Fatemeh Bahrami-Banan, Mohammad Hasan Sheikhha, Nasrin Ghasemi, Mohammad Majdizadeh, Bibi Fatemeh Haghiralsadat,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (11-2018)
Abstract
Backgrounds and Aim: One of the effective strategies for targeting chemotherapy in the treatment of cancer is the use of lipid nano-carriers. In this study, an optimal formulation of niosomal drug containing doxorubicin has been developed to better fight cancer cells.
Material and Methods: Niosomal vesicles were prepared using phosphatidylcholine (22%), span60 (52/5%), cholesterol (22/5%) and DSPE-PEG2000 (5%) by thin-film method. Doxorubicin were loaded into the niosomes using inactive loading method. Their physico-chemical features were assayed using Zeta-Sizer, FTIR and SEM, and drug release amount was calculated at 37° C and 44° C. At the end, the toxicity of the nano drug carrier system was measured on the KG-1 cell line of the bone marrow cancer by MTT method.
Results: Niosomal vesicles containing Doxorubicin showed the size of 160.37±65.2 nm, 94.18% drug encapsulation efficiency -58.11± 1.24 mV of zeta potential and polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.234±0.02 The prepared niosomal system presented drug controlled release and FTIR investigation showed almost no interaction between nano-carrier containing drug and the drug itself. As well, morphological examination of nano-carriers using SEM microscopy revealed that they have spherical structures. Also, cellular studies showed that drug toxicity was higher in encapsulated conditions compared to non-encapsulated conditions.
Conclusion:The results of this study, meanwhile confirming the proper physicochemical characteristics of the system and being Slow-release system indicate that this nano-carrier anionic increases the toxicity of the drug for the KG-1 cell line of the bone marrow, thus, this niosomal nano-carrier can be a suitable carrier for drug delivery to cancer cells.
Roghayeh Shad, Nahid Bijeh, Mehrdad Fathi,
Volume 12, Issue 6 (3-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Despite the significant progress in the field of health, Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death among people. For this purpose, the present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of aerobic exercise on lipoprotein a, blood coagulation and fibrinolysis factors in overweight women.
Materials and Methods: In this semi experimental study with pre and post-test design, 21 overweight women subjects aged between 20 and 30 were randomly selected from experimental (10 people) and control (11 people). The aerobic exercise protocol consisted of five sessions per week for 30 minutes and with an intensity of 55%-75% heart rate reserve (HRR). Blood samples were collected from subjects in two stages to evaluate the considered variables. Measurement of levels of Lipoprotein a, Fibrinogen, PT, PTT, Platelet counts and Hemoglobin. For data analysis, repeated measures of variance analysis at a significant level of 5 hundredths were used by employing SPSS software.
Results: The mean values of Lipoprotein a, Fibrinogen, PT and Platelet counts in the control group showed no significant change after eight weeks of training (P>0.05). While PTT changes in the both groups was significant in the post-test compared to the pre-test (P=0.006). The inter-group difference, in any of the variables between the experimental and control groups, was not significant (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Eight weeks of aerobic training had no effect on Lipoprotein a and blood coagulation and fibrinolysis factors, however, this training program can take effective steps in improving health promotion in overweight women.
Behdad Tondpa Khaghani, Mohammad Reza Dehkhoda, Sadegh Amani Shalamzari,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (5-2019)
Abstract
Background and aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of six weeks high intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate intensity continuous training on health status in over weight males with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Materials and Methods: Thirty overweight males with NAFLD were randomly divided into three groups included control (n=10), HIIT group (n=10), continuous training (CT) group (n=10). The HIIT included four sets of two minutes running with a 90-95% heart rate reserve and 3 minutes of active rest between each set; every week, a repeat was added to the workout. Continuous aerobic training included 20 minutes of running with an intensity of 70-85% heart rate reserve, which every week was added five minutes to the workout. Aerobic power, liver enzymes and lipid profiles were measured in serum by valid tools and data analyzed by co-variancetest.
Results: After six weeks of training program, the serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP, lipid profiles and degree of fatty liver sonography improved significantly in the experimental groups compared to the control group (P< 0/05). Increased HDL and decreased LDL, total Cholesterol, AST and ALT levels in HIIT group were significantly than the CT group (P<0/05). The improvement in maximum oxygen uptake was only significant in HIIT group than other groups (P<0/05).
Conclusion: Base on finding, HIIT compare with continuous training by better effects on aerobic power, lipid profiles and reduction of liver enzymes can be a good choice for patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver.
