Abolfazl Taheri, Fereydoon Azadeh, Mohammad Moradi-Joo, Omid Yousefianzadeh,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (Supplement 1 2017)
Abstract
Background and Aim: In medical sciences, students need problem-solving and decision-making abilities to cure diseases. The present study aims to survey the critical thinking disposition between freshman and senior students in School of Allied Medical Sciences in 2012- 2013 academic year.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 250 students were selected randomly and their critical thinking disposition was assessed. "The Ricketts critical thinking disposition scale (2003)" consists of 33 multiple choice questions; the scale was used by the researcher to assess the critical thinking disposition. Finally, the data was analyzed by t-test and ANOVA using SPSS software.
Results: The mean of students’ critical thinking disposition was 3.54 which shows that this ability was on the average among students. Also, the t-test results showed that there was a difference between freshmen and seniors. The critical thinking disposition was compared between students in various fields; the results did not reveal a significant difference.
Conclusion: In spite of the high critical thinking disposition achieved by senior students and the similar guidance in different fields of study for enhancing the disposition, the variable is not at the ideal and expected level. Therefore, it is necessary to use certain materials and measures in educational planning so that the disposition level can get close to the ideal level.
Somayeh Fazaeli , Mehdi Yousefi , Zahra Sadat Ershadnia ,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (12-2017)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Considering the scope of tasks and the role of teaching hospitals in the promotion of population health, it is important to consider their responsiveness as one of the three goals of health system. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level and relative importance of responsiveness domains in teaching hospitals from the viewpoint of households living in selected areas of Mashhad.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a valid questionnaire designed by World Health Organization (WHO) was used. From among the households of two selected areas of Mashhad, 561 families that had the background of referring to teaching hospitals were selected via multi-stage sampling. Based on WHO pattern, descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis.
Results: About 50 percent of the respondents expressed the level of responsiveness as good and very good. Information confidentiality domain and the quality of amenities got the highest and lowest ranks from the respondents’ viewpoint, respectively. The highest and lowest importance belonged to the domains of quality care facilities and family and social support, respectively.
Conclusion: Considering the relatively low responsiveness of different domains and also the existing gap between families’ priorities and performance of teaching hospitals, it seems necessary that policymakers pay more attention to patients’ priorities such as the quality of care facilities and the creation of appropriate educational content related to medical students. Also, periodic evaluation of responsiveness can be useful in promoting the responsiveness of teaching hospitals.
Arash Rashidian, Efat Mohamadi, Taraneh Yousefinezhadi, Elham Dadgar, Sedigheh Salavati, Zahra Beigom Seyed Aghamiri,
Volume 12, Issue 5 (Dec & Jan 2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The starting point for any research is the problem-solving and Research Needs Assessment is needed to identify the underlying issues. This study was conducted to determine the research priorities of the Deputy of Health of Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
Materials and Methods: The present study was an applied study that was designed and implemented in five stages; 1. holding a workshop to teach nominal group technique; 2. Carrying out interviews and the primary extraction of research priorities; 3. Conducting the first round of nominating sessions; 4. holding the second round of nominal group meetings, 5. Finalizing research prioritization titles. Data were analyzed by Excel and Spss version 19 software.
Result: This study was conducted with the participation of 38 people. At first, 1039 minutes of interview, 258 original research titles were extracted. Initial research titles were scored during the 4 sessions. At the end, 75% of the participants rated the 21 study points as 7-9, which were considered as research priorities. The titles "Investigating the root causes of maternal death" was the most priority and "the assessment of the effectiveness of the screening of hypothyroidism" was the least priority.
Conclusion: According to findings, there is consensus among stakeholders on research priorities that require investment in generating knowledge related to health goals. Managing the research resources of the organization towards implementing these priorities will lead to a rational allocation of resources for the production of knowledge and applied products, and ultimately to improve the health of the population.
Peyman Yousefi, Shahrbano Rostami, Nasrin Alizadeh Ghandfurosh, Saeed Mohammadi, Mohsen Nikbakht, Laya Ghadyaninejhad, Bahram Chahardouli,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (Jun & Jul 2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Chronic myeloid leukemia(CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative disease, characterized by BCR/ABL translocation. Using tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as Imatinib, treatment for this disease has progressed remarkably. However, resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitor is a major obstacle. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3) is an important transcription factor in proliferation and survival of several cancers. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of STAT3 and its role in drug resistant CML patients treated with Imatinib.
