Showing 21 results for Moradi
Sakineh Vali Ghazvini, Elham Shah Bahrami, Yasser Nazari, Fardin Moradi, Rooholah Kalhor,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (12 2012)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Organizations have to establish modern management systems to progress and to obtain maturity. One of the techniques which started in Europe in the last two decades and is considered in management area of country during recent years is the model of organizational promotion (EFQM). The purpose of this study was Performance Evaluation of Rajaei Hospital Based on «EFQM» Organizational Excellence Model.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in year 2010 in Qazvin Rajai Hospital. Data collection tool, was EFQM organization Excellence Model questionnaire which was completed by all the managers. Validity and reliability of questionnaire was calculated. Results were analyzed using descriptive statistics.
Results: Results indicated that this hospital has acquired 99.183 scores out of 500 in enablers factor(88.36 percent of optimum score). Also has gained 183.71 scores out of 500 (36/75 percent of optimum score). Overall, this hospital has obtained 366.7 scores out of 1000 as the total score in the model for performance evaluation in year 2010.
Conclusion: Findings indicated that based on Excellence model criteria, this hospital is in a moderate level. Applying this model for Iranian hospitals which often meet serious problems in this area is informative and practical. Strong systematic view, paying attention to organizational process-based management and being result-oriented are advantageous of using this model.
Sima Esmaeili Shahmirzadi, Davoud Shojaeizadeh, Kamal Azam, Leili Salehi, Azar Tol, Monavvar Moradian Sorkhkolaei,
Volume 6, Issue 3 (7 2012)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Increase in life expectancy is associated with non-communicable diseases. This study is aimed to survey the effect of chronic diseases on the quality of life among the elderly people in elderly care centers in the East of Tehran in 2011.
Materials and Methods: This is an analytical study in which 424 people were randomly selected. They were members of elderly care centers and were 60 years of age or higher. The data collection instruments were a standard quality-of-life questionnaire(SF36) and a chronic diseases record checklist. The data were collected in an interview. For data analysis purposes, Independent T-Test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient were used.
Results: The mean age of participants was 67.34±7.16. Some 92.2% of patients were suffering from at least one chronic disease, and there was a significant statistical difference between the mean points of all aspects of quality of life of those suffering from chronic diseases and those without a history of chronic diseases(P<0.001). Moreover, there was a significant relationship between the quality of life on the one hand and gender, marital status, economic status, and education on the other(P<0.05).
Conclusion: The findings show that an increase in the number of chronic diseases leads to a decrease in the quality of life, and that the application of appropriate educational and interventional approaches can help take effective steps to enhance the old people's health.
Nader Khalesi, Lida Shams, Somaye Yegane, Ebrahim Jafari Pooyan, Taha Nasiri , Narges Roustai , Tayebe Moradi,
Volume 6, Issue 6 (17 2013)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Focus on organizational health could ensure the future success of any organization. Considering the fast changing conditions of hospitals and the necessity of effectiveness, employees are required who can show voluntary behavior towards the organization and customers. Therefore, this study mainly aims to survey the relationship between organizational health and organizational citizenship behavior in selected hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences(TUMS).
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive-analytic study was conducted in 2010. The population of the study comprised the entire staff of TUMS selected hospitals. In total, 312 employees were selected. The researchers gathered their data using questionnaires of organizational health and organizational citizenship behavior. For data analysis, both descriptive statistics(percentage, mean, standard deviation and variance) and inferential statistics(Pearson correlation and regression) were applied. The data were analyzed using SPSS18 software.
Results: The correlation between the organizational health and five dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior(Conscientiousness, Altruism, Helping Behavior, Civil Virtue, Sportsmanship, and Courtesy) was significant(p = 0/0001).
Conclusion: Given this significant correlation between organizational health and organizational citizenship behavior, organizations can make improvements in employees' behavior. This can be achieved by creating harmony among members and through continuous improvement and growth.