Parastoo Zakipour, Davoud Kianifard, Ghasem Akbari, Emad Khalilzadeh,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (5-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Methylphenidate (MPH) is one of the commonly used drugs in the treatment of hyperactivity disorder in children. The use of MPH has been associated with increased activity of the central nervous system so may lead to the abuse of this compound. Nicotine is one of the compounds available in a wide range of people in various forms. The negative effects of nicotine on pituitary-testicular axis and spermatogenesis have been reported. In this study, the effects of long-term and simultaneous administration of methylphenidate and nicotine before and during pregnancy in mice on the microscopic structure of testicular tissue in newborn babies were evaluated.
Materials and Methods: Adult mice received nicotine and methylphenidate for eight weeks before and during pregnancy. Embryologic indices and microscopic structure of testicular tissue were evaluated in newborn babies.
Results: The results showed that embryologic and histologic indices in newborns from treated mice decreased in comparison to control group. A decrease of cellular population of seminiferous tubules and development of some structural changes in seminiferous tubules has been observed in treated groups.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the simultaneous administration of nicotine and methylphenidate before and during pregnancy could induce some structural alterations in testicular tissue in embryonic development and postnatal period.
Roya Sehat, Esmaeil Shahabi Satlsar, Parichehr Hanachi,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (7-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Iron deficiency is one of the most common nutritional disorders in the world, and it may affect the metabolism and function of a number of proteins, including the level of thyroid hormones. As such, fluctuations in the level of thyroid hormones may also affect the body's iron status. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between thyroid hormones and the status of iron stores.
Materials and Methods: The study populations included referral patients to laboratory of Shourideh clinic in Mashhad, Iran. Fe, Ferritin, TIBC (total iron-binding capacity), TSH, T4, T3, and CRP tests were performed with a physician's request. The target sample size was a total of 420 patients including 287 women and 133 men with an average age of 41.5 years. TSH and Ferritin test were measured by Elisa method, Fe and TIBC were measured by automated method.
Results: The results showed no significant relationship between the body's iron status and thyroid hormones level (P˃0.05). Interestingly, in subjects with lower iron level, TSH was at the highest level and T4 was at the lowest level. However, no positive relationship was found between iron status and T3 level.
Conclusion: Although, there was no significant relationship between iron status and thyroid hormones level in the present study, it seems that the fluctuations of each of them may affect somehow the other.
Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal, Mojgan Karimi , Mohammad Kazem Sharifi Yazdi, Hedrosha Molla Aghamirzaei , Mohammad Hossin Mosadegh ,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (7-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The variety of sweets along with significant difference level of hygiene in the production, supplies and high potential contamination of sweets ingredients with Escherichia coli, led to investigate the frequency of broad-spectrum beta lactamase strains of E. coli in sweets and determine the presence of SHV, TEM and CTX-M genes.
Material and methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 150 confectionery samples were collected from traditional confectionery workshops in Yazd. Detection of E. coli strains was carried out by standard biochemical tests and antibiotic susceptibility test was performed using CLSI guidelines. Via combined ESBL disk method on the muller hinton agar medium producing strains were identified. All the ESBL producing strains were evaluated using the PCR test for the existence of SHV, TEM and CTX-M genes.
Results: In 30 isolates, (20%) E.coli was obtained. The results of antibiotic susceptibility test showed that the highest and the lowest antibiotic resistance was related to chloramphenicol l (22 isolates, 73.3%) and Imipenem (8 isolates, 26.6%). The results of the combined disk test was showed that only 9 isolates produced ESBL. The molecular analysis on considered genes indicated that 2, 4 and 3 isolates were positive for presence of TEM, SHV, and CTX-M genes, respectively.
Conclusion: The prevalence of antibiotic-resistant isolates in traditional Yazd sweets in this study highlights the importance of more observing and control measures in the preparation and distribution of sweets.
Peyman Yousefi, Shahrbano Rostami, Nasrin Alizadeh Ghandfurosh, Saeed Mohammadi, Mohsen Nikbakht, Laya Ghadyaninejhad, Bahram Chahardouli,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (7-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Chronic myeloid leukemia(CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative disease, characterized by BCR/ABL translocation. Using tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as Imatinib, treatment for this disease has progressed remarkably. However, resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitor is a major obstacle. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3) is an important transcription factor in proliferation and survival of several cancers. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of STAT3 and its role in drug resistant CML patients treated with Imatinib.
