants play the major role in causing dental caries. The aim of this research was to investigate the role of Streptococci mutants in dental caries between two groups of children sensitive and resistance to caries.

Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional research, in which 120 children(60 susceptible and 60 resistance) aged between 3 to 5 referred to Tehran University dental school were selected randomly. The selection criteria for the sensitive and resistance dental caries were dmfs > 5 and dmfs < 10 respectively. None of the groups had used any drug or fluoride products before sampling. Saliva of both groups were collected, and transferred to the specific culture media(Mitis Salivarious Agar). After incubation at 37 oC colonies of S.mutans were counted.

Results: There was a significant difference between the number of colony counting(cfu/ml) with age and consumption of repeated sugar product, while. there was no significant difference between(cfu/ml) sex, oral hygiene, and nutrition period during infancy.

Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the consumption of sugar product in childhood results in dental carries.

Background and Aim: The postoperative shivering is one of the common complications of anesthesia, which can cause increased systemic blood pressure, oxygen consumption, intra optical pressure and heart rate in patients. It is necessary to   choose an effective intravenous and the inhaled drugs to reduce postoperative shivering, therefore the aim of this study was to compare Isoflurane and Propofol on shivering among patients undergoing Vitrectomy Surgery.

Materials and Methods: In a double-blind clinical trial, 112 patients aged 16 to 75 (ASA class I-III) who underwent the Vitrectomy surgery were randomly classified into two groups of 56 cases. The occurrence of postoperative shivering in recovery were registered in both groups. Findings were analyzed employing the t-test and Chi-square. Statistical significance was accepted for P values of <0.05.

Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, sex, Weigh، duration of  surgery and duration of anesthesia. The incidence of shivering in recipients of Isoflurane and in recipients of propofol was 12.5% and 32.1% respectively.

Conclusion: Using Isoflurane is better than Propofol to reduce the postoperative shivering in patients undergoing the vitrectomy surgery.