Marjan Ghazi Saeedi , Reza Safdari, Abdoljalil Kalantar Hormozi , Leila Shahmoradi, Fatemeh Sadeghi,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (5-2014)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The applicability of any technology to enter a certain field is
determined by defining the advantages and disadvantages of the system in that
field. The aim of this study is to show the advantages and limitations of using
speech recognition systems in health care and providing practical solutions to
improve the acceptability of the system in that field.
Materials and
Methods: This is a descriptive
research with a review method that employs library resources and online
databases such as Proquest, Pubmed, Science Direct, Ovid and Scientific
Information databases using key words like speech recognition software, health
care, benefits, barriers, and solutions.
Results: Speech recognition
system has many advantages like increased accuracy of medical documentation,
and reduced documentation time. It is a tool for data entry into electronic
health records. However, there are several limitations in applying the system
in Iran, such as the lack of definition of database system and the high cost of
hardware and software.
Conclusion: Considering the study
results in relation to the benefits and limitations of systems in healthcare
area, solutions such as production of a national integrated database for the
exchange of health information, improving database to increase the accuracy of
word recognition, and training the users of the system can reduce the
limitations of the system to some extent. Also, in the country’s movement
towards the implementation of electronic health records and the users’ need to
enter data into the computer, the software is a good alternative to keyboard
and mouse input.
Reza Safdari, Leila Shahmoradi, Maryam Ebrahimi ,
Volume 9, Issue 3 (9-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Pathology Information Systems provide opportunities for pathologists and clinical laboratory professionals to influence clinical care and modern research programs. The objective of this study was to determine the minimum data set of Anatomical Pathology Information System from the experts’ point of view.
Materials and Methods: This study is considered an applied research conducted through a descriptive cross-sectional research method. The research instrument was a questionnaire containing data elements related to sample and those related to the patient. This questionnaire was completed by three groups of participants including 22 experts in the field of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 23 experts in Health Informatics and Health Information Management, and 6 Insurance experts. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and SPSS software.
Results: The results indicated that all information elements contained in the questionnaire except the address of the pathologist, resident or the person who performs the act of gross examination were considered as informational elements essential to the system and the high average of five was allocated to them.
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the Minimum Data Set of Anatomical Pathology Information System can be presented in two main categories: Clinical and non-clinical information, which include identity information, management information, insurance information, clinical information and the data related to the study of anatomiaca pathology samples.
Mohammmad Khammarnia, Zahra Kavosi, Mohadaseh Ghanbari Jahromi, Asra Moradi,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (4-2016)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Hospital complaining is an important dimension of clinical governance. This study aimed to determine the impact of clinical governance program on patients’ complaint in Shiraz public hospitals.
Materials and Methods: This applied study was conducted as descriptive-analytical in 2012 in Shiraz. The population studied was 10 public hospitals in Shiraz and the patients complaints were studied during 5 years. Data collected through Iranian Ministry of Health standard checklist of clinical governance. The data entered to SPSS version 21, and analyzed using descriptive statistics and analytical tests such as Chi-square.
Results: Registered complaints had increasing trend during the execution of the program and were 1905. Moreover, 60.5% of the complaints have been made by family members. There was significant relationship between complaints registered with the hospital wards (P=0.000) and gender (P=0.000). Therefore, both genders and in all departments of the hospital complaints of poor quality and inappropriate behavior of the staffs was greater than other complaint.
Conclusion: The number of complaints has increased in recent years. It is proposed to reduce the number of complaints attention to improve communication between physicians and patients, medical ethics, cut non-conventional financial relationaship between physicians and patients, and increased scientific and technical knowledge and skills.
Marjan Ghazi Saeedi , Leila Shahmoradi, Safieh Ilati Khangholi, Mahdi Habibi-Koolaee ,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (7-2016)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Computerized physician order entry system is the process of entering orders electronically. It is a replacement for manual system and is considered as a part of a clinical information system. The appropriate design of this system leads to the enhancement of its capabilities, ensures orders accurately and comprehensively, and transfers information to different parts rapidly. Therefore, transfer time and the error related to the wrong path or misinterpretations will be omitted; in the end, efficiency will increase. This study aims to present different perspectives on design principles of computerized physician order entry system for stakeholders.