Materials and Methods: Peripheral blood was collected from 71 CML patients in different phases of the disease and 10 healthy individuals. After extracting RNA and synthesizing cDNA, expression of STAT3 gene was measured using Real-Time PCR technique. The expression of STAT3 was normalized to ABL control gene. Then expression levels were compared with the control group.
Results: The results showed that expression of STAT3 in the diagnostic stage was significantly higher than healthy individuals(p=0.0001). STAT3 expression was not significantly different from MMR and the control group. STAT3 expression was significantly higher in non-mutated and mutated ABL kinase domain Imatinib resistant patients as compared to patitents in MMR stage (p=0.0014 & p=0.003). This difference was not significant between the two resistant groups. Blastic phase patients had no significant difference in the expression of STAT3 with the control group.
Conclusion: Considering the results of this study and the role of STAT3 in cell proliferation and survival, the targeting of STAT3 seems to be an effective option in the treatment of resistant patients.
Mina Ahmadi Kakavandi, Kamal Azizbeigi, Seyyed Fardin Qeysari,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (7-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Aging process is associated with increased free radicals and cellular damage. However, resistance training may cause balance of the oxidative and antioxidant system in the elderly. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of progressive resistance training (PRT) on malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity in inactive elderly women.
Materials and Methods: 26 inactive elderly women voluntarily participated in present study and divided into progressive resistance training (PRT; n=13) and control group (Con; n=13). The PRT performed resistance training for eight weeks (three sessions per week). Blood samples were collected before and after 8 week of progressive resistance training and analyzed for MDA concentration and SOD activities.
Results: Results showed that after eight weeks of progressive resistance training, MDA concentration significantly decreased in the PRT compared to the control group (p=0.001). Also, SOD activity in the PRT was significantly increased compared to the control group (p=0.002).
Conclusion: The present study showed progressive resistance training cause reduction in malondialdehyde concentration and increase activity of superoxide dismutase that is an important factor in reducing aging process. Therefore, it seems that the regular resistance training causes to balance the oxidant system and reinforcement the antioxidant system in the body and can play a role in preventing serious damage that caused by oxidative stress, especially in aging.
Sonia Hajizadeh, Hamid Choobineh, Azadeh Omidkhoda, Shaban Alizadeh, Mohammad Jafar Sharifi, Zeinab Kavosh,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (9-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Recurrent pregnancy loss(RPL) is known as two or three pregnancy losses before 20th week of pregnancy. RPL accounts for 5% of abortions in women and has a devastating effect on the marital status of families. One of the reasons for RPL is hemostatic complications; thus, we studied the correlation between factor XI polymorphism and RPL in patients who referred to Helal Infertility Center(Rouyesh).
Material and Methods: In this case-control study, 144 patients with a history of miscarriages(at least two) and 150 healthy female with a minimum of one successful birth and no abortion were enrolled. DNA extraction was taken from leukocytes of whole blood. To investigate the polymorphisms, polymerase chain reaction was run, and the presence of polymorphism was analyzed using RFLP method.
Results: Regarding FXI polymorphism, TT, CT, and CC genotype frequencies were 59.7%, 36.1%, and 4.2%, respectively. In healthy control group, the TT, CT, and CC frequencies were 45.3%, 49.4%, and 5.3%, respectively.
Conclusion: TT homozygote genotype could be an RPL risk factor(p<0.05); however, in its CT heterozygote form, C allele could have a protective role against RPL.
Seyed Mohammad Javad Mortazavi, Fatemeh Torabi Konjin, Behrouz Minaei Bidgoli, Ali Okati,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (9-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) aims to reduce the pain and improve the quality of life of patients with progressive osteoarthritis. When the indication of patients' disease is established, this type of surgery should be performed as soon as possible because patients' late attendance increases surgical complications. Therefore, identification of factors influencing the choice of this type of treatment approach is of great importance. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors that influence the choice of this treatment approach in patients using the Apriori algorithm in the form of Association Rules.
Materials and Methods: This study is performed on 233 patients referring to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran for a knee replacement surgery; the needed data have been registered at Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center. In this study, after the preprocessing stage, the important factors in decision making of knee replacement surgery have been identified by using the Apriori algorithm and by its implementation in the software environment of RStudio. After being extracted, these factors and the relationship among them are given to orthopedic practitioners for confirmation.
Results: In this study, flexion contracture above 20 degrees, deformity (varous-valgus) above 15 degrees, final flexion between 51-75 degrees, and medial cartilage destruction were, respectively, the most important factors in selecting patients for knee replacement therapy.
