Showing 13 results for Safa
A Ahangar, S Safarani, A Fayaz Bakhsh,
Volume 3, Issue 3 (25 2010)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Managers today work in a dynamic environment. Their role in creating quality is essential. Today paying attention to the quality of goods and services is the first Paiority in heath care organizations which is in with contact peoples lives. Total Quality Management has undergone vast changes in health care management. The aim of this study is to determine the top (chief) and middle managers knowledge and attitude on the feasibility of applying Total Quality Management in hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Science in 2009.
Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive - analytic research. The study population consists of top and middle mangers of Tehran University of Medical Science in 2009. For data gathering , we have used a questionnaire which consisted of 46 questions. We assessed its validity by expert team and its reliability by subsample method (CI95%). Then the data were analyzed by SPSS software. The descriptive results(consist of mean, median, mode, std deviation, variance, range, maximum and minimum) and analytical results(consist of bivariate and Pearson tests) were obtained.
Results: The total mean of the top and middle managers knowledge for TQM is 73.24% and is in good range. The total mean of the top and middle managers attitude about TQM is 79.76% and is good and near to excellent range.There is a meaningful relation between top and middle managers knowledge and attitude for TQM. In total the coordination of the top and middle managers ideas for TQM is near to the each other and is good to applying it in hospitals.
Discussion and Conclusion: Total Quality Management is a new idea that is vital for organizations, especially for hospitals. Results of this survey show that top and middle managers knowledge and attitude are in good range but it needs promotion and continual teaching because when the knowledge and attitude change, the behavior of this managers also change and finally the behavior of all the employees in hospital will change. Also the goals of TQM that are the consent of the patients, employees and society and high quality of services will be acceptable and remain for promotion of good health in the society.
Samaneh Safarani, Mohammad Arab, Abbas Rahimi, Ali Ahangar, Ahmad Fayazbakhsh,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (14 2012)
Abstract
Background and Aim: In strategic planning, there are several procedures to perform internal assessment or strength and weakness of organizations. Among other methods created for this purpose, Wiseboard model is the one in which the following six internal dimensions are considered: Organizational Structure, Leadership, Coordination, Reward System and Communication. This study measures three of these variables in hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS).
Materials and Methods: This survey is a descriptive, analytical and cross-sectional study conducted during 2010 and 2011. The research population comprised all those working at TUMS hospitals from which a random sample of about 580 people was selected. The questionnaire's reliability was estimated to be 91% and the data were analyzed by the SPSS software.
Results: Of the subjects, 75.4% were below diploma level, 13% above diploma, 7.8% higher diploma, 66.4 bachelor holders, 2.6% master holders, and 5.4% had a doctoral degree or higher. Some 72.6% of the subjects were in Clinical and 19.8% in Nonclinical fields. The mean values of Goal Setting, Organizational Structure, and Leadership came out to be 24.47, 20.37, and 22.06, respectively.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research study, TUMS hospitals have weaknesses in some aspects and they need improvement in some areas in the following order: Organizational Structure, Leadership, and Goal Setting.
Behnaz Tavasoli , Majid Safa , Ahmad Kazemi,
Volume 8, Issue 5 (1-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Indole-3-carbinol (I3C), found in Brassica species vegetables, exhibits antitumor effects. It has been shown that I3C induces apoptosis in various cell types through inactivation of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF- k B) pathway. Anthracyclines such as doxorubicin, is widely used in the treatment of hematological malignancies, induce apoptosis in tumor cells via DNA damage and activation of p53. However, NF- k B pathway that activated by anthracyclines as a part of DNA damage response can induce chemo resistance. In this study the apoptotic effect of doxorubicin in combination with NF- k B inhibitor I3C was assessed in acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells.
Materials and Methods: Human pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line, NALM-6 cells, were preincubated with various concentrations of I3C for1 hour and then treated with 125nM doxorubicin at 37 ° C for 24 hours. Cellular DNA content assay and Annexin V-FITC staining were performed by flowcytometry for evaluation of apoptosis.