Materials and Methods: In this review article, Google, Google Scholar, Pub Med, Web of Science and Scopus databases were searched with some keywords related to design principles of computerized physician order entry system.
Results: Based on the performed studies, factors such as inappropriate design of links, display page, set of orders content, drug database, structure of order environment, rules, formats, mechanism of getting reports of errors, and finally clinical decision support system have led to the decrease of doctors’ performance, increase of new errors, and reduction of patients’ safety.
Conclusion: Inappropriate design leads to the increase of new errors after the implementation of system; therefore, proper and principled design of this system can lead to the improvement of practitioners’ function, decrease of prescription errors and drug side effects, reduction of costs, efficiency increase, workflow
Akbar Abedi , Abedin Saghafipour , Ameneh Sayed Farajolah , Mohammad Salimi, Majid Hajmoradi , Hamidreza Ardalan ,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (7-2016)
Abstract
Background & Aim: Because of extension of health services and comprehensive receivers, the need for health services management is inevitable. Despite the availability of health care services, people do not embrace the full range of these services. This study was conducted to determine the reasons for unwillingness to use health care services presented to age group under 9 years from perspective of health workers in Qom province, during 2013.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done to evaluate the perspective of health personals about services that presented to population with age group less than 9 years. This study was done with a questionnaire as a matrix evaluation of health services. Data were analyzed by Spss 15 Software. Chi square test were used for the evaluation of the hypothesis.
Results: The main reasons for the lack of interest to receive the health care services from perspective of health workers were: lack of health knowledge in recipients of services, inadequate information, poor methods of health care delivery, quality of health care and unsuitable access to health care.
Conclusion: To encourage people to get the health care services provided at health centers in Qom province should hold training meetings, to enhance the knowledge of health care recipients. About presentation of services and methods of service delivery in health centers, we should give enough knowledge to people. Also we should try to promote the level of services, while people motivate to get the services.
Abolfazl Taheri, Fereydoon Azadeh, Mohammad Moradi-Joo, Omid Yousefianzadeh,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (Supplement 1 2017)
Abstract
Background and Aim: In medical sciences, students need problem-solving and decision-making abilities to cure diseases. The present study aims to survey the critical thinking disposition between freshman and senior students in School of Allied Medical Sciences in 2012- 2013 academic year.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 250 students were selected randomly and their critical thinking disposition was assessed. "The Ricketts critical thinking disposition scale (2003)" consists of 33 multiple choice questions; the scale was used by the researcher to assess the critical thinking disposition. Finally, the data was analyzed by t-test and ANOVA using SPSS software.
Results: The mean of students’ critical thinking disposition was 3.54 which shows that this ability was on the average among students. Also, the t-test results showed that there was a difference between freshmen and seniors. The critical thinking disposition was compared between students in various fields; the results did not reveal a significant difference.
Conclusion: In spite of the high critical thinking disposition achieved by senior students and the similar guidance in different fields of study for enhancing the disposition, the variable is not at the ideal and expected level. Therefore, it is necessary to use certain materials and measures in educational planning so that the disposition level can get close to the ideal level.
Khadije Moeil Tabaghdehi , Marjan Ghazisaeedi , Leila Shahmoradi , Hossein Karami,
Volume 11, Issue 5 (1-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Thalassemia is a chronic disease which is extremely expensive, complex and debilitating. The management skill of thalassemia patients should be enhanced to minimize the risk of disease complications. The main purpose of this study was to develop personal electronic health records for thalassemia major patients.
Materials and Methods: This is a developmental applied study which was conducted to develop a personal electronic health record for thalassemia major. First, a questionnaire was prepared to determine the data elements and was filled by Hematology and Oncology professionals in the country (110 persons). Then, based on the results of needs analysis, the system was designed using PHP programming language and MySQL database and was evaluated by 50 thalassemia patients who referred to the Thalassemia Clinic of Bu Ali Sina Hospital of Mazandaran University of Medical of Sciences during the second half of the month of Aban. Finally, a standard questionnaire of usability and user satisfaction assessment was distributed among them.