Conclusion: The results showed that data-mining Algorithms could be used to identify effective factors to select patients for this treatment approach.
Amir Hossein Eskandari, Sadaf Alipour,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (9-2019)
Abstract
Background and goals: Breast surgery is one of the most common surgical operations performed worldwide as well as in Iran. Acute postoperative pain is managed by different therapeutic modalities in these procedures, and opioid are the most frequently used option; however their adverse consequences imposes restriction of use. The goal of this article is to review the effects of gabapentin on postoperative pain and opioid use in breast surgeries.
Materials and Method: PubMed, Ovid Medline, and Scopus databases from 2000 to 2019; as well as Google scholar, first 350 results, were searched for all clinical trials and review articles about the subject, using various related keywords. Sixty-two articles were reviewed by 2 researchers and finally data from 22 papers were gathered and assessed.
Results: This review demonstrates that gabapentin is effective in reducing acute postoperative pain after operations of the breast. Also, rate of opioid consumption, an important objective in the period after surgery, is reduced by use of opioids.
Conclusion: This study prompts the effectiveness of gabapentin in controlling postoperative pain in breast operations; since this drug is very seldom used for this purpose in our country, we propose that medical staff consider it as a powerful option after breast procedures.
Hamideh Sadat Atyabi, Sima Rasti, Maryam Niyyati, Zahra Eslamirad, Mahdi Delavari, Gholam Abbass Moosavi,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (9-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Vermamoeba vermiformis is an opportunistic free living amoeba(FLA) that is ubiquitous in different environmental sources. This Amoeba can cause Amoebic Keratitis(AK) and Granulomatous Amoebic Encephlitis (GAE) in immunocompromised patients. This study was conducted to determine the rate of Vermamoeba vermiformis in stagnant water and soil in Arak.
Materials and Methods: In this Cross-Sectional study, stagnant water(60) and soil samples(36) were collected from Arak parks. The samples were filtered in 0.45µm nitrocellulose paper and cultured on to 1.5% NNA for the presence of free living amoeba(FLA). After DNA extraction, Vermamoeba vermiformis was identified by Polymerase Chain Reaction(PCR) using primers NA1 and NA2. Eight isolates of Vermamoeba vermiformis were sequenced blasted and after confirmation, recorded in the Gene Bank. The data were recorded in SPSS.16 and analyzed using X2 and Fischer Exact test.
Results: Out of 96 environmental sources, 29.2% were positive for free living amoeba. The rate of FLA pollution in stagnant water and soil were 28.3 and 30.6% respectively(P<0.001). The contamination rate of stagnant water and soil with Vermamoeba vermiformis were 10% and 16.7%, respectively(P<0.001).
Conclusion: The results of the present study revealed ,that stagnant water and soil resources were contaminated to FLA and Vermamoeba. Due to the Pathogenic ability of this amoeba and the possibility of endosymbian pathogens in it, health education is recommended for controlling and preventing the disease, especially in susceptible patients, including those who use contact lenses.
Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal, Reza Zandieh Moradi, Ramin Mazaheri Nezhad Fard, Zahra Rajabi,
Volume 13, Issue 5 (1-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Transmission of pathogenic bacteria from animals to humans is possible directly or through the consumption of meat and milk or their products. The aim of this study was to identify and diagnose Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (E. coli) by molecular method in cows' milk in Boroujerd city.
Materials and Methods: In a descriptive cross-sectional study, 150 milk samples were sampled from dairy farms in Boroujerd and its suburbs in four months from the beginning of November 2016 until the end of February 2017. After enrichment, culturing and biochemical tests on EMB agar and IMVIC differential tests, and doing linear culture on Sorbitol McConkey Agar medium to identify negative sorbitol isolates and confirm them by serological testing and eaeA gene identification, milk samples were analyzed by PCR test.
Results: Out of 31 isolates of Escherichia coli species, 6 were isolated as negative sorbitol (19.4%). Of these six isolates, five (16.1%) were identified as negative beta-galactosidase (MUG-) on chrome agar medium. In serological test, all 5 isolates were confirmed by O157: H7 antiserum antibody; besides, in molecular analysis, they had eaeA gene.
Conclusion: The outbreak of 16.1% of enterohemorrhagic E. coli in milk can be of great importance as one of the factors causing diarrhea in the community. Therefore, the outbreaks of consumption of this foodstuff in areas of the country that traditionally still put raw milk in food basket can provide valuable results for the prevention of diarrheal diseases.