Results: DNA histogram analysis of NALM-6 cells indicates that combination of I3C with doxorubicin synergistically escalated the percentages of sub-G1 population cells (apoptotic cells) as compared to doxorubicin-only treated group. Annexin V-FITC staining showed that cotreatment of NALM-6 cells with I3C and doxorubicin increased the proportion of Annexin-V positive cells (early apoptotic cells) in comparison with the doxorubicin treated cells.
Conclusion: The results of cell culture treatments and cell death analysis by flowcytometry suggest that I3C synergistically potentiates doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in human leukemia NALM-6 cells.
Omid Safari, Seyed Amir Ahmad Mozafari, Hossein Poursoltani Zarandi ,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (9-2017)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Nowadays, organizations significantly emphasize on different aspects and dimensions of knowledge and intellectual capitals. Knowledge and information are power and each individual equipped with them is powerful. Thus attention to knowledge and intellectual capitals for reaching to Psychological Empowerments in each organization is necessary and inevitable. The aim of this research was to study the impact of Intellectual Capital on Psychological Empowerments in experts of Iran’s Ministry of Youth and Sports.
Materials and Methods: This cross- sectional study was performed among 230 experts in Iran’s Ministry of Youth and Sports through convenient sampling. Data collection was conducted by the use of standard questionnaires of intellectual capital Bontis (1998) and psychological empowerment Spreitzer (1995) with Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of 0.71 and 0.86. Descriptive statistics and regression tests were used for data analysis by spss.
Results: Results of study showed that mean intellectual capital and psychological empowerments was 3.49 and 3.81 respectively. Additionally, results showed that intellectual capital had the ability to predict the examinees’ psychological empowerments (R square= 0.12).
Conclusion: According to the results, it is necessary to use intellectual capitals in organizations for more psychological empowerment and also training sessions should be conduct
Samaneh Safarani, Seyed Mohammad Ali Khatami Firouzabadi, Ali Ahangar,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (12-2017)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Medical facilities management can have a significant impact on reducing costs and increase the quality of services. Therefore, it is essential that the selection of equipment in an objective manner that they will be classified according to their importance, so the aim of this article is to choose the most appropriate of supplier based on multi-criteria decision-making methods.
Materials and Methods: This study was a mixed method. To collect the data, we used documents and interview. The participants consist of top managers, users and experts in medical devices that are in hospital. We used the snowball sampling.
Results: It can be seen that as the method (ELECTERE1), the priority order is D>C>A=B And the method( TOPSIS) is the same, the priority order is D>B>A>C And at in the last way (VIKOR) is A>B>D>C And as we see in the first and second methods most cases are the same except B and C. in the third technique A changed place and become the first rank and, B and C has the same rank.
Conclusion: we were observed that prioritize the options in all of the similarities to each other and yet in some cases differ, in short, no option is in all of the same place, and it seems to make a final decision should use several other methods as a way to help and emphasis our results.
Mozhgan Tanhapour, Ali Asghar Safaei,
Volume 11, Issue 6 (3-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Personal Health Record (PHR) systems play a key role in employing patient-centered care. Besides, the inclination to use Internet services has increased in recent years. The goal of this study is to describe the needed requirements for developing the proposed hybrid PHR model in a social network.
Materials and Methods: Using a descriptive study, a hybrid PHR model was designed in this paper to be implemented in the social health network. Then, by using observation, introspection and questionnaire methods, the requirements of the proposed social network were listed. The elicited requirements were then analyzed by SPSS 16 using descriptive statistics (absolute frequency). Finally, the proposed system was described in the Software Requirement Specification (SRS) standard format.
Results: The proposed hybrid PHR model has benefits of all existing PHR models and is most consistent with PHR definition (individuals control and manage their PHR). It is also applicable and reliable both for individuals and physicians. The results indicated that the proposed system had PHR capabilities as well as social network functionalities. So, the possibility of creating relations between individuals provided more benefits in comparison to other PHR models.
