Journal of

Background and Aim: Embryonic stem cells are identified with two unique characteristics. First, they can be maintained and expanded as pure populations of undifferentiated cells, a characteristic which is known as self renewal aspect of embryonic stem cells. Second, these cells can give rise to all body cell types. In the current study, we used a feeder-free condition to differentiate mouse embryonic stem cells into lymphoid lineage by IL-7 and FLT-3 ligand.

Materials and Methods: Mouse embryonic stem cells cultured on mouse embryonic fibroblasts were separated from the feeder layer. Then, embryoid bodies were formed from mouse embryonic stem cells. Following that, differentiation was performed by FLT-3 ligand and IL-7. In order to demonstrate the differentiation into lymphoid lineages, the expression of CD25, CD19 and CD3 was assessed by RT-PCR technique on days 7 and 14.

Results: After 14 days of differentiation into lymphoid lineages by defined factors, RT-PCR results showed the expression of CD25 and CD19 markers.

Conclusion: In all previous studies, mouse embryonic stem cells were differentiated into lymphoid lineage by OP9 stromal feeder cells. In this study, a feeder-free condition was used to differentiate mouse embryonic stem cells into lymphoid lineage. It is hoped that the present study can lead to new insights in cell therapy of lymphoid deficiency disorders.

Background and Aim: Obesity is now considered as one of the main risk factors of certain known diseases such as cardio-vascular diseases, non- insulin-dependent diabetes, and common cancers. Moreover, the increase of white fat tissue is known as a main factor in the obesity process, in terms of physiology and pathology. Therefore, the understanding of adipocytes differentiation processes is crucial.

Materials and Methods: In this study, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated from human bone marrow by ficol-gradient, and then, their surface markers were confirmed by flow cytometry. Osteoblastic and adipocytes differentiation were done by dexamethasone protocol and confirmed by staining. Then qualitative and quantitative expressions of PPARgamma (PPAR-γ) gene as an important transcription factor in the differentiation of fat were studied by RT-PCR and REAL TIME PCR before and after differentiation into adipocytes. For statistical analysis, paired t-test was performed, using pfaffl and graph pad software.

Results: PPAR-gamma gene expression showed a significant increase after differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into adipocytes (p<0/05).

Conclusion: According to the results, the PPAR-γ gene acts as one of the important factors in the differentiation of MSCs into adipocytes. In brief, the inhibition of this gene's expression to prevent obesity is suggested as an idea for treatment in the future.

Background and Aim: Vaginal delivery and cesarean are two different methods of delivery. These two different conditions could affect the number and types of predominant white blood cells of mothers. This study is aim to assess and determine the number and types of white blood cells of mothers according to vaginal and elective cesarean.

Materials and Methods: That induced among pregnant women referred to Malayer hospital in Iran between 2011-2012. 30 pregnant women with vaginal, and 30 women with elective cesarean were selected as sample size simultaneously. The blood specimen of pregnant women was analysed by cell counter, sysmex model KX-21 before and after delivery. The data was analysed by SPSS Software using descriptive tests, analysis of variance, and multivariance analysis along with P< 0.05 as a significant level.

Results: The results showed that there was a significant correlation between increase of white blood cells count of two groups. The average of segmented Neutrophils of vaginal delivery group was significant increased in comparison with selective cesarean women.

Conclusion: Stress and physical pressure in vaginal delivery could affect the increase of white blood cells in comparison with cesarean delivery. Although, there is no evidence to approve the impression increased of predominant white blood cells on delivered mother and newborn at birth.