Results: Usability evaluation of the system showed that patients evaluated the system at a good level with a mean rating of 7.91 (out of 9 points).
Conclusion: The web-based systems can be used to help thalassemia patients to control injection and reduce the complications of the disease and to promote health.
Reza Safdari, Leila Shahmoradi, Marjan Daneshvar, Elmira Pourtorkan, Mersa Gholamzadeh,
Volume 12, Issue 1 (5-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The Ovarian epithelial cancer is one of the most deadly types of cancers in women.Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the most effective factors in predicting and detecting Ovarian cancer in the form of a decision tree to facilitate the Ovarian cancer diagnosis.
Materials and Methods: The present study was a descriptive-developmental study. The main research tool applied in this study was a checklist which was designed based on the medical records, published studies, scientific references, and expert consultation.To determine the content validity of the checklist, the CVR method was applied. Next, survey research was done with aid of Likert-based checklist based on expert opinions in gynecology. Finally, to develop the decision tree, the results of the expert survey were analyzed and the final model was implemented based on the survey results.
Results: The data elements of final decision tree were derived from the result of expert surveys, guidelines, clinical pathways and strategies in context of diagnosis and screening of Ovarian cancer. The leaf nodes in the tree include different types of tumor markers, following up, therapeutic measures, and referrals. The accuracy of the decision tree was approved by the experts. The most important tumor markers that obtained from the decision model in this study were CA19-9, ROMA (CA125 + HE4) and CEA.
Conclusion: Clinical decision models can provide specific diagnosis and therapeutic suggestions by creating patient information integration framework. The model developed in this study can improve the diagnosis of epithelial Ovarian cancer considerably by facilitating decision making.
Reza Safdari, Somaye Mahdavi, Leila Shahmoradi, Khdijeh Adabi, Shahram Tahmasebian, Mahnaz Nazari,
Volume 12, Issue 5 (Dec & Jan 2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: To provide effective care, health care providers need timely and appropriate information. Electronic records provide quick access and easy management of data. The aim of this study was to develop electronic health records for patients with hydatidiform mole and evaluation of completeness of medical records
Materials and Methods: This applied study was conducted in 2017. After verifying the minimum data set required for the system, data were extracted from patient records using a checklist and entered into SQL server. SQL server 2012 and Visual Studio 2013 to design electronic records and SPSS 20 for data analysis was used. Extent of data completion in patient records was also assesed.
Results: Data on the completion of paper records indicated that in 100% of cases, “address” item was filled in. The less completed data was related to carotene deficiency (%1.1). Our findings also showed that the eight most important items like age of first menstruation, first gestational age, interval between pregnancies, number of sexual partners, menstruation between pregnancies, contraceptive methods, social habits and radiotherapy, were not completed in all records.
Conclusion: Many of the important minimum data set for hydatidiform mole disease were either not completed or completed in limited numbers in paper records. By developing such health records, we can ensure better prevention and treatment, and regular follow-up for the patients and help them to save their time and costs.
Mahmoud Moradi, Sara Bahrami Nia,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (Oct & Nov 2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the health literacy of patients referring to specialist physicians' offices in the city of Kermanshah.
Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive analytical cross-sectional study. The population of the study (patients and their companions) included those referring to specialist physicians' offices. In 2017, 380 people were randomly selected and were studied during three months. The data collection tool was Health Literacy for Iranian Adults Assessment Questionnaire. Its validity was confirmed by specialists and its reliability turned out to be 0.89 by Cronbach's alpha. Data were analyzed by statistical tests (Spearman's correlation, Mann–Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test) using SPSS software.
Results: The findings of the study showed that the health literacy of patients and their relatives, referring to physicians' offices in the city of Kermanshah, was relatively favorable, i.e., more than average. The three sources of "the Internet", "questions asked from doctors and medical staff" and "radio and television" are the priorities of information or health literacy. The results showed that people's health literacy was different in terms of age, sex, education, and occupation.
Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that often those people who have low and limited health literacy are among vulnerable community groups (having old ages, low educational levels, and low income). So, considering the health information needs and health literacy of vulnerable groups and designing simple and targeted education using the appropriate media are recommended.
Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal, Reza Zandieh Moradi, Ramin Mazaheri Nezhad Fard, Zahra Rajabi,
Volume 13, Issue 5 (Dec & Jan 2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Transmission of pathogenic bacteria from animals to humans is possible directly or through the consumption of meat and milk or their products. The aim of this study was to identify and diagnose Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (E. coli) by molecular method in cows' milk in Boroujerd city.
Materials and Methods: In a descriptive cross-sectional study, 150 milk samples were sampled from dairy farms in Boroujerd and its suburbs in four months from the beginning of November 2016 until the end of February 2017. After enrichment, culturing and biochemical tests on EMB agar and IMVIC differential tests, and doing linear culture on Sorbitol McConkey Agar medium to identify negative sorbitol isolates and confirm them by serological testing and eaeA gene identification, milk samples were analyzed by PCR test.
Results: Out of 31 isolates of Escherichia coli species, 6 were isolated as negative sorbitol (19.4%). Of these six isolates, five (16.1%) were identified as negative beta-galactosidase (MUG-) on chrome agar medium. In serological test, all 5 isolates were confirmed by O157: H7 antiserum antibody; besides, in molecular analysis, they had eaeA gene.
Conclusion: The outbreak of 16.1% of enterohemorrhagic E. coli in milk can be of great importance as one of the factors causing diarrhea in the community. Therefore, the outbreaks of consumption of this foodstuff in areas of the country that traditionally still put raw milk in food basket can provide valuable results for the prevention of diarrheal diseases.
Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal, Hamed Asgharzadeh, Dr Ronak Bakhtiari, Dr Mohammad Kazem Sharifi Yazdi, Mrs Mahdieh Pourmoradian, Fariba Nabatchian,
Volume 14, Issue 5 (Dec & Jan 2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Fruit juices are an important part of modern diets that can infect various gastrointestinal tract infections if infected with pathogenic bacteria. The aim of this study was to determine the Frequency of Yersinia enterocolitica in traditional fruit juices shop in southern part of Tehran.
Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, 100 samples of fruit juice including orange juice, mango, carrot, apple and celery (5 samples from each fruit juice shop) were collected from south of Tehran and examined according to the national standard of Iran number 2946 and 9236 for Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella and Yersinia enterocolitica. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and SPSS19 software.
Results: The rate of contamination by Yersinia enterocolitica was 2% followed by Escherichia coli 25%, Shigella 14% and Salmonella 1% respectively. The Escherichia coli were isolated from all the tested fruit juice samples, Shigella in carrot and celery, and Yersinia enterocolitica in mango and apple and Salmonella in carrot juice.
Conclusion: The results of this study suggest more attention and regular checking should be paid in preparation of juices in order to minimize the rate of contaminations to public health.
Leila Shahmoradi, Niloofar Kheradbin, Ahmad Reza Farzanehnejad, Niloofar Mohammadzadeh, Atefeh Ghanbari Jolfaei,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (Jun 2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Identifying risk factors is recommended as the first step for depression management in children and adolescents. This study aims to determine the data elements required for developing a clinical decision support system for screening major depression in young people.
Materials and Methods: This research was a descriptive-analytical study. The research population included a variety of mental health specialists that were both psychologists and students in psychiatry and guidance & counseling majors as well as electronic databases including Scopus, Pubmed, Embase, PsychInfo, WOS and Clinical key. The data collection tool was a questionnaire designed in three main sections which was answered by a convenient sample of 8 people who were specialists in the field. To analyze the extracted data Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Mean measures were calculated for each item in questionnaire. Content Validity Index (CVI) and Cronbach’s Alpha (using SPSS software) were calculated which were equal to 0.74 and 0.824 respectively which confirmed validity and reliability of the research tool.