Conclusion: By providing reliable information, the social health network can improve patient-physician relationships. As a result, the proposed social health network can make possible the utilization of web 2.0 and social network capabilities in the healthcare field as well as the benefits of PHR records and patient-centered care.
Sorayya Rezayi , Ali Asghar Safaei , Nilofar Mohammadzadeh ,
Volume 11, Issue 6 (3-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Nowadays, one of the most important areas of application of information technology in the health sector is monitoring patients' condition. Recently utilization of body area sensor networks in healthcare had significant advances. The purpose of this article is to examine the applications of wireless health sensor networks in the field of health.
Materials and Methods: This study was a review study which was done by searching in reliable scientific sources such as Pubmed, IEEE, Science Direct, Springer and other Persian information sources like Magiran and Sid. In order to search English sources, keywords such as “Wearable and implantable body sensors” “Body area sensor network”, and in order to search in Persian sources, keywords such as “implantable and wearable network nodes”, were used.
Results: The tasks of the body sensor networks are to monitor the important parameters of the body, which are vital signs of ill health and illness. Additionally, various types of sensor networks can control various illnesses, for example, heart disease, neoplasms, diabetes, kidney disease, Parkinson's disease, infectious diseases, and so on. Also a variety of wireless body sensor networks in the medical field are divided into two main categories: the wearable wireless body area networks and the implantable wireless body area network.
Conclusion: The use of body sensor networks has a tremendous impact on health and leads to improvements in the life quality and comfort of patients. These technologies are improving, and their development aims to help patients, doctors and the treatment team.
Azita Yazdani, Ali Asghar Safaei, Reza Safdari, Maryam Zahmatkeshan,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (Aug & Sep 2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer and the main cause of death from cancer in women worldwide. Technologies such as data mining, have enabled experts in this area to improve decision making in the early diagnosis of the disease. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to develop an automatic diagnostic model for breast cancer by employing data mining methods and selecting the model with the highest accuracy of diagnosis.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 654 available patient records of Motahari breast cancer Clinic in Shiraz" were used as the sample. The number of records was reduced to 621 after the pre-processing operation. These samples had 22 features that ultimately used ten were used as effective features in the design of the model. Three types of Decision tree, Naive Bayes and Artificial neural network were used for diagnosis of breast cancer and 10-fold cross-validation method for constructing and evaluating the model on the collected data set.
Results: The results of the three techniques mentioned all three models showed promising results in detecting breast cancer. Finally, the artificial neural network accounted for the highest accuracy of 94/49%(sensitivity 96/19%, specificity 86/36%) in the diagnosis of breast cancer.
Conclusion: Based on the results of the decision tree, the risk factors such as age, weight, Age of menstruation, menopause, OCP of records duration, and the age of the first pregnancy were among the factors affecting the incidence of breast cancer in women.
Lia Mirsafaei, Hassan Kaviani,
Volume 13, Issue 6 (Feb & Mar 2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Given the increasing research, the purpose of this study was to explain the effectiveness of this training and its effective factors.
Materials and Methods: The present study is a mixed and explanatory project. In the first step to obtain the effectiveness of self-care education through quantitative meta-analysis and secondly to examine its effective factors the qualitative method of the case study was used. Statistical population of the first stage includes all relevant internal research and secondly, it included all cardiologists in Isfahan province. The data gathering tool is firstly a researcher-made checklist and for the second stage, the semi-structured interview method was used. To analyze the first stage data Comprehensive statistical meta-analysis software CMA Version II and for the second step, coding methods were used.
Results: The results showed that self-care education interventions were highly effective in cardiac patients(ES=1.616, P<0.05) In other words, the average effectiveness of self-care education in (experimental groups) 94% were more effective than control groups. On the other hand, the results of the second stage showed Factors affecting effectiveness include seven factors: education, personal control, physical activity, nutrition, emotion control, optimism, and continuous follow-up.