Materials and Methods: Peripheral blood was collected from 71 CML patients in different phases of the disease and 10 healthy individuals. After extracting RNA and synthesizing cDNA, expression of STAT3 gene was measured using Real-Time PCR technique. The expression of STAT3 was normalized to ABL control gene. Then expression levels were compared with the control group.
Results: The results showed that expression of STAT3 in the diagnostic stage was significantly higher than healthy individuals(p=0.0001). STAT3 expression was not significantly different from MMR and the control group. STAT3 expression was significantly higher in non-mutated and mutated ABL kinase domain Imatinib resistant patients as compared to patitents in MMR stage (p=0.0014 & p=0.003). This difference was not significant between the two resistant groups. Blastic phase patients had no significant difference in the expression of STAT3 with the control group.
Conclusion: Considering the results of this study and the role of STAT3 in cell proliferation and survival, the targeting of STAT3 seems to be an effective option in the treatment of resistant patients.
Rasoul Alinejad, Mahdi Yousefi, Hossein Ebrahimipoor, Ali Taghipour, Amin Mohammadi,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (Jun & Jul 2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The efficiency and effectiveness of any organization depend greatly on proper and effective management and use of human resources. Due to the importance of activities and the motivation of personnel fighting against diseases, as well as the high share of personnel costs in total health expenditures, the use of appropriate methods to determine their workload is important.
Materials and Methods: The present research is a descriptive and applied study, conducted in two quantitative and qualitative dimensions. The research environment was the urban-rural health centers of Savadkuh health network. During the process of calculating the workload, the steps were: identifying activities, correcting and approving activities, determining the percentage of acceptable unemployment, calculating standard time, determining the number of repetitions, calculating work units, determining the workload, and determining the required manpower.
Results: Activities in the field of fighting against diseases were identified and organized in the form of 77 activities. By taking the frequency of each activity into account, the total time of these activities in one month was equal to 10273 work units. The main activities related to vaccine injection and registration of vaccinated specifications in relevant offices and forms included 137 and 115 work units, respectively.
Conclusion: Determining the workload of different health care fields by using this study method creates the potential to estimate the number of manpower required to give all predicted services, and has the potential to reduce the demand for surplus labor and increase employees’ tendency to give more services, if used in current structures.
Mrs Fatemeh Rangraz Jeddi, Ehsan Nabovati, Shima Anvari Tafti, Parisa Yousefi Konjdar,
Volume 17, Issue 5 (12-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: A medication dashboard could provide executive directors and managers with the ability to manage medication resources in hospitals. This study aimed to design, implement, and evaluate a medication resources management dashboard for general hospitals.
Materials and Methods: This study was of the development-applied type conducted in an academic therapeutic community center. Based on scientific sources, the dashboard’s key performance indicators (KPIs) and functional requirements were identified. The data collection tool was a questionnaire comprising demographic information, KPIs, and functional requirements. The dashboard conceptual model was designed using Rational Rose software, and then POWER BI software was used to develop the system. The usability of the dashboard was evaluated using the standard questionnaire for End User Computing Satisfaction by 10 users. The data were analyzed in SPSS software using descriptive statistics.
Results: The most important KPIs determined for a medication resources management dashboard in general hospitals were “the ratio of antibiotic consumption to total number of drugs”, “the ratio of the antibiotic prescribed by general practitioners to total number of drugs”, “the ratio of patients for whom antibiotics were prescribed to all patients”, and “the ratio of the number of drug items prescribed by specialists to all physicians”. The most important functional requirements determined were “updating information at specific intervals “, “checking the dashboard at different time intervals”, “defining access levels to view the information”, and “choosing between graphical and tabular displays”. Usability evaluation showed that users’ satisfaction with the dashboard content variable was “very high” and for the other variables was at a “high” level.
Conclusion: The KPIs associated with antibiotics and drug costs within the medication dashboard of general hospitals are high priority. Future studies should evaluate the impact of using a medication dashboard on hospital executive directors’ and managers’ decision-making.