Results: According to Lawshe’s table, data elements with CVR between 0 and 0.75 and Mean less than 1.5, like “Ethnicity and race” (CVR=-0.25, Mean=1.125), were rejected. Items such as “Gender” (CVR=0.5) with a CVR equal to or less than 0.75, as well as items with a CVR between 0 and 0.75 and a Mean equal to or more than 1.5, like “Marital status” (CVR=0.5, Mean=1.625) were retained and considered to be included as the minimum data set for screening major depression in ages 10 to 25 years. Data elements were categorized in three categories: Demographic, Clinical and Psychosocial
Conclusion: Clinical decision support systems can facilitate providing healthcare at different levels such as screening major depression. These systems can be used for screening major depression risk factors to improve accessibility to mental health practitioners, assure the implementation of guidelines and provide a common language between different levels of healthcare. Determining the minimum data set for screening major depression in ages 10 to 25 years, is the first step toward developing a clinical decision support system for screening individuals for major depression.
Nillofar Moradi, Mohammad Azizi, Elham Niromand, Worya Tahmasebi,
Volume 16, Issue 3 (Aug 2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Diabetes is a multifactorial disease characterized by chronic high blood sugar and insulin resistance. In general, the global increase in the incidence of type 2 diabetes is caused by poor nutrition and inactivity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 8 weeks of combined exercise with quinoa supplementation on fasting blood sugar, appetite and quality of life in women with type 2 diabetes.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 36 women with type 2 diabetes were divided into 3 groups: exercise+supplement (n=12), supplement (n=12) and control (n=12). The exercise+supplement and supplement group consumed 25 grams of cooked quinoa seeds for 3 days a week. The exercise+supplement group also did combined exercise for 8 weeks, 3 times a week. Exercise was performed with an intensity of 10-12 pressure perception. The Persian version of the quality-of-life questionnaire was used to measure the quality-of-life index and the appetite questionnaire was used to assess appetite. Blood samples were taken 48 hours before and after the interventions, measurements and questionnaires were completed. One Way ANOVA, LSD post hoc and paired t were used at the significance level of P≤0.05.
Results: According to the results of 8 weeks of intervention in the exercise+supplement group (P=0.001)(2.59%) and the supplement group (P=0.04)(1.54%) compared to the control group (P=0.32)(1.54%) caused a significant reduction in Fasted blood sugar. There was also a significant decrease in appetite index in the exercise+supplement group (P<0.001)(54.20%) and the supplement group (P=0.001)(60.31%) as compared to the control group (P=0.11)(7.91%). Quality of life data also showed a significant increase in this index in the exercise+supplement group (P=0.008)(5.95%) and supplement group (P=0.002)(3.80%) as compared to the control group (P=0.10)(0.99%).
Conclusion: Eight weeks of combined exercise with consumption of quinoa seeds has a positive and improving effect on fasting blood sugar index, quality of life and appetite in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Maryam Aghajarinezhad, Yahya Salimi, Shahab Rezaeian, Ghobad Moradi, Mehdi Moradinazar, Fatemeh Khosravi Shadmani, Roya Safari_ Faramani, Mitra Darbandi, Farid Najafi,
Volume 17, Issue 2 (5-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: All people living in a society are not equally at risk of COVID-19 infection and hospitalization. The current study is aimed to determine the factors related to COVID-19 infection and hospitalization among participants of Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort study.
Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted between 28th February, 2020 to 27th November, 2021. Data from the RaNCD study, morbidity and hospitalizations cases (extracted from the medical care monitoring system, SAMA system and the handwritten list of the health department) and positive serological results were used. For the case-cohort study, 626 confirmed and/or probable cases and 2107 randomly selected participants as sub-cohort were recruited. For the case-control study, 188 COVID-19 hospitalized patients from RaNCD (as cases) and 632 positive outpatients identified as controls. Data were analyzed using Cox and logistic regression, respectively.
Results: In case-cohort study, the hazard ratio of COVID-19 among people living in rural areas, in smokers and those in middle socioeconomic status was, 0.37 (0.24, 0.58), 1.50 (1.07, 2.11), as compared to the reference groups. While the hazard ratio of people aged 46-64 and those ≥65 years old, as compared to the reference group within the first year, was 3.47 (1.76, 6.86) and 6.45 (2.80, 14.85), the corresponding value after one year was 2.23 (1.13, 4.40) and 3.52 (1.53, 8.10), respectively. The hazard ratio among those with at least one comorbidity was 2.45 (1.53, 3.92) in the first year of study and after one year decreased to 1.82 (1.14, 2.92). In addition, moderate and vigorous physical activity decreased the hazard ratio. In case-control study the odds ratio of hospitalization increased by 0.03% (1.03(1.01, 1.05)) with an increase of one year in age and in people with at least three comorbidities was 2.43 (1.24, 4.73) times of those without comorbidity.