Conclusion: Heart disease self-care based on the above mentioned factors, as the most effective factor in controlling and improving heart disease this will lead to a longer life expectancy and a better quality of life for patients with heart disease.
Akbar Jafari, Ali Asghar Safae ,
Volume 13, Issue 6 (Feb & Mar 2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Implementation of virtual reality systems in the field of health care has recently made significant progress. This article aims to examine a virtual reality-based system designed for patients with two types of phobia: darkness and height.
Materials and Methods: The present paper is the result of a study conducted by searching valid scientific sources including Springer, PubMed and Science Direct(Elsevier), and observing and examining similar virtual reality systems. According to the performed studies, patients enter the virtual reality environment based on their phobia and physician opinion. To assess the effect of phobia, a series of questionnaires are used before and after the test; and using these questionnaires, physicians can evaluate the extent of their patients' recovery.
Results: One of the ways to treat phobia is to put the patient in real environment; but in terms of cost and feasibility, it is not possible to provide the environment for physicians and patients in many cases. However, by using virtual reality technology and in the system designed in this paper, psychiatrists can implement real environments as virtual reality in front of the patient's eyes.
Conclusion: In the system presented in this study, the existence of several diverse and appropriate virtual reality environments for the care and treatment of patients with darkness and height phobia is one of its distinct points because in many studies only a fixed environment is used for patients.
Shahrbanoo Pahlevanynejad, Reza Safdari, Mojgan Rahmanian, Mohammad Saleh Safari,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Preeclampsia is one of the most serious cases of high-risk pregnancies that endanger women’s health worldwide, especially in developing countries. Preeclampsia is a specific pregnancy syndrome with a prevalence of about 7-14%, which is one of the three leading causes of death in pregnant women. Preeclampsia is the second most common cause of maternal mortality in Iran and accounts for 14% of maternal mortality. The present study was conducted to design, create and evaluate mobile-based preeclampsia self-care application.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in four stages to assess the needs of information elements, design, create and evaluate preeclampsia self-care application. In needs assessment step, 42 specialists, assistants and personnel related to the subject working in the Amir Al-Momenin (AS) Educational, Research and Treatment Center affiliated to Semnan University of Medical Sciences participated. The program was then initially evaluated by 7 physicians, and finally the suggestions provided by users in the design of the program were applied and the final version of the program was completed. The application was designed in the Android Studio environment and then its usability was evaluated using the opinions of 20 mothers and the QUIS tool.
Results: The information elements and functional capabilities required by the program were determined. In addition, the program established communication between the patient and the provider, also created the possibility of care management and control of the disease process. The performance of the program was evaluated by physicians and experts and then evaluated by pregnant mothers in terms of usability. The findings showed that users were satisfied with the application.
Conclusion: The use of mobile-based applications is a useful way to increase knowledge and promote the health of pregnant mothers and facilitate their access to medical information and acquire the necessary skills in their disease. This program helps pregnant mothers with preeclampsia to control their disease by observing proper nutrition and treatment principles to minimize the complications of their disease.
Maryam Aghajarinezhad, Yahya Salimi, Shahab Rezaeian, Ghobad Moradi, Mehdi Moradinazar, Fatemeh Khosravi Shadmani, Roya Safari_ Faramani, Mitra Darbandi, Farid Najafi,
Volume 17, Issue 2 (5-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: All people living in a society are not equally at risk of COVID-19 infection and hospitalization. The current study is aimed to determine the factors related to COVID-19 infection and hospitalization among participants of Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort study.
Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted between 28th February, 2020 to 27th November, 2021. Data from the RaNCD study, morbidity and hospitalizations cases (extracted from the medical care monitoring system, SAMA system and the handwritten list of the health department) and positive serological results were used. For the case-cohort study, 626 confirmed and/or probable cases and 2107 randomly selected participants as sub-cohort were recruited. For the case-control study, 188 COVID-19 hospitalized patients from RaNCD (as cases) and 632 positive outpatients identified as controls. Data were analyzed using Cox and logistic regression, respectively.