Mina Rezaei, Sedigheh Mehrabian, Kiumars Amini,
Volume 13, Issue 6 (2-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Candida albicans has numerous virulence factors such as the agglutinin-like sequence(ALS) genes which code the large glycoprotein family that has a role in the adherence of Candida. The present study was to observe the synergistic effect of ketoconazole and probiotic composition of Bifidobacterium bifidum on expression of C. albicans als gene biofilm isolated from oral samples.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 12 clinical isolates of C. albicans were collected from oral periodontal infection in patients referred to dental clinic in Kerman. The MIC and FIC values for each treatment(keto and probiotic alone and keto-probiotic composition) were obtained using micro broth dilution method. Finally, a real-time PCR test was performed to evaluate the level of ASL gene expression in the strains and the results were analyzed using the 2-ΔΔct method.
Results: The results showed that the combination of ketoconazole and bifidobacterium bifidum had synergistic effects. The results of this study showed that the effect of Ketoconazole(keto), B.bifidum(probiotic) alone and the effects of ketoconazole+Bifidobacterium(keto+pro) were 1.47, 1.61 and 1.29 times, reduced the als gene, respectively.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that synergistic effects between ketoconazole and probiotic B. bifidum have been shown to reduce als gene expression(biofilm production). Therefore, it is recommended to administer probiotic supplementation with ketoconazole in the treatment of candidal infections.
Malihe Shamsizadeh, Seyed Mahmood Hejazi, Shima Minaee, Hoda Haghir, Laaya Rajayi,
Volume 14, Issue 1 (3-2020)
Abstract
Backgrounds and Aim: Cardiovascular diseases, especially atherosclerosis, are among the main causes of mortality in developing countries of Asia and West Asia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of aerobic training on serum lipid profile and fibrinogen in middle-aged men with heart failure.
Materials and Methods: Twenty men with aged 50 to 60 years, with heart failure grade 1 to 3, and heart power of less than 45% were selected and then randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Aerobic exercise was included of eight weeks of aerobic training with intensity of 35-65% of maximal heart rate with a three-session frequency per week. Fasting blood samples were collected from participants before and after of eight weeks. Data were analyzed by Paired sample t-test and Independent sample t-test.
Results: The results showed that after eight weeks of intervention, mean changes of HDL, TC / HDL ratio and fibrinogen were statistically significant (P<0.05). On the other hand, mean changes in LDL, TG, TC and LDL / HDL ratio were not significant (P>0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that performing aerobic exercises along with drug therapy can be useful as a good way to prevent cardiovascular disease in people with heart failure
Ehsan Khalili, Naghmeh Janat Alipour, Reza Meshkani, Karamolah Tolabi, Solaleh Emamgholipour,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (5-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: A great interest for determining the particular mechanisms underlying lipogenesis and adipogenesis has been raised among researchers in order to fight obesity. We aimed to investigate the gene expression of FAS and its role in regulation of lipogenesis and adipogenesis in visceral adipose tissues from obese and normal-weight subjects.
materials and Methods: A total of.participants including 40 obese patients(BMI≥35 kg/m2 according to WHO criteria) and 20 healthy subjects(BMI=18.8-24.9 kg/m2 according to WHO criteria) were recruited from who were referred to Erfan, Loghman Hakim, Sina, and Imam Khomeini hospitals bypass or sleeve gastrectomy surgeries in obese ones and elective surgery in controls. Participants were all woman aged from 20-50 years and postmenopausal subjects were not included in this study. Isolated total RNA from adipose tissue was used to synthesize complementary DNA(cDNA) and quantitative real-time PCR was performed for analyzing the gene expression of FAS, and ACC. Data was normalized to geometric means of GAPDH and β-actin expression levels.
Results: in VAT from obese subjects, gene expression of FAS was higher than in those from controls. We found a positive correlation between genes expression of FAS and ACC with obesity indices.
Conclusion: It appears that obesity is associated with dysregulation of FAS genes involved in lipogenesis and adpogenesis.
Sanaz Noroozi, Rahim Ahmadi, Minoo Iranshahi,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (5-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Studies have shown that non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs have an effect on cancer cells of digestive system, however, the cellular and molecular mechanism of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and their effects on the proliferation of gastrointestinal cancer cells is unclear in many cases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of cytotoxic dose of tolmetin on BAX and BCL2 genes expression level in gastric cancer cells (AGS).
Materials and Methods: In this laboratory-experimental study, AGS cells were purchased from Pasture institute and divided into control group and groups exposed to different concentrations of tolmetin. MTT assay was used to measure cytotoxic effects of tolmetin. Real-time PCR was used to evaluate BAX and BCL2 genes expression levels. The data were statistically analyzed between groups using ANOVA.