Conclusion: Overall, one year after starting the study the decrease in hazard ratio of COVID-19 was significant. Increase in age and having comorbidities are factors that increased the odds ratio of hospitalization. Such people can be considered for the next waves of COVID-19 prioritized for health care and booster vaccination.
Shima Moradi, Fatemeh Rezaei Zadeh, Monireh Rahimkhani,
Volume 17, Issue 4 (10-2023)
Abstract
Background and aim: This study aimed to determine the position of Iran in terms of scientific publications in Immunology and Microbiology, and also to identify the general status of science production and the patterns of publishing in the world, the Middle East, and Iran, analyze Iran scientific collaboration with the Middle East and the world, and explore the relationship between these indicators.
Materials and Methods: The study population contained 30622 Middle Eastern publications in Immunology and Microbiology from 2009 to 2018. Positioning the countries and exploring the relations of indicators, the exploratory factor analysis, and the correlation matrix were conducted using Scival.
Results: According to the findings Iran, Turkey, and Saudi Arabia were among the most powerful countries in the region in terms of publication, citation, regional, international, and overall scientific collaboration. As for regional positioning, the citations had the highest weight comparing to other indicators. Iran have the first rank in the indices of scientific production and citations with 43.63% and 33.76% respectively, third rank in the regional cooperation index with 43.63%, second rank in the extra-regional cooperation index with 23.56%, and also second rank in the total cooperation index with 22.12%.
Conclusion: The indicators were strongly connected togather; however, the citations and international scientific collaborations displayed the strongest amongst others. Despite Iran’s prominent position in both fields, the quality of the publication was lower than the regional and global average. This identified the most powerful and weak countries in the region in regards to scientific capacities in Immunology and Microbiology. Moreover, it reckoned that there was a strong relation between citations and scientific production in contrast with others.
Parisa Moradimajd, Shahnam Sedighmaroufi, Shaqayeq Taghizadeh, Mr Jamileh Abolghasemi, Alireza Babajani,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (3-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: One of the basic principles in the safety of drug therapy for patients is the correct registration and labeling of anesthetic drugs, which can lead to the reduction of drug errors, the increase of drug and patient safety, the reduction of drug consumption and the environment, and the optimization of hospital costs.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional research was conducted in February 2022 in the operating rooms of Iran University of Medical Sciences hospitals. The participants included 177 Anesthesia experts working in the hospitals’ operating rooms, who were included in the study by census method. The data was collected using the checklist for evaluating anesthetic drug registration and labeling guidelines and analyzed using SPSS software and one-way ANOVA, Fisher, and Pearson correlation coefficient statistical tests. The significance level was considered P value < 0.05.
Results: The average compliance with the guidelines for registration and labeling of anesthetic drugs in all hospitals was 3.559 out of the total score of 16. The average adherence to guidelines in 8 hospitals was significantly different from each other (P < 0.001). Hazrat Ali Asghar Hospital had the highest compliance rate, averaging 10.333 out of 16. Firouzgar and Shahid Akbarabadi hospitals were in the next rank, averaging 10.11 and 6.65, respectively. There was a negative and significant correlation between the level of compliance with the guidelines and the average work experience and age of the experts (P=0/17); However, gender did not significantly correlate with the degree of adherence to the guidelines(P=0/596).
Conclusion: According to the obtained results, compliance with the guidelines for registration and labeling of anesthetic drugs in most hospitals was assessed as weak and at an unfavorable level. Considering the importance of this issue in reducing medication errors and increasing patient safety, it is necessary to use empowerment and retraining courses for Anesthesia experts according to the latest guidelines.
