Mehdi Basakha, Kazem Yavari , Hosein Sadeghi, Alireza Naseri ,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (7-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The recently emerged symptoms of population aging
have raised serious concerns in some developed countries. A recent report by the
United Nations (UN) indicates that aging is more rapidly growing and is even more
serious in developing countries than it is in certain other countries. Therefore, this
study is aimed to determine the impression of aging on non-oil economic growth.
Materials and Methods: A simple economic growth model was built which
would take demographic variables into account. Then, using the country's data for
the years 1967-2011, the researchers tried to estimate autoregressive distributed
lags (ADL). The short- and long-term models, and error correction model were
estimated using Microfit 4.0 software.
Results: The findings show that physical capital, human capital and trade
openness have a significant positive effect on per capita income, both in the long
and in the short run. Similarly, the regression analysis indicates that “Ageing
Index” may have a significant effect on economic growth in Iran’s non-oil sector.
Conclusion: Due to the young makeup of Iran's population, the signs of aging
economy have not raised sensitiveness but predictions indicate that the aging
process in Iran will be intensified in the coming decades and its negative effects
will emerge in near future. Therefore, due to the long-term effects of aging on
economic growth, working structure and retiredness reform policies, it is vital to
stabilize population growth at an optimal rate, and more importantly, pay attention
to capital storage.
Shima Derakhshan, Negar Yavari Tehrani Fard, Nahid Abotalbe, Maryam Naseroleslami,
Volume 17, Issue 2 (5-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Today, natural compounds such as peptides and probiotics can be mentioned as a supplement to the treatment of diseases such as cancer. These compounds may be effective in preventing the progression or treatment of cancer by affecting some molecular pathways including inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of D-peptide-B and B.bifidum probiotic lysate on the expression of TNF-α and IL-1 genes in gastric cancer cells of AGS cell line.
Materials and Methods: In this study, AGS and HEK cells were cultured in DMEM medium with 10% bovine serum. The cells were treated with different concentrations of D-peptide-B and B.bifidum lysate and were incubated for 24 hours. The cell viability was checked by MTT. For molecular investigations, after RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, the relative expression of TNF-α and IL-1 genes was evaluated using Real time PCR, and the data were analyzed using statistical methods One-way ANOVA.
Results: The MTT results indicated that the AGS cancer cells’ survival rate decreased after treatment with dipeptide-B and lysate of B.bifidum as compared to HEK control cells. Furthermore, the study found that the expression levels of TNF-α and IL-1 genes in gastric cancer cells were significantly higher after treatment with D-Peptide-B, bacterial lysate, or both, when compared to normal HEK cells (P≤0.05). Specifically, the IL-1 gene expression increased by 300% (4 times) for peptide treatment, 100% (2 times) for bacterial treatment, and 650% (7.5 times) for combined treatment. Similarly, the TNF-α gene expression increased by 350% for peptide treatment, 100% for bacterial treatment, and 520% for combined treatment. These results suggest that these compounds may have induced cell death in cancer cells by affecting other molecular pathways.
Conclusion: Considering that D-peptide-B and B.bifidum lysate had no significant toxicity on normal cells and caused a significant decrease in the survival of cancer cells and this toxicity was dose dependent, therefore, consideration might be given to these natural compounds in treatment of gastric cancer.