Results: Higher decrease in relative expression level of anti-apoptotic BCL2 was observed than expression level of apoptotic BAX gene in AGS cells exposed to IC50 concentration of tolmetin.
Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that tolmetin can induce apoptosis in gastric cancer cells by decreasing of anti-apoptotic BCL2 gene expression level. Therefore, consideration might be given to tolmetin in treatment of gastric cancer.
Mohammad Babaei, Ghasem Akbari, Amir Ali Shahbazfar,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (7-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Nigella sativa with anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects is one of the most widely used medicinal plants that can be used as an alternative or adjunctive therapy due to many side effects of chemical drugs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the regenerative and protective effects of Nigella sativa from pathological point of view in rat gastrointestinal tract.
Materials and Methods: This study was carried on 30 wistar male rats which were divided randomly in to 3 groups. First and second experimental groups received 400 and 800 mg/kgbw Nigella sativa extract respectively and control group received normal saline orally by gavage for 2 months. The duodenum, jejunum, ileum and proximal colon samples were collected and after fixation with formalin 10% and tissue processing, the 5 μm sections were prepared and stained by hematoxylin eosin staining. Finally, light microscopy was used to determine the histological characteristics and the length of the small and large intestinal villi in the area of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon, villus width and percentage of goblet cells. Data were analyzed by SPSS software.
Results: The results showed that Nigella sativa significantly increased the length of the villi in duodenum, jejunum and ileum. The width of the villi and the percentage of goblet cells were also increased.
Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be concluded that the Nigella sativa causes enhancement of food absorption by increasing the length of villi and has protective effects.
Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal, Hamed Asgharzadeh, Dr Ronak Bakhtiari, Dr Mohammad Kazem Sharifi Yazdi, Mrs Mahdieh Pourmoradian, Fariba Nabatchian,
Volume 14, Issue 5 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Fruit juices are an important part of modern diets that can infect various gastrointestinal tract infections if infected with pathogenic bacteria. The aim of this study was to determine the Frequency of Yersinia enterocolitica in traditional fruit juices shop in southern part of Tehran.
Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, 100 samples of fruit juice including orange juice, mango, carrot, apple and celery (5 samples from each fruit juice shop) were collected from south of Tehran and examined according to the national standard of Iran number 2946 and 9236 for Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella and Yersinia enterocolitica. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and SPSS19 software.
Results: The rate of contamination by Yersinia enterocolitica was 2% followed by Escherichia coli 25%, Shigella 14% and Salmonella 1% respectively. The Escherichia coli were isolated from all the tested fruit juice samples, Shigella in carrot and celery, and Yersinia enterocolitica in mango and apple and Salmonella in carrot juice.
Conclusion: The results of this study suggest more attention and regular checking should be paid in preparation of juices in order to minimize the rate of contaminations to public health.
Mohammad Saber Malaki, Leila Rouhi, Khalil Khashei Varnamkhasti,
Volume 14, Issue 6 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Lactobacillus is the most important genus of lactic acid bacteria and the use of some species of lactobacillus with the probiotic potential can be effective for inhibition of the growth of some pathogens and control of
gastrointestinal diseases and cancers. In this study, the pro-apoptotic and antimicrobial effect of Lactobacillus sakei on human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line and some gastrointestinal pathogenic species was examined.
Materials and Methods: In this study, the antimicrobial activity of metabolites of Lactobacillus sakei was assessed by Well Diffusion Agar (WDA) method against some gastrointestinal pathogenic bacteria. HT-29 colorectal adenocarcinoma cancer cells were cultured in DMEM medium with 10% bovine serum. The cells were treated in 5, 10, 15 and 20 mg/ml concentrations of sakei metabolites and incubated at 24 and 48 hours. Apoptosis was analyzed by Annexin V-FITC/PI kit according to the manufacturers protocol in both incubation times. For error reduction, each test was performed in triplicate
Results: The results of this study indicate that sakei was able to produce antimicrobial metabolites against gastrointestinal pathogenic bacteria. Also, the results of the Annexin test showed that with increasing concentration of sakei metabolites in dose dependent manner, induction of apoptosis in this cell line increases (P<0.05).
Conclusion: It seems that there is a good research field for the use of bioactive compounds produced by Lactobacillus sakei in the control of gastrointestinal pathogenic bacteria and treatment of human colorectal adenocarcinoma.