Results: In case-cohort study, the hazard ratio of COVID-19 among people living in rural areas, in smokers and those in middle socioeconomic status was, 0.37 (0.24, 0.58), 1.50 (1.07, 2.11), as compared to the reference groups. While the hazard ratio of people aged 46-64 and those ≥65 years old, as compared to the reference group within the first year, was 3.47 (1.76, 6.86) and 6.45 (2.80, 14.85), the corresponding value after one year was 2.23 (1.13, 4.40) and 3.52 (1.53, 8.10), respectively. The hazard ratio among those with at least one comorbidity was 2.45 (1.53, 3.92) in the first year of study and after one year decreased to 1.82 (1.14, 2.92). In addition, moderate and vigorous physical activity decreased the hazard ratio. In case-control study the odds ratio of hospitalization increased by 0.03% (1.03(1.01, 1.05)) with an increase of one year in age and in people with at least three comorbidities was 2.43 (1.24, 4.73) times of those without comorbidity.
Conclusion: Overall, one year after starting the study the decrease in hazard ratio of COVID-19 was significant. Increase in age and having comorbidities are factors that increased the odds ratio of hospitalization. Such people can be considered for the next waves of COVID-19 prioritized for health care and booster vaccination.
Mahnaz Moghadari Koosha, Iraj Salehi, Elaheh Mousavi, Mohammad Reza Safari, Nasim Alipour, Hossein Vakili Mofrad,
Volume 19, Issue 4 (11-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The hidden curriculum is considered the most powerful means of transmitting professional values. Given the critical importance of managing the hidden curriculum to institutionalize professional ethics and professionalism within health higher education institutions, the present study was conducted to explore the perceptions of operating room and anesthesia students and instructors regarding the impact of the hidden curriculum on the promotion of professional ethics.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted using a qualitative approach based on conventional content analysis. The study population included final-year students and instructors from the operating room and anesthesia disciplines at Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. Participants were selected through purposive and theoretical sampling methods. Data were collected via in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Data saturation was achieved after conducting 24 interviews. The data analysis followed the qualitative content analysis approach proposed by Graneheim and Lundman (2004), and was carried out in seven steps: 1. familiarization with the data, 2. identification of meaning units, 3. initial coding, 4. formation of subcategories, 5. development of categories, 6. extraction of themes, and 7. final review.
Results: The content analysis of the interviews resulted in the identification of 456 initial codes. Following refinement and consolidation, these codes were organized into four overarching categories and ten subcategories. The main categories comprised: ‘Components of the hidden curriculum in professional ethics education’, ‘Mechanisms through which the hidden curriculum exerts influence’, ‘Consequences of the hidden curriculum’, and ‘Strategies for enhancing professional ethics’. The findings indicated that the hidden curriculum, manifested through the behavioral patterns of faculty members and instructors, organizational culture, and interpersonal interactions, plays a pivotal role in shaping students’ ethical attitudes and behaviors. Furthermore, the hidden curriculum, through processes of unconscious learning, reinforcement or erosion of formal values, and the manner in which rules are implemented, can yield both positive outcomes—such as the development of ethical decision-making skills—and negative outcomes, including diminished ethical sensitivity.
Conclusion: This study revealed that the hidden curriculum in operating room and anesthesia education functions as a dual-force phenomenon. On one hand, it fosters the development of professional ethics through constructive role modeling and authentic clinical experiences. On the other hand, it can contribute to ethical erosion by conveying contradictory messages and unhealthy norms. Achieving sustainable ethical learning requires active management of the hidden curriculum through three key strategies: aligning the formal and hidden curricula, empowering instructors as agents of ethical value transmission, and shifting the organizational culture paradigm toward learning from error.
